Dieckol Decreases Caloric Intake and Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatic Lymphatic Vessel Dysfunction in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. ECE and DK Decreased Food Intake and Change of Bodyweight and Improved Serum Lipid Profile and NAFLD Activity of HFD-Fed Mice
2.2. ECE and DK Led to Decreased M1 Macrophages, Increased M2 Macrophages, and Decreased IL-6 and TNF-α in the Lymphatic Vasculature of Liver
2.3. ECE and DK Increased the Expression of VEGFR3/pERK or VEGFR3/PI3K/pAKT around the Lymphatic Vessels of Liver
2.4. ECE and DK Increased the Expression of LYVE-1 and Decreased VE-Cadherin in the Lymphatic Vasculature of Liver
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. The HFD-Induced NAFLD Mouse Model and Material Preparation
4.2. Serum Preparation and Total Cholesterol, LDL, and HDL Measurements
4.3. Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining for NAFLD Activity Measurement
4.4. Oil Red O Staining for Hepatic Lipid Accumulation Measurement
4.5. 3,3′-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) Staining
4.6. Isolation of RNA and Quantitative Real-Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)
4.7. Immunofluorescence
4.8. Isolation of Protein and Western Blotting
4.9. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Byun, K.-A.; Oh, S.; Son, M.; Park, C.-H.; Son, K.H.; Byun, K. Dieckol Decreases Caloric Intake and Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatic Lymphatic Vessel Dysfunction in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice. Mar. Drugs 2021, 19, 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090495
Byun K-A, Oh S, Son M, Park C-H, Son KH, Byun K. Dieckol Decreases Caloric Intake and Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatic Lymphatic Vessel Dysfunction in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice. Marine Drugs. 2021; 19(9):495. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090495
Chicago/Turabian StyleByun, Kyung-A, Seyeon Oh, Myeongjoo Son, Chul-Hyun Park, Kuk Hui Son, and Kyunghee Byun. 2021. "Dieckol Decreases Caloric Intake and Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatic Lymphatic Vessel Dysfunction in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice" Marine Drugs 19, no. 9: 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090495
APA StyleByun, K. -A., Oh, S., Son, M., Park, C. -H., Son, K. H., & Byun, K. (2021). Dieckol Decreases Caloric Intake and Attenuates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatic Lymphatic Vessel Dysfunction in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice. Marine Drugs, 19(9), 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090495