Research on the Sustainable Development of Big Health Industry in Binhai New Area, Tianjin

Abstract

The big-health industry is an emerging industry with huge market potential, which plays an important role in economic growth and industrial structure adjustment. After years of development, the big-health industry in the Binhai New Area has begun to take shape and become an important force to promote the high-quality development of regional economy. This paper tries to use the SWOT and gray correlation degree analysis method to explore the correlation degree between the big-health industry and its sub-industries, so as to provide a reference for the Binhai New Area to create deep health resources, release the development potential of the big-health industry, and promote the sustainable development of the regional economy and its people. It is estimated that in the next five years, the per-capita GDP of Beijing and Tianjin will exceed USD 15,000, and the life expectancy of the population will exceed 80 years. The Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region will enter the high level of human development (human development index greater than 0.8). With the improvement of living standards, people’s demand for health will rise sharply, and the market prospects are broad. The Binhai New Area should seize this opportunity to accelerate the development of the big-health industry, to create momentum for regional sustainable development, and to create happiness for its people. The main objective of this study is to ascertain the sustainable development status of the big-health industry in the Tianjin Binhai New Area, as well as the direct relationship between the level of economic development and the development of the big-health industry, to lay a good economic foundation for the vigorous development of the big-health industry.

1. Development Status of the Big-Health Industry in the Binhai New Area, Tianjin

(1)

Overview of major health resources [1]

The big-health industry is an emerging industry with huge market potential, including many production and service fields closely related to human health, such as medical products, health products, nutritional food, medical devices, health appliances, leisure and fitness, health management, health consulting, etc.

• Health institutions. By the end of 2019, there were five tertiary hospitals in the district, including three general hospitals and two specialized hospitals. There were 19 secondary hospitals, including 10 general hospitals (six organized by the government, three organized by enterprises and one organized by the society), three traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and six specialized hospitals (four organized by the government and two organized by the society). There were 33 community health service centers, one township health center, 140 urban community health service stations, and 88 rural health clinics [2]. There were 10 public health institutions, including five disease-prevention and control institutions, one health-supervision institution, one women-and-child health-care and family-planning service center, one central blood station, one health-education institution, and one vector-control institution.
• Bed condition. There are 8676 beds in various medical institutions in the region, with 4.02 beds per 1000 people, slightly lower than the 4.3 beds per 1000 permanent residents required in the 13th Five-Year Plan. The number of beds in secondary and above medical institutions accounted for 69.48%, and that of beds in primary and uncertain medical institutions accounted for 30.52%. Public medical institutions accounted for 82.77%, and private medical institutions accounted for 17.23%. There are 4800 beds for the elderly.
• Situation of employees. There are 13,266 health technicians, 640 employees in old-age care institutions, and 5000 national-level social sports instructors. Among health technicians: senior titles accounted for 8.83%, intermediate titles for 28.84%, doctoral students for 0.52%, and master students for 7.06%. There are 5365 doctors and 5212 nurses, including 2.48 medical practitioners per 1000 population and 2.41 registered nurses per 1000 population.
• Key studies (special subjects) subjects. Three national key clinical specialties have been established, namely clinical nursing, cardiac and vascular surgery and cardiology departments, two national key specialties (departments) of traditional Chinese medicine, including acupuncture and moxibustion and a traditional Chinese medicine proctology department, and nine key specialties of traditional Chinese medicine in Tianjin, including pulmonary disease, surgery, anorectal, encephalopathy and spleen and stomach trouble.

(2)

The development status of the big-health industry

In a broad sense, the big-health industry refers to the collection of all industries and departments directly and indirectly related to human health, with health construction as the center, the big-health concept as the premise, and human health as the goal.

In recent years, the key areas of the big-health industry have developed rapidly, the scale of traditional competitive areas has grown stronger, and new forms of business have been emerging, and the leading and demonstration role has become increasingly enhanced, which has become an important driving force to promote the sustainable development of the Binhai New Area. It presents the following three characteristics:

• The pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is developing rapidly. Market players have developed rapidly. By the end of 2018, Binhai New Area had more than 1500 pharmaceutical manufacturers, with an output value of CNY 82 billion and an annual growth rate of more than 10%. There are five key areas: biological products, chemicals, medical devices, modern Chinese medicine and natural products, and pharmaceutical R&D outsourcing services. This has formed a chemical industry cluster represented by “pharmaceutical intermediates—APIs (which refers to some pre-defined functions, which are designed to provide the ability for applications and developers to access a group of routines based on certain software or hardware without accessing the source code or understanding the details of internal working mechanism)—new preparations—generic drugs with expired patents”. The industrial cluster of plant medicine and modern Chinese medicine is represented by “industrialization of plant cell scale culture—extraction and purification of plant active ingredients—new Chinese medicine preparations”, and the industrial cluster of medical devices “minimally invasive—treatment—health-care”.
• The medical security system has been improved. The first-aid sub-center of the new district was established, and 224 medical personnel and 19 first-aid vehicles were deployed to realize the unified management and dispatch of the first-aid stations in the whole district [3]. With the medical association of the Fifth Central Hospital as the carrier, it promoted the “Internet + medical and health” model, explored the construction of a remote consultation platform based on the Blue Card Internet, and carried out a remote video medical consultation pilot in nine community health service centers including Tanggu Street Sanhuai Road Community Health Service Center. The outpatient and emergency building of the Fifth Central Hospital and the comprehensive building of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in the New District has been completed, and the decoration and construction of the tumor hospital in Binhai New Area has been put into trial operation. With our joint efforts, the average life expectancy of Binhai New Area is 81.97 years, higher than the national average; the infant mortality rate is 1.87 ‰, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old is 2.44 ‰; the reported incidence of financial science and technology Class A and B infectious diseases is 113.4/1010 million, and the vaccination rate of children is above 95%, reaching the level of developed countries.

There are modes for Binhai New Area old people’s choice: “Binhai blue card medical endowment”, “day with nanny medical endowment”, and “lemon tree mutual endowment service”.

c.

The elderly care-service industry is on the ascendant. Smart elderly care projects are popular. Three modes, namely “Binhai Blue Card Medical Endowment”, “Daytime Nursery Medical Endowment” and “Lemon Tree Mutual Aid Endowment Service” [4], are selected for the elderly in the Binhai New Area. With the rapidly aging population, there is a huge demand for elderly care services. It is generally believed that the role of the family as the main caregiver for the elderly is being weakened due to socio-economic changes, such as the miniaturization of the family structure, the mobility of adult children, changes in family attitudes, and women’s participation in labor [5].

Since the big-health industry includes endowment insurance, the actual amount of payment will certainly affect the development of the big-health industry.

2. SWOT Analysis of the Sustainable Development of the Big-Health Industry in the Binhai New Area, Tianjin

Since the Binhai New Area was upgraded to a state-level new area in 2009, after more than 10 years of development, the industrial scale has been continuously expanded, and the industrial structure has been gradually optimized, which has gained good development opportunities.

(1)

Advantages

1.

The aggregation effect is beginning to show, and it is supported by related industries. In 2019, under the downward pressure of the macro economy, regional GDP grew by 5.5%, fiscal revenue by 8.4%, fixed-asset investment by 8%, and related industries such as logistics and services outsourcing developed well, which strongly supported the development of big-health industrial parks. In 2019, TEDA Great Health Industrial Park has developed rapidly, with about 800 registered enterprises and an annual operating revenue of CNY 25.5 billion. Driven by leading units such as BGI and the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the bonded zone has initially formed a medical and health-industry chain dominated by “pharmaceutical manufacturing-medical devices, medical circulation-medical services—medical care derivatives”. In 2018, the output value of enterprises above designated size reached CNY 4.62 billion.

2.

Obvious geographical advantages and huge market demand exist in the form of Beijing, the Xiongnu New Area, the Tianjin highway, one-hour economic conditions, the Tianjin port as the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebe portal, the radiation of northeast Asia, a connection to 12 provinces and cities on the mainland, and Mongolia, Kazakhstan and other neighboring inland countries. Since 2010, the population of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebe region has continued to increase, with a population increase of 13.341 million people. Beijing and Tianjin have a high degree of aging of the registered population, and the demand for health and elderly care is strong.

3.

Strong science and education force and strong innovation ability. Tianjin has 43 universities, 159 research institutes, 410 engineering centers, and 230,000 engineers. With strong innovation ability, the Inhabit New Area has introduced and cultivated 272 incubated science and technology enterprises, with a total registered capital of more than CNY 3.3 billion. Among them, Consino Biotech was officially listed in Hong Kong in early 2019, becoming the first Asian vaccine company to be listed in Hong Kong.

(2)

Disadvantages

1.

Insufficient administrative execution ability of some grass-roots organizations. Although Tianjin city and the Binhai New Area have issued several policies to promote the development of the big-health industry, there are shortcomings in the implementation of the policies that cannot effectively guide market expectations.

2.

The aggregation degree of big-health industry aggregation in the Binhai New Area is not high. Each development zone is the main force in the development of the big-health industry. With a serious situation, the pharmaceutical manufacturing, medical services and elderly care industry developing independently, the internal integration of the industry is low, and the integration of the external industry and other industries is not close, which indirectly affects the development force of the big-health industry.

3.

Shortage of talents in high-end industries. In particular, the supply of high-end health-care talents, compound management talents and professional and skilled talents is generally insufficient [6].

(3)

Opportunities

Deepening reform brings new impetus. The State Council issued the Notice on Further Deepening the Reform and Opening-up Plan of China (Tianjin) Pilot Free Trade Zone (Guofeng [2018] No. 14) to support the cross-border development of the pharmaceutical industry in the Binhai New Area, vigorously develop the medical and health service trade, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the pharmaceutical circulation industry in exchanges. The Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on Optimizing the Business Environment, which came into effect on 1 September 2019, provide a legal guarantee for the development of the big-health industry.

(4)

Threats

1.

Financial support for the pharmaceutical industry is seriously insufficient. The development of the big-health industry lacks market-oriented and sustainable financial support. Many start-ups rely on policy support. Once the policy stops, the development of enterprises stalls, and some high-tech enterprises will turn to Shanghai, Shenzhen and other regions with a more relaxed financial environment.

2.

The development of big-health manufacturing enterprises is subject to environmental constraints. Environmental protection standards continue to improve, the cost of the big-health industry, especially the related pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, has increased significantly, and some pharmaceutical enterprises transfer to the provinces with low environmental carrying capacity requirements (

Table 1. The SWOT analysis matrix table for the sustainable development of the big-health industry in Binhai New Area.

Strengths (S)	Weaknesses (W)
1. The industry begins to take shape and is supported by related industries;	1. The degree of big-health industry aggregation in Binhai New Area is not high;
2. Significant geographical advantage and huge market demand;	2. Insufficient administrative execution ability of some grass-roots organizations;
3. Strong scientific and educational forces and strong innovation ability.	3. Shortage of talents in high-end industries.
Opportunities (O)	Threats (T)
1. The central and local governments have issued many policies;	1. The financial support for the pharmaceutical industry is seriously insufficient;
2. Deepening reform brings new impetus.	2. The development of big-health manufacturing enterprises is subject to environmental constraints.

).

3. Correlation Analysis of the Sustainable Development of the Big-Health Industry in the Tianjin Binhai New Area

(1)

Research methods

Gray correlation analysis measures the correlation between different factors in the same system of a multifunctional statistical analysis method, using geometric analysis of data samples from each factor to constitute the sequence curve, by comparing the reference sequence curve similarity to judge the comparison. The closer the curve changes are, the greater the correlation between the corresponding sequences [5]. (Gray correlation coefficient value is also applicable to sample size, or whether the sample size is regular, and the calculation amount is relatively small, which is very convenient, and there will be no discrepancy between the quantitative analysis results and the qualitative analysis results). The specific calculation steps are as follows:

(1)

Determine the reference columns and the comparison columns. The reference number column is listed as X₀($k$) = {X₀(1), X₀(2), … … , X₀(n)} [6], $k$ = 1, 2, ..., n; compare X_i($k$) = {X_i(1), X_i(2), … … , X_i(n)}, i = 1, 2, …; $k$ = 1, 2, …, n.

(2)

The data are undimensionized according to the initial value method.

$$x_0^{\prime }=x_0(k)/x_0$$

(1)

i = 1, 2, …, k = 1, 2, …, n.

In the formulas, k is constant.

(3)

Calculate each comparative sequence separately

X_i With the reference sequence X₀ Absolute difference between the $\Delta i\left(k\right):\mathsf{\Delta }i\left(k\right)=|X_0\prime (k)-X_i\prime (k\left)\right|$, i = 1, 2, …; k = 1, 2, …n;

(4)

Record the maximum value in $\Delta i(k)$ as $\Delta \max$, and the minimum value as $\Delta \min$, i = 1, 2, ...; k = 1, 2, ..., n;

(5)

The correlation coefficient ${\varsigma }_i(k)$ of each correlation sequence X_i at the k point is calculated by the following formula:

$${\varsigma }_i(k)=(\Delta \min +\rho \Delta \max )/(\Delta \min -\rho \Delta \max )$$

(2)

$\rho$ is the resolution coefficient, the values range between 0 and 1, and in this study, $\rho$ is 0.5.

The gray correlation degree of the X_i of each comparison sequence is calculated

$${\varsigma }_i=\frac{1}{n}\stackrel{n}{{\displaystyle \sum {\varsigma }_i(k)}}$$

(3)

(2)

Selection of indicators

According to the gray correlation theory and combined with the actual situation of the big-health industry, the output value of the big-health industry in the Binhai New Area has been taken as the reference variable, and multiple variables are selected as the factors affecting the development of the big-health industry [7], as shown in the

Table 2. Factors affecting the development of the big-health industry in the Binhai New Area.

Name of Index	2015	2016	2017
The total output value of the big-health industry (CNY 100 million) x0	630	704	795
Pharmaceutical manufacturing industry cost and expense profit margin (%) x1	10.6	10	9.4
Bed use rate (%) x2	68.7	70	67.66
Actual number of basic pension insurance contributions (10,000 people) x3	90.9	93.1	101.47
Proportion of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure in fiscal expenditure (%) y1	2.693	1.68	1.02
Share of health expenditure in fiscal expenditure (%) y2	6.7	3.6	4.07
The proportion of science and technology expenditure in fiscal expenditure (%) y3	6.21	5.875	5.26
Regional GDP growth rate (%) y4	12.8	10.7	6

[8]. (Considering the continuity of the data, the data from 2015 to 2017 were selected for quantitative analysis). It can objectively reflect the characteristics of the geological environment quality of the study area, so that the evaluation results can be more objective and truer.

Pre-tests have been carried out before the formal investigation of this paper. Because knowledge management, service response and market intelligence have little to do with the experiment, the research of these items has been excluded.

Through analysis, the impact relationship between the three industries and the total output value of the big-health industry is found. The y1–y4 reflects the influence of external factors on the total output value of big-health industry; the proportion of environmental protection expenditure under environmental constraints; the proportion of health expenditure on health consumption on the development of big-health industry; the proportion of technology expenditure on the influence of the health industry; “GDP growth” is the measure of regional economic development, reflecting the influence of macro economy on the development of big-health industry [9].

As shown in

Table 3. Factors affecting the development of the big-health industry in the Binhai New Area.

Name of Index	2015	2016	2017
The total output value of the big-health industry (CNY 100 million) x0	1	1.117	1.262
Pharmaceutical manufacturing industry cost and expense profit margin (%) x1	1	0.943	0.887
Bed use rate (%) x2	1	1.019	0.985
Actual number of basic pension insurance contributions (10,000 people) x3	1	1.024	1.116
proportion of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure in fiscal expenditure (%) y1	1	0.624	0.379
Share of health expenditure in fiscal expenditure (%) y2	1	0.537	0.607
The proportion of science and technology expenditure in fiscal expenditure (%) y3	1	0.946	0.847
Regional GDP growth rate (%) y4	1	0.836	0.469

,

Table 4. Difference table.

Name of Index	2015	2016	2017
|x0−X1|	0	0.174064	0.375112
|x0−X2|	0	0.098537	0.277043
|x0−X3|	0	0.093258	0.145623
|x0−y1|	0	0.493621	0.883145
|x0−y2|	0	0.580147	0.654442
|x0−y3|	0	0.171406	0.414884
|x0−y4|	0	0.281523	0.793155

,

Table 5. Association coefficient table.

Name of Index	2015	2016	2017
X1’	1	0.716538	0.539803
X2’	1	0.817028	0.613631
X3’	1	0.825117	0.751336
Y1’	1	0.471283	0.332541
Y2’	1	0.43131	0.402031
Y3’	1	0.719653	0.51469
Y4’	1	0.609821	0.356808

and

Table 6. Gray correlation degree and sorting table.

Name of Index	Gray Correlation Degree	Sort
x1	0.752113499	3
x2	0.810219625	2
x3	0.858817715	1
Y1	0.601274825	7
Y2	0.611113922	6
Y3	0.74478102	4
Y4	0.655543247	5

, it can be seen from these data comparisons that the actual number of people who pay for basic endowment insurance accounts for a large part, which has a great impact on the development of the big-health industry.

(3)

Gray correlation degree analysis

1.

dimensionless data processing

2.

Calculate the comparison sequence

The two-stage minimum difference min = 0, and the two-stage maximum difference max = 0.883145.

3.

Calculate the correlation coefficient

4.

Calculate xi the arithmetic average of ’, and the gray correlation coefficient value and the ranking is shown below:

According to the calculation results, the above seven indicators are greater than 0.5, which all passed the significance test, indicating that the selected seven indicators have a significant influence on the output value of the big-health industry. This is the formula for calculating the gray correlation degree: (1) ρ is the resolution coefficient, generally taken as 0.5. 0.5 is also used when Excel is used. The influence degree of each index is x3 > x2 > x1, and Y3 > Y4 > Y2 > Y1. From the perspective of the industry, in the degree of influence, the medical service industry of x3 and >x1 are represented by the medical service industry > x2. The elderly care-service industry is the main direction of the future development of the big-health industry, and the three pillar industries should be reasonably arranged for overall development.

SWOT qualitative analysis provides a basis for the selection of indicators using the quantitative analysis of gray correlation degree, which explains the problem of the imprecision of influencing factors in the qualitative analysis of SWOT. This method can be used to conduct a comprehensive, systematic and accurate study of the situation of the research object, to formulate corresponding development strategies, plans and countermeasures according to the research results. The consistent analysis conclusion also provides the corresponding basis for the subsequent research.

4. Countermeasures and Suggestions for the Sustainable Development of the Big-Health Industry in the Binhai New Area

Based on the conclusions of SWOT analysis and gray correlation degree analysis, and combined with the actual situation, the following countermeasures and development ideas are put forward.

(1)

Develop a healthy economy and enhance market awareness

The research shows that the health resource endowment has no obvious impact on the development of the big-health industry, and the insurance population and scientific and technological investment play a key role in the agglomeration and development of the big-health industry. The direct relationship between the level of economic development and the development of the big-health industry is demonstrated from the perspective of empirical analysis.

The big-health industry is a very wide and special business domain to meet people’s health needs [10]. Its development, including technological progress and the formation of market order, is highly dependent on the arrangement of institutional systems and policy rules. Different institutional and policy environments will have a great impact and guidance on the development direction of the big-health industry. In medical system reform, especially public hospital reform, public medical system–social medical security system reform, and rural cooperative medical care system reform under the background of the sustainable development of big-health industry [11], the guidance of system innovation is especially needed, through the reconstruction and optimization of supply and demand, guiding and stimulating suppliers in the health industry, including medical services, drug production enterprises, research and development institutions for organization model and business model innovation, strengthening the market allocation of health resources, and laying a good economic foundation for the boom in the big-health industry.

(2)

Strengthen top-level planning and design to build a development pattern for the big-health industry

The Party’s 20th report clearly proposed to promote the development of a high-quality “healthy China”. The Binhai New Area government and relevant departments should strengthen learning, solicit opinions, carry out a special plan for the health industry at a new starting point and high standards, give full play to the role of the health industry in promoting the development of people’s livelihoods, accelerate the integration of resources and industries, and form a focus on key industries by developing elderly care services, medical services, and pharmaceutical manufacturing, creating a linkage development pattern of related industries, providing the action guide and data support for investment promotion.

(3)

Increase the support for the big-health industry and promote the rapid development of the big-health industry

As they all passed the significance test, it shows that the seven indicators selected have a significant impact on the output value of the big-health industry. According to the analysis results of the gray correlation, financial science and technology expenditure is crucial to the development of the health industry in the new district, so we should continue to increase the financial investment in the health industry to ensure the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the health industry. In addition, while developing the commercial nature of the big-health industry, we should also highlight the public welfare nature of the health industry, and show the social benefits of the industrial development in the form of policy tilt and financial subsidies, to realize the sustainable development of the big-health industry.

(4)

Highlight the driving effect of major projects and optimize the structure of the big-health industry

From the actual findings in academia, the business environment, society and other parties, it is not difficult to see that to complete the major project planning of the big-health industry in the Binhai New Area, we must rely on the rich health and tourism resources in the region, vigorously develop health-care services for the elderly, reasonably plan medical services, adhere to the concept of green development, and support the development of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry with high standards.

In short, known as the 21st-century “sunrise industry”, big-health industry includes the pension service industry, medical services, and pharmaceutical manufacturing industry system. Its internal structure proportion is undergoing major changes, from the past to western medicine treatment, promoting the development of medical and “cure” pension service industry development, health industry chain and the supply chain-related upstream and downstream enterprises that are building the sustainable development of the green ecological system, maximizing people’s health potential and offering a health potential for human prosperity and experiencing life to the fullest [12]. With the development of the digital economy, the trend of information, networking, digitization and intelligence of the big-health industry will be gradually strengthened, and the development pattern of industry–university research integration and collaborative innovation will appear, which will attract many high-end talents to develop in the new area and contribute to the innovation of the Binhai New Area [13]. With the trend of informatization, networking, digitalization and intelligentization of the health industry, the development pattern of industry–university research integration and collaborative innovation will emerge. SWOT analysis for the sustainable development of the health industry analyzes the shortcomings of large health-manufacturing enterprises, which will attract many high-end talents to develop in the new area and make contributions to the innovation of the Binhai New Area.