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Agronomy
Special Issues
Modern In Vitro Technologies for Developing Horticulture
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Modern In Vitro Technologies for Developing Horticulture

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Horticultural and Floricultural Crops".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 3162

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Matteo Caser

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Forest, and Food Sciences, DISAFA, Ornamental Crops and Landscape Design, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
Interests: micropropagation; horticulture; floriculture; medicinal and aromatic plants; sustainable cultivation; soilless cultivation; abiotic stress; secondary metabolites; biostimulants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Horticultural businesses, including those that sell ornamental and medicinal plants, always seek new trends and niches to increase product sales. Innovative in vitro techniques are constantly being developed via academic research and experimental trials. This Special Issue aims to record the most recent and novel findings for the development of micropropagation technologies for developing the horticultural sector, with particular interest in sustainable production, biodiversity conservation, and plant protection.

Dr. Matteo Caser
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ornamentals
  • horticulture
  • medicinal plants
  • bioreactor
  • stress tolerance
  • cyropreservation genetic modification
  • micropropagation
  • nanotechnology
  • bioeconomy
  • genomics
  • somaclonal variability
  • omics
  • genetic engineering
  • in vitro
  • stress resilience
  • endangered species
  • rare species
  • biodiversity

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 6554 KiB  
Article
The Influence of the Hybrid Compound Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF on the Growth of Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews) Cultured In Vitro: A Preliminary Study
by Carlos Alberto Cruz-Cruz, Xóchitl De Jesús García-Zárate, José Luis Spinoso-Castillo, Rodolfo Peña-Rodríguez, Raúl Colorado-Peralta, Ricardo Sánchez-Páez and Jericó Jabín Bello-Bello
Agronomy 2024, 14(9), 1880; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091880 - 23 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 546
Abstract
Hybrid compounds have a significant impact on agriculture as slow macro- and micronutrient administration systems. This study aimed to evaluate the synthesis and effect of the hybrid compound Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF in different concentrations on the in vitro growth of vanilla [...] Read more.
Hybrid compounds have a significant impact on agriculture as slow macro- and micronutrient administration systems. This study aimed to evaluate the synthesis and effect of the hybrid compound Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF in different concentrations on the in vitro growth of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks. ex Andrews). A total of 13 vanilla plantlets per treatment were cultivated in test tubes with semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and without growth regulators and treated with 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 mg L−1 of Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF. After 60 days of culture, we evaluated different morphological and biochemical parameters, such as shoot length, root length, the number of roots, the number of leaves, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compound content. Our results showed that the Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF at 10 mg L−1 concentration increased plantlet length. Furthermore, we observed an increase in root length and number with the 5 and 10 mg L−1 concentrations, and a decrease in these same parameters with the 15 and 30 mg L−1 Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF concentrations. There were no significant differences regarding the number of leaves or total chlorophyll content. As for the antioxidant capacity, we observed an increase with 5, 10, and 15 mg L−1 of Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF and a decrease with the highest concentration. Finally, the phenolic and carotenoid content decreased with the 15 and 30 mg L−1 Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF concentrations compared to the control. In conclusion, the hybrid compound Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF showed beneficial effects on the growth, physiology, and biochemistry of V. planifolia in vitro when plants were treated at low concentrations. Additionally, the high concentrations used in this study did not induce toxicity. Our findings suggest that Nd(NO3)3@Zn-MOF could be used as a biostimulant in vanilla during its in vitro culture. However, due to the hormetic effect and the possible different reactions of different genotypes, this requires further detailed research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern In Vitro Technologies for Developing Horticulture)
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17 pages, 2918 KiB  
Article
Indirect Organogenesis of Calendula officinalis L. and Comparative Phytochemical Studies of Field-Grown and In Vitro-Regenerated Tissues
by Tooba Fatima, A. Mujib, Yashika Bansal, Yaser Hassan Dewir and Nóra Mendler-Drienyovszki
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1743; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081743 - 8 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1027
Abstract
Calendula officinalis L. is an important medicinal and ornamental plant possessing multiple bioactive compounds. The in vitro plant regeneration method has recently replaced traditional field cultivation practices of calendula due to its fascinating phytochemical profile. In this study, callus formation and indirect organogenesis [...] Read more.
Calendula officinalis L. is an important medicinal and ornamental plant possessing multiple bioactive compounds. The in vitro plant regeneration method has recently replaced traditional field cultivation practices of calendula due to its fascinating phytochemical profile. In this study, callus formation and indirect organogenesis were described to establish an effective in vitro propagation strategy in C. officinalis. Using a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) approach, the phytochemical content of tissues developed in vitro and field-grown was studied, and the biochemical contents were quantified and compared in various tissues. The incidence of callus formation from leaf explants was highest (94.44%) on MS medium fortified with 1.0 mg/L BAP and 1.0 mg/L NAA, which later became organogenic. On MS, 1.0 mg/L BAP and 1.0 mg/L NAA showed the highest indirect shoot proliferation (88.88%) efficiency. After being sub-cultured, the regenerated shootlets were cultured onto rooting medium containing different IAA/IBA concentrations; the best rooting percentage (94.44%) was achieved with 1.0 mg/L IBA. The biochemical parameters, like total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and DPPH scavenging activity, were measured. When compared to callus and field-grown developed leaf (donor) samples, all the biochemical characteristics of in vitro-produced leaf were noted to be higher. The methanolic extracts of leaf-callus and field-grown and in vitro-developed leaf tissues were subject to GC–MS-based phytocompound investigation. More than 45 therapeutically significant bioactive chemicals, like n-hexadecanoic acid, vitamin E, stigmasterol, and squalene were found in these samples. These results showed that the callus that is formed from in vitro leaf is a reliable and powerful source of several bioactive compounds with a wide range of medicinal uses. The successful stimulation of callus development, indirect organogenesis, biochemical analysis, and GC–MS confirmation of the presence of significant phytocompounds are all described in this study. This work provides a different avenue for ongoing and sustained synthesis of chemicals without endangering the surrounding ecosystem or native vegetation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern In Vitro Technologies for Developing Horticulture)
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16 pages, 4307 KiB  
Article
Micropropagation of Al-Taif Rose: Effects of Medium Constituents and Light on In Vitro Rooting and Acclimatization
by Ali Mohsen Al-Ali, Yaser Hassan Dewir and Rashid Sultan Al-Obeed
Agronomy 2024, 14(6), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14061120 - 24 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1119
Abstract
Micropropagation facilitates the rapid production of roses. Nevertheless, in vitro rhizogenesis of essential oil roses has presented significant challenges, primarily attributed to low rates of rooting and poorer acclimatization compared to ornamental rose varieties. This study reports the optimization of in vitro rooting [...] Read more.
Micropropagation facilitates the rapid production of roses. Nevertheless, in vitro rhizogenesis of essential oil roses has presented significant challenges, primarily attributed to low rates of rooting and poorer acclimatization compared to ornamental rose varieties. This study reports the optimization of in vitro rooting of Al-Taif rose (Rosa damascena f. trigintipetala (Diek) R. Keller) microshoots with the aim of increasing survival rate during acclimatization. We also investigated the effects of various parameters, including type and concentration of auxin (i.e., 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA), and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/L), salt strength (i.e., full- and half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium), sucrose concentration (i.e., 20, 30, 40, 60, and 80 g/L), light spectra (a 2:1 or 1:2 blue/red spectral ratio, cool or warm white light at a 1:1 ratio, and fluorescent light), light intensity (photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) values of 25, 50, and 100 µmol·m−2·s−1), and activated charcoal (i.e., 0 and 0.5 g/L) on the rooting and growth of in vitro regenerated Al-Taif rose axillary shoots. We found that half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L NAA, 80 g/L sucrose, 0.5 g/L activated charcoal, and 50 μmol·m−2·s−1 PPFD were the optimal conditions for 100% induction of adventitious roots. Next, micropropagated Al-Taif rose plantlets were successfully transferred to a potting medium containing perlite/peatmoss (in a 1:1 ratio). We found that 98% of plants survived ex vitro conditions. The genetic fidelity of micropropagated Al-Taif rose clones along with their mother plant was tested using the inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular marker. The genetic similarity between the micropropagated plantlets and the mother plant of Al-Taif rose plants was 98.8%, revealing high uniformity and true-to-type regenerated plants. These findings may therefore contribute toward the commercial micropropagation of Al-Taif roses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern In Vitro Technologies for Developing Horticulture)
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