Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "ROS, RNS and RSS".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 5645

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
Interests: plant-stress physiology; plant nutrition; plant electrophysiology; plant–microbial interaction; plant molecular biology; plant evolution
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Guest Editor
School of Science, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
Interests: agricultural science; greenhouse horticulture; plant stress biology; evolutionary biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants have been challenged by oxidative stress since their first appearance on land, and they are equipped with effective antioxidant defense systems to dynamically regulate the status of oxidative stress during their life cycle. On the other hand, plants have also developed the capability to use reactive oxygen species (ROS, the most important source of oxidative stress) as signals in order to activate further defense pathways against unpredictable oxidative stress events, which can be generated by a wide array of environmental stressors. In the ever-evolving world of plant biology, therefore, the intricate dance between oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms has always been a subject of paramount significance. As plants navigate a fluctuant environment fraught with abiotic and biotic stressors, their ability to modulate and harness the effects of oxidative stress becomes a cornerstone of their resilience and adaptability.

This Special Issue of Antioxidants, entitled "Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants", aims to unravel the multifaceted aspects of oxidative stress encountered by plants and the ingenious strategies they employ to combat it. We invite researchers to submit original research articles and reviews that explore the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in plant physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and biotechnology. We are particularly interested in studies that address the following topics:

  • The regulation of ROS production and scavenging in different plant organs and tissues;
  • The signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in oxidative stress responses and antioxidant gene expression;
  • The cross-talk between oxidative stress and other abiotic and biotic stresses;
  • The cross-talk between ROS and the other signaling molecules like calcium and nitric oxide etc. in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses;
  • The modulation of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense by phytohormones, metabolites, and epigenetic factors;
  • New methodology of detecting ROS or visualizing oxidative stress in live plant organs, tissues and cells;
  • The manipulation of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense for improving plant productivity, quality, and stress tolerance.

Prof. Dr. Fanrong Zeng
Prof. Dr. Zhong-Hua Chen
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 5278 KiB  
Article
Priming of Exogenous Salicylic Acid under Field Conditions Enhances Crop Yield through Resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae by Modulating Phytohormones and Antioxidant Enzymes
by Wannaporn Thepbandit, Anake Srisuwan and Dusit Athinuwat
Antioxidants 2024, 13(9), 1055; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091055 - 30 Aug 2024
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Abstract
This study explores the impact of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) alongside conventional treatment by farmers providing positive (Mancozeb 80 % WP) and negative (water) controls on rice plants (Oryza sativa L.), focusing on antioxidant enzyme activities, phytohormone levels, disease resistance, and yield [...] Read more.
This study explores the impact of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) alongside conventional treatment by farmers providing positive (Mancozeb 80 % WP) and negative (water) controls on rice plants (Oryza sativa L.), focusing on antioxidant enzyme activities, phytohormone levels, disease resistance, and yield components under greenhouse and field conditions. In greenhouse assays, SA application significantly enhanced the activities of peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) within 12–24 h post-inoculation (hpi) with Magnaporthe oryzae. Additionally, SA-treated plants showed higher levels of endogenous SA and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) within 24 hpi compared to the controls. In terms of disease resistance, SA-treated plants exhibited a reduced severity of rice blast under greenhouse conditions, with a significant decrease in disease symptoms compared to negative control treatment. The field study was extended over three consecutive crop seasons during 2021–2023, further examining the efficacy of SA in regular agricultural practice settings. The SA treatment consistently led to a reduction in rice blast disease severity across all three seasons. Yield-related parameters such as plant height, the number of tillers and panicles per hill, grains per panicle, and 1000-grain weight all showed improvements under SA treatment compared to both positive and negative control treatments. Specifically, SA-treated plants yielded higher grain outputs in all three crop seasons, underscoring the potential of SA as a growth enhancer and as a protective agent against rice blast disease under both controlled and field conditions. These findings state the broad-spectrum benefits of SA application in rice cultivation, highlighting its role not only in bolstering plant defense mechanisms and growth under greenhouse conditions but also in enhancing yield and disease resistance in field settings across multiple crop cycles. This research presents valuable insights into the practical applications of SA in improving rice plant resilience and productivity, offering a promising approach for sustainable agriculture practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants)
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20 pages, 3524 KiB  
Article
Can Rice Growth Substrate Substitute Rapeseed Growth Substrate in Rapeseed Blanket Seedling Technology? Lesson from Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Scavenging Analysis
by Kaige Yi, Yun Ren, Hui Zhang, Baogang Lin, Pengfei Hao and Shuijin Hua
Antioxidants 2024, 13(8), 1022; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13081022 - 22 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings suffering from inappropriate growth substrate stress will present poor seedling quality. However, the regulatory mechanism for the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by this type of stress remains unclear. In the current study, [...] Read more.
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) seedlings suffering from inappropriate growth substrate stress will present poor seedling quality. However, the regulatory mechanism for the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by this type of stress remains unclear. In the current study, a split plot experiment design was implemented with two crop growth substrates—a rice growth substrate (RIS) and rapeseed growth substrate (RAS)—as the main plot and two genotypes—a hybrid and an open-pollinated variety (Zheyouza 1510 and Zheyou 51, respectively)—as the sub-plot. The seedling quality was assessed, and the ROS production/scavenging capacity was evaluated. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems, including ascorbic acid and glutathione metabolism, and RNA-seq data were analyzed under the two growth substrate treatments. The results revealed that rapeseed seedling quality decreased under RIS, with the plant height, maximum leaf length and width, and aboveground dry matter being reduced by 187.7%, 64.6%, 73.2%, and 63.8% on average, respectively, as compared to RAS. The main type of ROS accumulated in rapeseed plants was hydrogen peroxide, which was 47.8% and 14.1% higher under RIS than under RAS in the two genotypes, respectively. The scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in Zheyouza 1510 was the result of a combination of enzymatic systems, with significantly higher peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity as well as glutathione metabolism, with significantly higher reduced glutathione (GSH) content, under RAS, while higher oxidized glutathione (GSSH) was observed under RIS. However, the scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in Zheyou 51 was the result of a combination of elevated oxidized ascorbic acid (DHA) under RIS and higher GSH content under RAS. The identified gene expression levels were in accordance with the observed enzyme expression levels. The results suggest that the cost of substituting RAS with RIS is a reduction in rapeseed seedling quality contributing to excessive ROS production and a reduction in ROS scavenging capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants)
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15 pages, 3335 KiB  
Article
GDSL Lipase Gene HTA1 Negatively Regulates Heat Tolerance in Rice Seedlings by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation
by Rui Su, Jingkai Luo, Yingfeng Wang, Yunhua Xiao, Xiong Liu, Huabing Deng, Xuedan Lu, Qiuhong Chen, Guihua Chen, Wenbang Tang and Guilian Zhang
Antioxidants 2024, 13(5), 592; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050592 - 11 May 2024
Viewed by 1077
Abstract
High temperature is a significant environmental stress that limits plant growth and agricultural productivity. GDSL lipase is a hydrolytic enzyme with a conserved GDSL sequence at the N-terminus, which has various biological functions, such as participating in plant growth, development, lipid metabolism, and [...] Read more.
High temperature is a significant environmental stress that limits plant growth and agricultural productivity. GDSL lipase is a hydrolytic enzyme with a conserved GDSL sequence at the N-terminus, which has various biological functions, such as participating in plant growth, development, lipid metabolism, and stress resistance. However, little is known about the function of the GDSL lipase gene in the heat tolerance of rice. Here, we characterized a lipase family protein coding gene HTA1, which was significantly induced by high temperature in rice. Rice seedlings in which the mutant hta1 was knocked out showed enhanced heat tolerance, whereas the overexpressing HTA1 showed more sensitivity to heat stress. Under heat stress, hta1 could reduce plant membrane damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and elevate the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that mutant hta1 significantly activated gene expression in antioxidant enzymes, heat response, and defense. In conclusion, our results suggest that HTA1 negatively regulates heat stress tolerance by modulating the ROS accumulation and the expression of heat-responsive and defense-related genes in rice seedlings. This research will provide a valuable resource for utilizing HTA1 to improve crop heat tolerance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants)
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13 pages, 658 KiB  
Opinion
Antioxidant Agriculture for Stress-Resilient Crop Production: Field Practice
by Yao Sun, Xianzhi Xie and Chang-Jie Jiang
Antioxidants 2024, 13(2), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020164 - 27 Jan 2024
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2178
Abstract
Oxidative stress, resulting from the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, is a common and major cause of cellular damage in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. To address this challenge, we introduce the concept of antioxidant agriculture as a comprehensive strategy to [...] Read more.
Oxidative stress, resulting from the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, is a common and major cause of cellular damage in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. To address this challenge, we introduce the concept of antioxidant agriculture as a comprehensive strategy to improve stress tolerance and thus crop productivity by minimizing oxidative stress levels in the field environment. This strategy encompasses a diverse range of approaches, including genetic engineering, the exogenous application of antioxidant agents, microbial inoculation, and agronomic practices, to reinforce the plant’s intrinsic antioxidant defense system and mitigate oxidative stress. We present recent successful studies of antioxidant measures that have been validated in field conditions, along with our perspective on achieving antioxidant agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense in Plants)
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