Obesity, Physical Fitness and Inflammation in the Elderly
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Anthropometrics
2.4. Physical Fitness
2.5. Inflammation
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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BMI | p Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Normal Weight | Overweight | Obese | ||
n (%) | 234 (17.5) | 590 (44.1) | 514 (38.4) | |
Men | 69 (16.8) | 221 (53.8) | 122 (29.0) | <0.001 |
Women | 165 (17.7) | 369 (39.8) | 392 (42.4) | |
Institution | 47 (20.1) | 116 (19.7) | 107 (20.8) | 0.892 |
Community | 187 (79.9) | 474 (80.3) | 407 (79.2) | |
Exercise | 139 (59.4) | 364 (61.7) | 308 (59.9) | 0.761 |
No exercise | 95 (40.6) | 225 (38.1) | 206 (40.1) | |
Single | 26 (11.1) | 53 (9.0) | 43 (8.4) | 0.211 |
Married | 105 (44.9) | 241 (40.8) | 191 (37.2) | |
Widowed | 98 (41.9) | 278 (47.1) | 268 (52.1) | |
Divorced | 5 (2.1) | 18 (3.1) | 12 (2.3) | |
Mean (sd) | ||||
Age (years) | 79.4 (6.7) | 78.1 (5.9) | 77.6 (5.5) | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 56.4 (7.5) | 68.1 (8.0) | 81.0 (12.4) | <0.001 |
Waist Circumference (cm) | 84.3 (8.0) | 97.9 (42.7) | 108.8 (50.4) | <0.001 |
Hip Circumference (cm) | 95.0 (6.4) | 101.8 (7.3) | 112.9 (9.8) | <0.001 |
Arm Circumference (cm) | 26.3 (2.3) | 29.0 (2.4) | 32.3 (3.0) | <0.001 |
Thigh Circumference (cm) | 46.1 (7.6) | 68.1 (8.0) | 54.1 (9.4) | <0.001 |
Median (Range) | Normal Weight | Overweight | Obesity |
---|---|---|---|
Handgrip Test (kilograms) | 20.00 (6.8) | 21.8 (8.0) | 22.3 (7.0) ** |
Strength to weight ratio | 0.38 (0.12) † | 0.35 (0.12) †† | 0.29 (0.09) |
6 Min Walk Test (meters) | 353.2 (215.6) * | 346.0 (190.0) | 311.0 (212.3) |
Distance to weight ratio | 6.6 (3.92) † | 5.3 (2.99) †† | 4.1 (2.77) |
Median (Range) | Normal Weight (NW) | Overweight (OW) | Obesity (OB) |
---|---|---|---|
Handgrip Test (kg) | 31.5 (12.8) | 33.0 (12.0) | 32.0 (13.0) |
Strength to weight ratio | 0.51 (0.17) ** | 0.45 (0.14) *** | 0.36 (0.15) |
6 Min Walk Test (meters) | 418.5 (181.0) * | 406.0 (176.5) | 376.0 (138.3) |
Distance to weight ratio | 6.9 (2.70) ** | 5.5 (2.23) *** | 4.2 (1.82) |
Parameter | Beta (B) | p-Value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | 8.560 | <0.001 | 5.894; 11.225 |
Age (years) | −0.022 | 0.827 | −0.219; 0.175 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.182 | 0.220 | −0.111; 0.474 |
6 min Walking Test (meters) | 0.028 | <0.001 | 0.018; 0.038 |
C-reactive protein—Hs-CRP (mg/L) | −0.213 | 0.048 | −0.424; −0.002 |
Vitamin D—25(OH) D (ng/mL) | 0.098 | 0.034 | 0.008; 0.189 |
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Silva, B.; Camões, M.; Simões, M.; Bezerra, P. Obesity, Physical Fitness and Inflammation in the Elderly. Geriatrics 2017, 2, 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2040030
Silva B, Camões M, Simões M, Bezerra P. Obesity, Physical Fitness and Inflammation in the Elderly. Geriatrics. 2017; 2(4):30. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2040030
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilva, Bruno, Miguel Camões, Mário Simões, and Pedro Bezerra. 2017. "Obesity, Physical Fitness and Inflammation in the Elderly" Geriatrics 2, no. 4: 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2040030
APA StyleSilva, B., Camões, M., Simões, M., & Bezerra, P. (2017). Obesity, Physical Fitness and Inflammation in the Elderly. Geriatrics, 2(4), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics2040030