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Volume 50
Issue 5
10.1016/j.medici.2014.10.005
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Article

Insufficient control of heart rate in stable coronary artery disease patients in Latvia

by
Inga Balode
1,
Iveta Mintāle
2,3,*,
Gustavs Latkovskis
2,3,4,
Sanda Jēgere
2,3,
Inga Narbute
2,3,
Iveta
3,
Nicola Greenlaw
5,
Philippe Gabriel Steg
6,
Roberto Ferrari
7,
Andrejs Ērglis
2,3,4 and
For the CLARIFY Registry Investigators
1
Rīga Stradiņ University, Riga, Latvia
2
Latvian Centre of Cardiology, Pauls Stradiņ Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
3
Research Institute of Cardiology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
4
Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
5
University of Glasgow Robertson Centre of Biostatistics, Glasgow, United Kingdom
6
INSERM U-1148 and University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
7
Department of Cardiology and LTTA Centre, University Hospital of Ferrara and Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S: Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2014, 50(5), 295-302; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.10.005
Submission received: 18 February 2014 / Accepted: 24 September 2014 / Published: 4 November 2014
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background and objective: Heart rate (HR) ≥70 beats per minute (bpm) increases cardiovascular risk in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. The objective of the analysis is to characterize HR as well as other clinical parameters in outpatients with stable CAD in Latvia.
Materials and methods: CLARIFY is an ongoing international registry of outpatients with established CAD. Latvian data regarding 120 patients enrolled in CLARIFY and collected at baseline visit during 2009–2010 were analyzed.
Results: The mean HR was 67.7 ± 9.5 and 66.9 ± 10.7 bpm when measured by pulse palpation and electrocardiography, respectively. HR ≤60 bpm and ≥70 bpm was observed in 25% and 35.8% of patients, respectively. When analyzing patients with angina symptoms, 22.8% had HR ≤60 bpm while HR ≥70 bpm was observed in 33.3% of the cases. HR ≥70 bpm was observed in 36.2% of patients with symptoms of chronic heart failure. Beta-blockers were used in 81.7% of the patients. Metoprolol (long acting succinate), bisoprolol, nebivolol and carvedilol in average daily doses 63.8, 5.3, 4.5, and 10.4 mg/d were used in 47, 37, 11 and 3 cases, respectively. Among patients with HR ≥70 bpm 79.1% were using beta-blockers. Medications did not differ significantly between the three groups according to HR level (≤60, 61–69 and ≥70 bpm).
Conclusions: Despite the wide use of beta-blockers, HR is insufficiently controlled in the analyzed sample of stable CAD patients in Latvia. Target HR ≤60 bpm is achieved only in 25% of the patients while more than one third have increased HR ≥70 bpm.
Keywords: Heart rate; Coronary artery disease; Outpatient Heart rate; Coronary artery disease; Outpatient

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MDPI and ACS Style

Balode, I.; Mintāle, I.; Latkovskis, G.; Jēgere, S.; Narbute, I.; , I.; Greenlaw, N.; Steg, P.G.; Ferrari, R.; Ērglis, A.; et al. Insufficient control of heart rate in stable coronary artery disease patients in Latvia. Medicina 2014, 50, 295-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.10.005

AMA Style

Balode I, Mintāle I, Latkovskis G, Jēgere S, Narbute I, I, Greenlaw N, Steg PG, Ferrari R, Ērglis A, et al. Insufficient control of heart rate in stable coronary artery disease patients in Latvia. Medicina. 2014; 50(5):295-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.10.005

Chicago/Turabian Style

Balode, Inga, Iveta Mintāle, Gustavs Latkovskis, Sanda Jēgere, Inga Narbute, Iveta , Nicola Greenlaw, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Roberto Ferrari, Andrejs Ērglis, and et al. 2014. "Insufficient control of heart rate in stable coronary artery disease patients in Latvia" Medicina 50, no. 5: 295-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.10.005

APA Style

Balode, I., Mintāle, I., Latkovskis, G., Jēgere, S., Narbute, I., , I., Greenlaw, N., Steg, P. G., Ferrari, R., Ērglis, A., & For the CLARIFY Registry Investigators. (2014). Insufficient control of heart rate in stable coronary artery disease patients in Latvia. Medicina, 50(5), 295-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.10.005

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