Magnetochemistry

12 pages, 6321 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Exploring the Effects of Synthetic and Postsynthetic Grinding on the Properties of the Spin Crossover Material [Fe(atrz)₃](BF₄)₂ (atrz = 4-Amino-4H-1,2,4-Triazole)

by Jed H. Askew, David M. Pickup, Gareth O. Lloyd, Alan V. Chadwick and Helena J. Shepherd

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030044 - 15 Sep 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2534

Abstract

The effects of mechanochemical synthesis and postsynthetic grinding on the spin crossover material [Fe(atrz)₃](BF₄)₂ was examined in detail using a combination of X-ray diffraction, magnetometry, EXAFS and TEM. Mechanochemical synthesis yielded a different polymorph (β-phase) to the solution [...] Read more.

The effects of mechanochemical synthesis and postsynthetic grinding on the spin crossover material [Fe(atrz)₃](BF₄)₂ was examined in detail using a combination of X-ray diffraction, magnetometry, EXAFS and TEM. Mechanochemical synthesis yielded a different polymorph (β-phase) to the solution synthesised sample (α-phase), with a lower temperature spin crossover. Milling duration did not significantly affect this temperature but did result in the production of smaller nanoparticles with a narrower size distribution. It is also possible to convert from α- to the β-phase via postsynthetic grinding. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Applications and Developments in Spin Crossover Systems)

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9 pages, 3346 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fluctuation Effects of Magnetohydrodynamic Micro-Vortices on Odd Chirality in Magnetoelectrolysis

by Iwao Mogi, Ryoichi Aogaki and Kohki Takahashi

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030043 - 10 Sep 2020

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2097

Abstract

The magnetic field dependence of chiral surface formation was investigated in magnetoelectrodeposition (MED) and magnetoelectrochemical etching (MEE) of copper films. The MED and MEE was conducted in magnetic fields of up to 5 T, which were parallel or antiparallel to the ionic currents. [...] Read more.

The magnetic field dependence of chiral surface formation was investigated in magnetoelectrodeposition (MED) and magnetoelectrochemical etching (MEE) of copper films. The MED and MEE was conducted in magnetic fields of up to 5 T, which were parallel or antiparallel to the ionic currents. The MED films prepared in high magnetic fields of 5 and 3 T exhibited odd chirality for magnetic field polarity, as expected on the basis of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) vortex model. However, the films prepared in the lower fields of 2.5 and 2 T exhibited breaking of odd chirality. Similar magnetic field dependence was observed in the surface chirality of MEE films. These results imply that the fluctuation in the self-organized state of micro-MHD vortices is responsible for the breaking of odd chirality. Full article

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8 pages, 1719 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hydrogen Peroxide-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of BiFeO₃ Microspheres and Their Dielectric Behavior

by Asad Syed, Ashoka Siddaramanna, Abdallah M. Elgorban, D. A. Hakeem and G. Nagaraju

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030042 - 9 Sep 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2366

Abstract

Despite considerable efforts undertaken in a rapidly developing area of multiferroic research, synthesis of phase pure BiFeO₃ is still a matter of intensive research. In this work, we report the shape-controlled synthesis of pure BiFeO₃ microspheres via a facile hydrothermal route. [...] Read more.

Despite considerable efforts undertaken in a rapidly developing area of multiferroic research, synthesis of phase pure BiFeO₃ is still a matter of intensive research. In this work, we report the shape-controlled synthesis of pure BiFeO₃ microspheres via a facile hydrothermal route. The prepared BiFeO₃ powder has been characterized using powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Thermal analysis (DTA), Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), and impedance spectroscopy. Powder XRD analysis confirms the formation of pure rhombohedrally distorted perovskite with R3c space group. Scanning electron micrograph revealed that the prepared BiFeO₃ microspheres are nearly spherical in shape with uniform size distribution. The BiFeO₃ microspheres exhibit a dielectric constant value of ~110 at 1000 KHz, which is higher than the BiFeO₃ prepared by conventional solid-state reaction and sol–gel method. Variation of dielectric constant with temperature at different frequencies shows that the BiFeO₃ has a dielectric anomaly of ferroelectric to paraelectric type at 1093 K and this phenomenon is well supported by TGA results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Nanoparticles 2020)

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20 pages, 3579 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans Yeast Cells Labeled with Fe(III) Complexes as MRI Probes

by Akanksha Patel, Didar Asik, Eric M. Snyder, Joseph A. Spernyak, Paul J. Cullen and Janet R. Morrow

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030041 - 4 Sep 2020

Viewed by 4631

Abstract

The development of MRI probes is of interest for labeling antibiotic-resistant fungal infections based on yeast. Our work showed that yeast cells can be labeled with high-spin Fe(III) complexes to produce enhanced T₂ water proton relaxation. These Fe(III)-based macrocyclic complexes contained a [...] Read more.

The development of MRI probes is of interest for labeling antibiotic-resistant fungal infections based on yeast. Our work showed that yeast cells can be labeled with high-spin Fe(III) complexes to produce enhanced T₂ water proton relaxation. These Fe(III)-based macrocyclic complexes contained a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane framework, two pendant alcohol groups, and either a non-coordinating ancillary group and a bound water molecule or a third coordinating pendant. The Fe(III) complexes that had an open coordination site associated strongly with Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon incubation, as shown by screening using Z-spectra analysis. The incubation of one Fe(III) complex with either Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Candida albicans yeast led to an interaction with the β-glucan-based cell wall, as shown by the ready retrieval of the complex by the bidentate chelator called maltol. Other conditions, such as a heat shock treatment of the complexes, produced Fe(III) complex uptake that could not be reversed by the addition of maltol. Appending a fluorescence dye to Fe(TOB) led to uptake through secretory pathways, as shown by confocal fluorescence microscopy and by the incomplete retrieval of the Fe(III) complex by the maltol treatment. Yeast cells that were labeled with these Fe(III) complexes displayed enhanced water proton T₂ relaxation, both for S. cerevisiae and for yeast and hyphal forms of C. albicans. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transition-Metal Contrast Agents for MRI)

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5 pages, 370 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

The Dynamics of Domain Wall Motion in Spintronics

by Diego Bisero

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030040 - 2 Sep 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2899

Abstract

A general equation describing the motion of domain walls in a magnetic thin film in the presence of an external magnetic field has been reported in this paper. The equation includes all the contributions from the effects of domain wall inertia, damping and [...] Read more.

A general equation describing the motion of domain walls in a magnetic thin film in the presence of an external magnetic field has been reported in this paper. The equation includes all the contributions from the effects of domain wall inertia, damping and stiffness. The effective mass of the domain wall, the effects of both the interaction of the DW with the imperfections in the material and damping have been calculated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Magnetic Materials)

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14 pages, 27028 KiB

Open AccessPerspective

Designing Magnetic NanoMOFs for Biomedicine: Current Trends and Applications

by Mariangela Oggianu, Noemi Monni, Valentina Mameli, Carla Cannas, Suchithra Ashoka Sahadevan and Maria Laura Mercuri

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030039 - 1 Sep 2020

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3507

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown a great potential in biomedicine due to their promising applications in different fields, including drug delivery, thermometry, theranostics etc. In this context, the development of magnetic sub-micrometric or nanometric MOFs through miniaturization approaches of magnetic MOFs up to [...] Read more.

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown a great potential in biomedicine due to their promising applications in different fields, including drug delivery, thermometry, theranostics etc. In this context, the development of magnetic sub-micrometric or nanometric MOFs through miniaturization approaches of magnetic MOFs up to the nanoscale still represents a crucial step to fabricate biomedical probes, especially in the field of theranostic nanomedicine. Miniaturization processes have to be properly designed to tailor the size and shape of particles and to retain magnetic properties and high porosity in the same material, fundamental prerequisites to develop smart nanocarriers integrating simultaneously therapeutic and contrast agents for targeted chemotherapy or other specific clinical use. An overview of current trends on the design of magnetic nanoMOFs in the field of biomedicine, with particular emphasis on theranostics and bioimaging, is herein envisioned. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Magnetochemistry)

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13 pages, 2209 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Water Diffusion Modulates the CEST Effect on Tb(III)-Mesoporous Silica Probes

by Fabio Carniato, Giuseppe Ferrauto, Mónica Muñoz-Úbeda and Lorenzo Tei

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030038 - 1 Sep 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2403

Abstract

The anchoring of lanthanide(III) chelates on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) allowed their investigation as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents. Since their efficiency is strongly related to the interaction occurring between Ln-chelates and “bulk” [...] Read more.

The anchoring of lanthanide(III) chelates on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) allowed their investigation as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents. Since their efficiency is strongly related to the interaction occurring between Ln-chelates and “bulk” water, an estimation of the water diffusion inside MSNs channels is very relevant. Herein, a method based on the exploitation of the CEST properties of TbDO3A-MSNs was applied to evaluate the effect of water diffusion inside MSN channels. Two MSNs, namely MCM-41 and SBA-15, with different pores size distributions were functionalized with TbDO3A-like chelates and polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules and characterized by HR-TEM microscopy, IR spectroscopy, N₂ physisorption, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The different distribution of Tb-complexes in the two systems, mainly on the external surface in case of MCM-41 or inside the internal pores for SBA-15, resulted in variable CEST efficiency. Since water molecules diffuse slowly inside silica channels, the CEST effect of the LnDO3A-SBA-15 system was found to be one order of magnitude lower than in the case of TbDO3A-MCM-41. The latter system reaches an excellent sensitivity of ca. 55 ± 5 μM, which is useful for future theranostic or imaging applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Paramagnetic MRI Contrast Agents Based on the Use of Lanthanides and Transition Metals Complexes: From Small Molecules to Supramolecular Systems)

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5 pages, 1734 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Asymmetric Magnetoelectrochemistry: An Efficient Method to Grow Enantiopure Self-Assemble Monolayer

by Suryakant Mishra and Debkumar Bhowmick

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030037 - 1 Sep 2020

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2661

Abstract

In this work, we are presenting magnetic field dependent electrochemical method to grow enantiopure monolayer. Thiol gold monolayer formation by redox reaction is studied on gold coated ferromagnetic surface. Infrared and photoemission spectroscopies are used to probe the quality of the monolayers, grown [...] Read more.

In this work, we are presenting magnetic field dependent electrochemical method to grow enantiopure monolayer. Thiol gold monolayer formation by redox reaction is studied on gold coated ferromagnetic surface. Infrared and photoemission spectroscopies are used to probe the quality of the monolayers, grown using different direction of magnetization of surface. Commercially available chiral molecules, L-cysteine along with dsDNA are used as control molecules for the measurements. Since it is established by aligning the electron spin within the surface, it helps to adsorb specific enantiomer of molecules, we have shown how direction of the magnet helps to grow good quality monolayer. Potential application of this work is in improving quality of monolayer and chiral separation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Magnetization and Polarization for Molecules and Materials)

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11 pages, 2610 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can the Double Exchange Cause Antiferromagnetic Spin Alignment?

by Andrew Palii, Juan M. Clemente-Juan, Sergey Aldoshin, Denis Korchagin, Evgenii Golosov, Shmuel Zilberg and Boris Tsukerblat

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030036 - 28 Aug 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2929

Abstract

The effect of the double exchange in a square-planar mixed-valence

d^{n + 1} - d^{n + 1} - d^{n} - d^{n}

–type tetramers comprising two excess electrons delocalized over four spin cores is discussed. The detailed analysis of a [...] Read more.

The effect of the double exchange in a square-planar mixed-valence

d^{n + 1} - d^{n + 1} - d^{n} - d^{n}

–type tetramers comprising two excess electrons delocalized over four spin cores is discussed. The detailed analysis of a relatively simple

d^{2} - d^{2} - d^{1} - d^{1}

–type tetramer shows that in system with the delocalized electronic pair the double exchange is able to produce antiferromagnetic spin alignment. This is drastically different from the customary ferromagnetic effect of the double exchange which is well established for mixed-valence dimers and tetramers with one excess electron or hole. That is why the question “Can double exchange cause antiferromagnetic spin alignment?” became the title of this article. As an answer to this question the qualitative and quantitative study revealed that due to antiparallel directions of spins of the two mobile electrons which give competitive contributions to the overall polarization of spin cores, the system entirely becomes antiferromagnetic. It has been also shown that depending on the relative strength of the second-order double exchange and Heisenberg–Dirac–Van Vleck exchange the system has either the ground localized spin-triplet or the ground delocalized spin-singlet. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Magnetochemistry)

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26 pages, 2932 KiB

Open AccessReview

Spin-Crossover Complexes in Direct Contact with Surfaces

by Manuel Gruber and Richard Berndt

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030035 - 27 Aug 2020

Cited by 52 | Viewed by 6065

Abstract

The transfer of the inherent bistability of spin crossover compounds to surfaces has attracted considerable interest in recent years. The deposition of the complexes on surfaces allows investigating them individually and to further understand the microscopic mechanisms at play. Moreover, it offers the [...] Read more.

The transfer of the inherent bistability of spin crossover compounds to surfaces has attracted considerable interest in recent years. The deposition of the complexes on surfaces allows investigating them individually and to further understand the microscopic mechanisms at play. Moreover, it offers the prospect of engineering switchable functional surfaces. We review recent progress in the field with a particular focus on the challenges and limits associated with the dominant experimental techniques used, namely near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). One of the main difficulties in NEXAFS-based experiments is to ascertain that the complexes are in direct contact with the surfaces. We show that molecular coverage determination based on the amplitude of the edge-jump of interest is challenging because the latter quantity depends on the substrate. Furthermore, NEXAFS averages the signals of a large number of molecules, which may be in different states. In particular, we highlight that the signal of fragmented molecules is difficult to distinguish from that of intact and functional ones. In contrast, STM allows investigating individual complexes, but the identification of the spin states is at best done indirectly. As quite some of the limits of the techniques are becoming apparent as the field is gaining maturity, their detailed descriptions will be useful for future investigations and for taking a fresh look at earlier reports. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Applications and Developments in Spin Crossover Systems)

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13 pages, 3921 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Redox Modulation of Field-Induced Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Single-Molecule Magnets of Dysprosium

by Siham Tiaouinine, Jessica Flores Gonzalez, Vincent Montigaud, Carlo Andrea Mattei, Vincent Dorcet, Lakhmici Kaboub, Vladimir Cherkasov, Olivier Cador, Boris Le Guennic, Lahcène Ouahab, Viacheslav Kuropatov and Fabrice Pointillart

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030034 - 19 Aug 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2629

Abstract

The complexes [Dy₂(tta)₆(H2SQ)] (Dy-H₂SQ) and [Dy₂(tta)₆(Q)]·2CH₂Cl₂ (Dy-Q) (tta⁻ = 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) were obtained from the coordination reaction of the Dy(tta)₃·2H [...] Read more.

The complexes [Dy₂(tta)₆(H2SQ)] (Dy-H₂SQ) and [Dy₂(tta)₆(Q)]·2CH₂Cl₂ (Dy-Q) (tta⁻ = 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) were obtained from the coordination reaction of the Dy(tta)₃·2H₂O units with the 2,2′-benzene-1,4-diylbis(6-hydroxy-4,7-di-tert-butyl-1,3-benzodithiol-2-ylium-5-olate ligand (H₂SQ) and its oxidized form 2,2′-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diylidenebis(4,7-di-tert-butyl-1,3-benzodithiole-5,6-dione (Q). The chemical oxidation of H₂SQ in Q induced an increase in the coordination number from 7 to 8 around the Dy^III ions and by consequence a modulation of the field-induced Single-Molecule Magnet behavior. Computational results rationalized the magnetic properties of each of the dinuclear complexes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Magnetic Anisotropy to Molecular Magnets: Theory and Experiments)

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10 pages, 2088 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Chemical Structure and Magnetism of FeO_x/Fe₂O₃ Interface Studied by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

by Ahmed Yousef Mohamed, Won Goo Park and Deok-Yong Cho

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030033 - 14 Aug 2020

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5153

Abstract

The chemical and magnetic states of Fe/Fe₂O₃ thin films prepared by e-beam evaporation were investigated by using element-specific techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). It was clearly shown that the Fe layers are oxidized to [...] Read more.

The chemical and magnetic states of Fe/Fe₂O₃ thin films prepared by e-beam evaporation were investigated by using element-specific techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). It was clearly shown that the Fe layers are oxidized to form an antiferromagnetic (AFM) FeO_x<1, while the bottom oxide remained a weak ferromagnet (wFM) (α+γ)-type Fe₂O₃. Dependences of the peak intensities and lineshapes on the Fe thickness and measurement geometry further demonstrate that FeO_x<1 layers reside mostly at the interface realizing an FM (Fe)/AFM (FeO_x)/wFM (Fe₂O₃), whilst the spin directions lie in the sample plane for all the samples. The self-stabilized intermediate oxide can act as a physical barrier for spins to be injected into the wFM oxide, implying a substantial influence on tailoring the spin tunneling efficiency for spintronics application. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Spin Crossover and Spintronics)

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28 pages, 8098 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Putting the Squeeze on Molecule-Based Magnets: Exploiting Pressure to Develop Magneto-Structural Correlations in Paramagnetic Coordination Compounds

by Alvaro Etcheverry-Berrios, Simon Parsons, Konstantin V. Kamenev, Michael R. Probert, Stephen A. Moggach, Mark Murrie and Euan K. Brechin

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030032 - 12 Aug 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3986

Abstract

The cornerstone of molecular magnetism is a detailed understanding of the relationship between structure and magnetic behaviour, i.e., the development of magneto-structural correlations. Traditionally, the synthetic chemist approaches this challenge by making multiple compounds that share a similar magnetic core but differ in [...] Read more.

The cornerstone of molecular magnetism is a detailed understanding of the relationship between structure and magnetic behaviour, i.e., the development of magneto-structural correlations. Traditionally, the synthetic chemist approaches this challenge by making multiple compounds that share a similar magnetic core but differ in peripheral ligation. Changes in the ligand framework induce changes in the bond angles and distances around the metal ions, which are manifested in changes to magnetic susceptibility and magnetisation data. This approach requires the synthesis of a series of different ligands and assumes that the chemical/electronic nature of the ligands and their coordination to the metal, the nature and number of counter ions and how they are positioned in the crystal lattice, and the molecular and crystallographic symmetry have no effect on the measured magnetic properties. In short, the assumption is that everything outwith the magnetic core is inconsequential, which is a huge oversimplification. The ideal scenario would be to have the same complex available in multiple structural conformations, and this is something that can be achieved through the application of external hydrostatic pressure, correlating structural changes observed through high-pressure single crystal X-ray crystallography with changes observed in high-pressure magnetometry, in tandem with high-pressure inelastic neutron scattering (INS), high-pressure electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and high-pressure absorption/emission/Raman spectroscopy. In this review, which summarises our work in this area over the last 15 years, we show that the application of pressure to molecule-based magnets can (reversibly) (1) lead to changes in bond angles, distances, and Jahn–Teller orientations; (2) break and form bonds; (3) induce polymerisation/depolymerisation; (4) enforce multiple phase transitions; (5) instigate piezochromism; (6) change the magnitude and sign of pairwise exchange interactions and magnetic anisotropy, and (7) lead to significant increases in magnetic ordering temperatures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Properties at Extreme Conditions)

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9 pages, 3118 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anomalous Pressure Effects on the Electrical Conductivity of the Spin Crossover Complex [Fe(pyrazine){Au(CN)₂}₂]

by Andrei-Cristian Gheorghe, Yurii S. Bibik, Olesia I. Kucheriv, Diana D. Barakhtii, Marin-Vlad Boicu, Ionela Rusu, Andrei Diaconu, Il’ya A. Gural’skiy, Gábor Molnár and Aurelian Rotaru

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030031 - 31 Jul 2020

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3210

Abstract

We studied the spin-state dependence of the electrical conductivity of two nanocrystalline powder samples of the spin crossover complex [Fe(pyrazine){Au(CN)₂}₂]. By applying an external pressure (up to 3 kbar), we were able to tune the charge transport properties of [...] Read more.

We studied the spin-state dependence of the electrical conductivity of two nanocrystalline powder samples of the spin crossover complex [Fe(pyrazine){Au(CN)₂}₂]. By applying an external pressure (up to 3 kbar), we were able to tune the charge transport properties of the material from a more conductive low spin state to a crossover point toward a more conductive high spin state. We rationalize these results by taking into account the spin-state dependence of the activation parameters of the conductivity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Magnetochemistry)

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18 pages, 2896 KiB

Open AccessReview

Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Purposes: Modern Trends and Prospects

by Tatyana I. Shabatina, Olga I. Vernaya, Vladimir P. Shabatin and Mikhail Ya. Melnikov

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030030 - 17 Jul 2020

Cited by 101 | Viewed by 6764

Abstract

The presented paper is a review article discussing existing synthesis methods and different applications of nanosized magnetic nanoparticles. It was shown that, in addition to the spectrum of properties typical for nanomaterials (primarily a large specific surface area and a high fraction of [...] Read more.

The presented paper is a review article discussing existing synthesis methods and different applications of nanosized magnetic nanoparticles. It was shown that, in addition to the spectrum of properties typical for nanomaterials (primarily a large specific surface area and a high fraction of surface atoms), magnetic nanoparticles also possess superparamagnetic properties that contribute to their formation of an important class of biomedical functional nanomaterials. This primarily concerns iron oxides magnetite and maghemite, for which in vitro and in vivo studies have shown low toxicity and high biocompatibility in comparison with other magnetic nanomaterials. Due to their exceptional chemical, biological, and physical properties, they are widely used in various areas, such as magnetic hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, magnetic separation of biological objects (cells, bacteria, viruses, DNA, and proteins), and magnetic diagnostics (they are used as agents for MRS and immunoassay). In addition to discussing the main problems and prospects of using nanoparticles of magnetic iron oxides for advanced biomedical applications, information is also reflected on their structure, production methods, and properties. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Nanoparticles 2020)

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14 pages, 2786 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Spin Crossover in Bipyridine Derivative Bridged One-Dimensional Iron(III) Coordination Polymer

by Ryuta Ishikawa, Takeshi Noda, Shunya Ueno, Takashi Okubo, Hirofumi Yamakawa, Ken-ichi Sakamoto and Satoshi Kawata

Magnetochemistry 2020, 6(3), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6030029 - 1 Jul 2020

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3713

Abstract

Herein, the syntheses, solid-state molecular structures, and characterization of two types of one-dimensional Fe^III coordination polymers showing thermally induced spin crossover are reported. The reaction of [Fe(acen)Cl] (acen²⁻ = N,N′-ethylenebis(acetylacetonylideneaminate) with 3,3′-bpy or 4,4′-bpy (bpy = bipyridine) produced [...] Read more.

Herein, the syntheses, solid-state molecular structures, and characterization of two types of one-dimensional Fe^III coordination polymers showing thermally induced spin crossover are reported. The reaction of [Fe(acen)Cl] (acen²⁻ = N,N′-ethylenebis(acetylacetonylideneaminate) with 3,3′-bpy or 4,4′-bpy (bpy = bipyridine) produced zigzag and linear one-dimensional chain complexes, [Fe(acen)(3,3′-bpy)][BPh₄] (1) or [NEt₃H][Fe(acen)(4,4′-bpy)][BPh₄]₂·0.5(4,4′-bpy) (2), respectively, as confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Variable-temperature single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements, continuous-wave X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra, ⁵⁷Fe Mössßauer spectra, and DC magnetic susceptibility data revealed that complex 1 exhibited a gradual and complete spin crossover at a transition temperature of 212 K, while complex 2 undergoes an incomplete spin crossover even at 400 K. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stimuli-Responsive Magnetic Molecular Materials)

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Magnetochemistry, Volume 6, Issue 3 (September 2020) – 16 articles

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