Optimal Bowel Preparation Method to Visualize the Distal Ileum via Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient and Ethics
2.2. SBCE Examination
2.3. Assessment of the SBCE Images and Scoring System
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics and Study Overview
3.2. Differences in Visibility at the Last 10 min during the Period Observing the Distal Ileum
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bile/chyme staining |
4 points: No bile |
3 points: Some bile/chyme staining present, not interfering with observations |
2 points: Quite a lot of bile/chyme staining, slightly hindering observations |
1 point: Large amount of bile/chyme staining, hindering observations |
Fluid and debris |
4 points: No fluid and debris |
3 points: Some fluid and debris present, not interfering with observations |
2 points: Quite a lot of fluid and debris, slightly hindering observations |
1 point: Large amount of fluid and debris, hindering observations |
Brightness |
4 points: Bright |
3 points: Slightly dark, not interfering with observations |
2 points: Quite dark, slightly hindering observations |
1 point: Quite dark, hindering observations |
Bubble reduction |
4 points: Bubbles are observed of <20% on the image |
3 points: Bubbles are observed of 20–49% on the image |
2 points: Bubbles are observed of 50–79% on the image |
1 point: Bubbles are observed of ≥80% on the image |
Visualized mucosa |
4 points: Visualization of ≥80% of mucosa |
3 points: Visualization of 50–79% of mucosa |
2 points: Visualization of 20–49% of mucosa |
1 point: Visualization of <20% of mucosa |
Intestinal collapse |
Observed (collapsed) or not observed (not collapsed) |
Group A (No Preparation) | Group B (PEG) | Group C (MC) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Subjects number | 51 | 123 | 85 | |
Age (years, mean ± SD) | 63.7 ± 17.5 | 67.1 ± 18.0 | 63.2 ± 17.9 | NS |
Sex (male/female) | 36/15 | 70/53 | 51/34 | NS |
Gastric transit time (min, mean ± SD) | 54.2 ± 73.0 | 66.1 ± 62.9 | 55.4 ± 58.1 | NS |
Small bowel transit time (min, mean ± SD) | 355.7 ± 182.9 | 296.6 ± 149.9 | 311.2 ± 138.9 | NS |
Indication of VCE n (%) | NS | |||
OGIB | 36 (70.6) | 84 (68.3) | 45 (52.9) | |
Abdominal pain | 4 (7.8) | 5 (4.0) | 6 (7.1) | |
Abnormal bowel movement | 1 (2.0) | 6 (4.9) | 9 (10.6) | |
IBD (suspected) | 5 (9.8) | 8 (6.5) | 16 (18.8) | |
Tumor | 3 (5.9) | 14 (11.4) | 7 (8.2) | |
Others | 2 (3.9) | 6 (4.9) | 2 (2.4) |
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Share and Cite
Kametaka, D.; Ito, M.; Kawano, S.; Ishiyama, S.; Fujiwara, A.; Nasu, J.; Yoshioka, M.; Shiode, J.; Yamamoto, K.; Iwamuro, M.; et al. Optimal Bowel Preparation Method to Visualize the Distal Ileum via Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy. Diagnostics 2023, 13, 3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203269
Kametaka D, Ito M, Kawano S, Ishiyama S, Fujiwara A, Nasu J, Yoshioka M, Shiode J, Yamamoto K, Iwamuro M, et al. Optimal Bowel Preparation Method to Visualize the Distal Ileum via Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy. Diagnostics. 2023; 13(20):3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203269
Chicago/Turabian StyleKametaka, Daisuke, Mamoru Ito, Seiji Kawano, Shuhei Ishiyama, Akiko Fujiwara, Junichirou Nasu, Masao Yoshioka, Junji Shiode, Kazuhide Yamamoto, Masaya Iwamuro, and et al. 2023. "Optimal Bowel Preparation Method to Visualize the Distal Ileum via Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy" Diagnostics 13, no. 20: 3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203269
APA StyleKametaka, D., Ito, M., Kawano, S., Ishiyama, S., Fujiwara, A., Nasu, J., Yoshioka, M., Shiode, J., Yamamoto, K., Iwamuro, M., Kawahara, Y., Okada, H., & Otsuka, M. (2023). Optimal Bowel Preparation Method to Visualize the Distal Ileum via Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy. Diagnostics, 13(20), 3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13203269