A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Finds Increased Blood Levels of All Forms of Ghrelin in Both Restricting and Binge-Eating/Purging Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Eligibility Criteria
2.2. Search Strategy
2.3. Study Selection
2.4. Data Extraction and Synthesis
2.5. Risk of Bias in Individual Studies
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Study Search and Selection
3.2. Study Characteristics
3.3. Meta-Analysis
3.3.1. Fasting Total Ghrelin Levels in Acute AN
3.3.2. Fasting Ghrelin Levels in AN in Longitudinal Studies
4. Discussion
4.1. Ghrelin at the Acute State
4.2. Ghrelin at Follow-Up
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean | SD | Min | Max | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age at baseline | 22.56 | 3.72 | 17.00 | 28.9 |
BMI at baseline | 14.94 | 1.49 | 12.40 | 17.8 |
BMI delta | −1.71 | 1.24 | −0.1 | −4.40 |
Duration to follow-up | 94.62 | 89.56 | 30 | 365 |
Estimate | SE | p | 95% CI, L | 95%, CI, U | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 0.19 | 0.37 | 0.64 | −1.13 | 1.52 |
BMI baseline | −1.13 | 1.36 | 0.47 | −5.78 | 3.51 |
BMI delta | 0.83 | 1.41 | 0.60 | −3.86 | 5.53 |
Duration to follow-up | −0.01 | 0.01 | 0.74 | −0.07 | 0.06 |
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Seidel, M.; Markmann Jensen, S.; Healy, D.; Dureja, A.; Watson, H.J.; Holst, B.; Bulik, C.M.; Sjögren, J.M. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Finds Increased Blood Levels of All Forms of Ghrelin in Both Restricting and Binge-Eating/Purging Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients 2021, 13, 709. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020709
Seidel M, Markmann Jensen S, Healy D, Dureja A, Watson HJ, Holst B, Bulik CM, Sjögren JM. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Finds Increased Blood Levels of All Forms of Ghrelin in Both Restricting and Binge-Eating/Purging Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients. 2021; 13(2):709. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020709
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeidel, Maria, Signe Markmann Jensen, Darren Healy, Aakriti Dureja, Hunna J. Watson, Birgitte Holst, Cynthia M. Bulik, and Jan Magnus Sjögren. 2021. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Finds Increased Blood Levels of All Forms of Ghrelin in Both Restricting and Binge-Eating/Purging Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa" Nutrients 13, no. 2: 709. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020709
APA StyleSeidel, M., Markmann Jensen, S., Healy, D., Dureja, A., Watson, H. J., Holst, B., Bulik, C. M., & Sjögren, J. M. (2021). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Finds Increased Blood Levels of All Forms of Ghrelin in Both Restricting and Binge-Eating/Purging Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa. Nutrients, 13(2), 709. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020709