Effects of Gastrodin against Lead-Induced Brain Injury in Mice Associated with the Wnt/Nrf2 Pathway
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Reagents
2.2. Animals and Ethics
2.3. Experimental Design
2.4. Step-Down Test
2.5. Golgi Stain
2.6. Biochemical Analysis
2.7. Western Blotting Analysis
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. GAS Alleviates Pb-Induced Memory Deficits and Reduction of Dendritic Spine Density of Mice
3.2. GAS Activated the Wnt Signaling Pathway in the Brain of Mice
3.3. GAS Improved Hippocampal Plasticity and Neurotransmission of Mice
3.4. GAS Inhibited Pb-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Mice
3.5. GAS Regulated the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in the Brain of Mice
3.6. GAS Suppressed Pb-Induced Apoptosis in the Brain of Mice
3.7. GAS Suppressed Pb-Induced Inflammation in the Brain of Mice
3.8. GAS Decreased Accumulation of P-Tau and Aβ in the Brain of Mice
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Latency (Seconds) | The Number of Errors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Group | Learning training test | Memory test | Learning training test | Memory test |
Control | 81.08 ± 8.62 | 105.79 ± 10.93 | 2.46 ± 0.40 | 0.75 ± 0.10 |
Pb | 54.41 ± 10.34 ## | 67.14 ± 9.79 ## | 4.35 ± 0.49 ## | 2.32 ± 0.36 ## |
Pb+GAS (50 mg/kg) | 70.16 ± 7.34 ** | 83.23 ± 6.47 ** | 3.63 ± 0.38 ** | 1.21 ± 0.12 ** |
Pb+GAS (100 mg/kg) | 79.18 ± 6.82 ** | 89.55 ± 7.16 ** | 2.96 ± 0.52 ** | 0.95 ± 0.14 ** |
MDA (nM/mg prot) | SOD (U/mg prot) | TAC (U/mg prot) | |
---|---|---|---|
Control | 10.18 ± 1.03 | 324.15 ± 26.42 | 3.14 ± 0.16 |
Pb | 14.83 ± 1.31 ## | 253.69 ± 30.61 ## | 2.03 ± 0.13 ## |
Pb+GAS (50 mg/kg) | 12.16 ± 1.08 ** | 298.95 ± 21.68 ** | 2.65 ± 0.22 ** |
Pb+GAS (100 mg/kg) | 10.37 ± 1.12 ** | 319.06 ± 18.32 ** | 2.97 ± 0.17 ** |
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Liu, C.-M.; Tian, Z.-K.; Zhang, Y.-J.; Ming, Q.-L.; Ma, J.-Q.; Ji, L.-P. Effects of Gastrodin against Lead-Induced Brain Injury in Mice Associated with the Wnt/Nrf2 Pathway. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1805. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061805
Liu C-M, Tian Z-K, Zhang Y-J, Ming Q-L, Ma J-Q, Ji L-P. Effects of Gastrodin against Lead-Induced Brain Injury in Mice Associated with the Wnt/Nrf2 Pathway. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1805. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061805
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Chan-Min, Zhi-Kai Tian, Yu-Jia Zhang, Qing-Lei Ming, Jie-Qiong Ma, and Li-Ping Ji. 2020. "Effects of Gastrodin against Lead-Induced Brain Injury in Mice Associated with the Wnt/Nrf2 Pathway" Nutrients 12, no. 6: 1805. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061805
APA StyleLiu, C. -M., Tian, Z. -K., Zhang, Y. -J., Ming, Q. -L., Ma, J. -Q., & Ji, L. -P. (2020). Effects of Gastrodin against Lead-Induced Brain Injury in Mice Associated with the Wnt/Nrf2 Pathway. Nutrients, 12(6), 1805. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061805