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Inorganics
Volume 8
Issue 1
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Inorganics, Volume 8, Issue 1 (January 2020) – 7 articles

Cover Story (view full-size image): Coordination-driven self-assembly methodology has been extensively used to construct bi- or tri-dimensional discrete architectures that are generally achiral and highly symmetric. New synthetic methodologies are therefore being developed to afford chiral metalla-assembled architectures, and one of the strategies consists in thermodynamically controlling the self-sorting of multiple building blocks. In particular, chiral self-sorting can be spontaneously achieved from a racemic mixture upon metal coordination. In this work, we describe the construction of two chiral face-rotating metalla-assembled polyhedra upon self-assembly of an achiral truxene-based ligand and hydroxyquinonato diruthenium complexes. The self-sorting process leading to only two homochiral enantiomers (CC and AA) is governed by noncovalent interactions between both truxene units facing each other. View this paper.
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5 pages, 220 KiB  
Editorial
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Inorganics in 2019
by Inorganics Editorial Office
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010007 - 17 Jan 2020
Viewed by 1726
Abstract
The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not. [...] Full article
59 pages, 11275 KiB  
Review
Magnetic Materials and Systems: Domain Structure Visualization and Other Characterization Techniques for the Application in the Materials Science and Biomedicine
by Roberto Nisticò, Federico Cesano and Francesca Garello
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010006 - 17 Jan 2020
Cited by 53 | Viewed by 14985
Abstract
Magnetic structures have attracted a great interest due to their multiple applications, from physics to biomedicine. Several techniques are currently employed to investigate magnetic characteristics and other physicochemical properties of magnetic structures. The major objective of this review is to summarize the current [...] Read more.
Magnetic structures have attracted a great interest due to their multiple applications, from physics to biomedicine. Several techniques are currently employed to investigate magnetic characteristics and other physicochemical properties of magnetic structures. The major objective of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the usage, advances, advantages, and disadvantages of a large number of techniques that are currently available to characterize magnetic systems. The present review, aiming at helping in the choice of the most suitable method as appropriate, is divided into three sections dedicated to characterization techniques. Firstly, the magnetism and magnetization (hysteresis) techniques are introduced. Secondly, the visualization methods of the domain structures by means of different probes are illustrated. Lastly, the characterization of magnetic nanosystems in view of possible biomedical applications is discussed, including the exploitation of magnetism in imaging for cell tracking/visualization of pathological alterations in living systems (mainly by magnetic resonance imaging, MRI). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Tools for Smart Applications: New Insights into Inorganic Magnetic Systems and Materials)
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19 pages, 3098 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Evaluation of 99mTc-Tricabonyl Labeled Isonitrile Conjugates for Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Image
by Nadeem Ahmed Lodhi, Ji Yong Park, Kyuwan Kim, Mi Kyung Hong, Young Joo Kim, Yun-Sang Lee, Gi Jeong Cheon, Keon Wook Kang and Jae Min Jeong
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010005 - 14 Jan 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4348
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a biomarker expressed on the surface of prostate cancer (PCa). In an effort to improve the detection and treatment of PCa, small urea-based PSMA inhibitors have been studied extensively. In the present study, we aimed to develop 99m [...] Read more.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a biomarker expressed on the surface of prostate cancer (PCa). In an effort to improve the detection and treatment of PCa, small urea-based PSMA inhibitors have been studied extensively. In the present study, we aimed to develop 99mTc-tricabonyl labeled urea-based PSMA conjugates containing isonitrile (CN-R)-coordinating ligands ([99mTc]Tc-15 and [99mTc]Tc-16). Both the PSMA conjugates were obtained at high radiochemical efficiency (≥98.5%). High in vitro binding affinity was observed for [99mTc]Tc-15 and [99mTc]Tc-16 (Kd = 5.5 and 0.2 nM, respectively) in PSMA-expressing 22Rv1 cells. Tumor xenografts were conducted using 22Rv1 cells and rapid accumulation of [99mTc]Tc-16 (1.87 ± 0.11% ID/g) was observed at 1 h post-injection, which subsequently increased to (2.83 ± 0.26% ID/g) at 4 h post-injection. However, [99mTc]Tc-15 showed moderate tumor uptake (1.48 ± 0.18% ID/g), which decreased at 4 h post-injection (0.81 ± 0.09% ID/g). [99mTc]Tc-16 was excreted from non-targeted tissues with high tumor-to-blood (17:1) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (41:1) at 4 h post-injection at approximately 4 times higher levels than [99mTc]Tc-15. Uptakes of [99mTc]Tc-15 and [99mTc]Tc-16 to PSMA-expressing tumor and tissues were significantly blocked by co-injection of 2-(Phosphonomethyl)-pentandioic acid (2-PMPA), suggesting that their uptakes are mediated by PSMA specifically. Whole-body single photon emission computed tomography imaging of [99mTc]Tc-16 verified the ex vivo biodistribution results and demonstrated clear visualization of tumors and tissues expressing PSMA compared to [99mTc]Tc-15. In conclusion, using [99mTc]Tc-16 rather than [99mTc]Tc-15 may be the preferable because of its relatively high tumor uptake and retention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Technetium Chemistry)
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17 pages, 4216 KiB  
Article
Heteroleptic [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] Compounds with Isomeric Dibromo-1,10-Phenanthroline Ligands
by Isaak Nohara, Aramis Keller, Nikolai Tarassenko, Alessandro Prescimone, Edwin C. Constable and Catherine E. Housecroft
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010004 - 10 Jan 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4387
Abstract
A series of [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] compounds are reported in which N^N is 2,9-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (2,9-Br2phen), 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (3,8-Br2phen) or 4,7-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (4,7-Br2phen) and P^P is bis(2-(diphenylphosphano)phenyl)ether (POP) or 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphano)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (xantphos). The compounds were characterized by solution multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, [...] Read more.
A series of [Cu(P^P)(N^N)][PF6] compounds are reported in which N^N is 2,9-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (2,9-Br2phen), 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (3,8-Br2phen) or 4,7-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline (4,7-Br2phen) and P^P is bis(2-(diphenylphosphano)phenyl)ether (POP) or 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphano)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (xantphos). The compounds were characterized by solution multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and a single-crystal X-ray analysis. Each compound underwent a partially reversible or irreversible copper-centred oxidation, the highest potential being for 2,9-Br2phen-containing compounds. In solution, the compounds are weak yellow or orange emitters, whereas powdered samples exhibit yellow emissions with photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 45% for [Cu(xantphos)(2,9-Br2phen)][PF6] with an excited state lifetime τ1/2 = 9.9 μs. Values of λemmax for [Cu(POP)(2,9-Br2phen)][PF6] and [Cu(xantphos)(2,9-Br2phen)][PF6] are blue-shifted with respect to compounds with the 3,8-and 4,7-isomers, both in solution and in the solid state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photochemistry & Photophysics of Transition Metal Complexes)
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36 pages, 10334 KiB  
Review
Nitrido Technetium-99 m Core in Radiopharmaceutical Applications: Four Decades of Research
by Cristina Bolzati and Alessandro Dolmella
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010003 - 31 Dec 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5245
Abstract
The knowledge on element 43 (Tc) of the periodic table, built over the years through the contributions given by the close relationship between chemistry and nuclear medicine, allowed the development of new and increasingly effective radiopharmaceuticals useful both as perfusion and target specific [...] Read more.
The knowledge on element 43 (Tc) of the periodic table, built over the years through the contributions given by the close relationship between chemistry and nuclear medicine, allowed the development of new and increasingly effective radiopharmaceuticals useful both as perfusion and target specific imaging agents for SPECT (single photon emission tomography). Among the manifold Tc-compounds, Tc(V) nitrido complexes played a relevant role in the search for new technetium-99m radiopharmaceuticals, providing efficient labeling procedures that can be conveniently exploited for the design and synthesis of agents, also incorporating small organic molecules or peptides having defined structural features. With this work, we present an overview of four decades of research on the chemistry and on the nuclear medicine applications of Tc(V) nitrido complexes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Technetium Chemistry)
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10 pages, 2045 KiB  
Review
Thermotropic Liquid-Crystalline Materials Based on Supramolecular Coordination Complexes
by Bruno Therrien
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010002 - 22 Dec 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3571
Abstract
Liquid crystals are among us, in living organisms and in electronic devices, and they have contributed to the development of our modern society. Traditionally developed by organic chemists, the field of liquid-crystalline materials is now involving chemists and physicists of all domains (computational, [...] Read more.
Liquid crystals are among us, in living organisms and in electronic devices, and they have contributed to the development of our modern society. Traditionally developed by organic chemists, the field of liquid-crystalline materials is now involving chemists and physicists of all domains (computational, physical, inorganic, supramolecular, electro-chemistry, polymers, materials, etc.,). Such diversity in researchers confirms that the field remains highly active and that new applications can be foreseen in the future. In this review, liquid-crystalline materials developed around coordination complexes are presented, focusing on those showing thermotropic behavior, a relatively unexplored family of compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Coordination Rings and Cages)
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12 pages, 2453 KiB  
Communication
Chiral Self-Sorting in Truxene-Based Metallacages
by Simon Séjourné, Antoine Labrunie, Clément Dalinot, Amina Benchohra, Vincent Carré, Frédéric Aubriet, Magali Allain, Marc Sallé and Sébastien Goeb
Inorganics 2020, 8(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8010001 - 20 Dec 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4317
Abstract
Two chiral face-rotating metalla-assembled polyhedra were constructed upon self-assembling achiral components, i.e., a tritopic ligand based on a truxene core (10,15-dihydro-5H-diindeno[1,2-a;1′,2′-c]fluorene) and two different hydroxyquinonato–bridged diruthenium complexes. Both polyhedra were characterized in solution as well as in the solid state by X-ray crystallography. [...] Read more.
Two chiral face-rotating metalla-assembled polyhedra were constructed upon self-assembling achiral components, i.e., a tritopic ligand based on a truxene core (10,15-dihydro-5H-diindeno[1,2-a;1′,2′-c]fluorene) and two different hydroxyquinonato–bridged diruthenium complexes. Both polyhedra were characterized in solution as well as in the solid state by X-ray crystallography. In both cases, the self-sorting process leading to only two homo-chiral enantiomers was governed by non-covalent interactions between both truxene units that faced each other. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Coordination Rings and Cages)
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