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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects
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Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2020) | Viewed by 16466

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Alexandros Georgakilas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece
Interests: radiation biology; cancer biology; DNA damage and repair; oxidative stress; carcinogenesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The exposure of cells and organisms to oxidative stress is an everyday parameter built into their life and evolution for thousands or even millions of years. From simple cellular systems to complex biological systems like tissues or organs, it is important to know how each system responds to oxidative injury to DNA, proteins, or lipids. In addition, which are the biological defense mechanisms and the final short- and long-term effects? Are there any methodologies to follow these late effects?

Authors are invited to submit manuscripts dealing with the mechanisms or phenomena that can lead to any type of oxidative lesions in any biological system, or even methods papers. We live in the era of omics, therefore, teams working on this field by the means of bioinformatics and any type of omics are welcome.

Nowadays, most people accept the notion that we are what we eat. Groups working on natural antioxidants and on the role of nutrition in the overall oxidative stress status are also invited to contribute a research or review paper.

Last, but not least, intriguing questions have been raised over the last years related to the possible applications of all of the above knowledge in the clinic towards the cure or beneficial treatment of various diseases.

Prof. Dr. Alexandros Georgakilas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Oxidative stress
  • Cellular damage
  • Biological effects of oxidation
  • Response to damage
  • Antioxidants
  • Repair of DNA, proteins, and lipids
  • Bioinformatics
  • Clinical effects of cellular oxidation

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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14 pages, 8516 KiB  
Article
The NADPH Oxidase Isoform 1 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Mediated DNA Damage in the Kidney
by Anna Zimnol, Nora Spicker, Ronja Balhorn, Katrin Schröder and Nicole Schupp
Antioxidants 2020, 9(7), 586; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9070586 - 5 Jul 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3006
Abstract
In higher concentrations, the blood pressure regulating hormone angiotensin II leads to vasoconstriction, hypertension, and oxidative stress by activating NADPH oxidases which are a major enzymatic source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). With the help of knockout animals, the impact of the three [...] Read more.
In higher concentrations, the blood pressure regulating hormone angiotensin II leads to vasoconstriction, hypertension, and oxidative stress by activating NADPH oxidases which are a major enzymatic source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). With the help of knockout animals, the impact of the three predominant NADPH oxidases present in the kidney, i.e., Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4 on angiotensin II-induced oxidative damage was studied. Male wildtype (WT) C57BL/6 mice, Nox1-, Nox2- and Nox4-deficient mice were equipped with osmotic minipumps, delivering either vehicle (PBS) or angiotensin II, for 28 days. Angiotensin II increased blood pressure and urinary albumin levels significantly in all treated mouse strains. In Nox1 knockout mice these increases were significantly lower than in WT, or Nox2 knockout mice. In WT mice, angiotensin II also raised systemic oxidative stress, ROS formation and DNA lesions in the kidney. A local significantly increased ROS production was also found in Nox2 and Nox4 knockout mice but not in Nox1 knockout mice who further had significantly lower systemic oxidative stress and DNA damage than WT animals. Nox2 and Nox4 knockout mice had increased basal DNA damage, concealing possible angiotensin II-induced increases. In conclusion, in the kidney, Nox1 seemed to play a role in angiotensin II-induced DNA damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects)
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20 pages, 6069 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome Analyses of lncRNAs in A2E-Stressed Retinal Epithelial Cells Unveil Advanced Links between Metabolic Impairments Related to Oxidative Stress and Retinitis Pigmentosa
by Luigi Donato, Concetta Scimone, Simona Alibrandi, Carmela Rinaldi, Antonina Sidoti and Rosalia D’Angelo
Antioxidants 2020, 9(4), 318; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9040318 - 15 Apr 2020
Cited by 51 | Viewed by 4134
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are untranslated transcripts which regulate many biological processes. Changes in lncRNA expression pattern are well-known related to various human disorders, such as ocular diseases. Among them, retinitis pigmentosa, one of the most heterogeneous inherited disorder, is strictly related to [...] Read more.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are untranslated transcripts which regulate many biological processes. Changes in lncRNA expression pattern are well-known related to various human disorders, such as ocular diseases. Among them, retinitis pigmentosa, one of the most heterogeneous inherited disorder, is strictly related to oxidative stress. However, little is known about regulative aspects able to link oxidative stress to etiopathogenesis of retinitis. Thus, we realized a total RNA-Seq experiment, analyzing human retinal pigment epithelium cells treated by the oxidant agent N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), considering three independent experimental groups (untreated control cells, cells treated for 3 h and cells treated for 6 h). Differentially expressed lncRNAs were filtered out, explored with specific tools and databases, and finally subjected to pathway analysis. We detected 3,3’-overlapping ncRNAs, 107 antisense, 24 sense-intronic, four sense-overlapping and 227 lincRNAs very differentially expressed throughout all considered time points. Analyzed lncRNAs could be involved in several biochemical pathways related to compromised response to oxidative stress, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism impairment, melanin biosynthetic process alteration, deficiency in cellular response to amino acid starvation, unbalanced regulation of cofactor metabolic process, all leading to retinal cell death. The explored lncRNAs could play a relevant role in retinitis pigmentosa etiopathogenesis, and seem to be the ideal candidate for novel molecular markers and therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects)
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15 pages, 1991 KiB  
Article
Targeting G-quadruplexes with Organic Dyes: Chelerythrine–DNA Binding Elucidated by Combining Molecular Modeling and Optical Spectroscopy
by Alessio Terenzi, Hugo Gattuso, Angelo Spinello, Bernhard K. Keppler, Christophe Chipot, François Dehez, Giampaolo Barone and Antonio Monari
Antioxidants 2019, 8(10), 472; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100472 - 10 Oct 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3830
Abstract
The DNA-binding of the natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid chelerythrine (CHE) has been assessed by combining molecular modeling and optical absorption spectroscopy. Specifically, both double-helical (B-DNA) and G-quadruplex sequences—representative of different topologies and possessing biological relevance, such as telomeric or regulatory sequences—have been considered. An [...] Read more.
The DNA-binding of the natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid chelerythrine (CHE) has been assessed by combining molecular modeling and optical absorption spectroscopy. Specifically, both double-helical (B-DNA) and G-quadruplex sequences—representative of different topologies and possessing biological relevance, such as telomeric or regulatory sequences—have been considered. An original multiscale protocol, making use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations, allowed us to compare the theoretical and experimental circular dichroism spectra of the different DNA topologies, readily providing atomic-level details of the CHE–DNA binding modes. The binding selectivity towards G-quadruplexes is confirmed by both experimental and theoretical determination of the binding free energies. Overall, our mixed computational and experimental approach is able to shed light on the interaction of small molecules with different DNA conformations. In particular, CHE may be seen as the building block of promising drug candidates specifically targeting G-quadruplexes for both antitumoral and antiviral purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects)
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11 pages, 1443 KiB  
Article
Human DNA Telomeres in Presence of Oxidative Lesions: The Crucial Role of Electrostatic Interactions on the Stability of Guanine Quadruplexes
by Cecilia Hognon, Adrien Gebus, Giampaolo Barone and Antonio Monari
Antioxidants 2019, 8(9), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8090337 - 22 Aug 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3120
Abstract
By using all atom molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the behavior of human DNA telomere sequences in guanine quadruplex (G4) conformation and in the presence of oxidative lesions, namely abasic sites. In particular, we evidenced that while removing one guanine base induces a [...] Read more.
By using all atom molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the behavior of human DNA telomere sequences in guanine quadruplex (G4) conformation and in the presence of oxidative lesions, namely abasic sites. In particular, we evidenced that while removing one guanine base induces a significant alteration and destabilization of the involved leaflet, human telomere oligomers tend, in most cases, to maintain at least a partial quadruplex structure, eventually by replacing the empty site with undamaged guanines of different leaflets. This study shows that (i) the disruption of the quadruplex leaflets induces the release of at least one of the potassium cations embedded in the quadruplex channel and that (ii) the electrostatic interactions of the DNA sequence with the aforementioned cations are fundamental to the maintenance of the global quadruplex structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects)
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1 pages, 183 KiB  
Erratum
Erratum: Abidar, S.; et al. The Aqueous Extract from Ceratonia siliqua Leaves Protects against 6-Hydroxydopamine in Zebrafish: Understanding the Underlying Mechanism. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 304
by Sara Abidar, Razvan Stefan Boiangiu, Gabriela Dumitru, Elena Todirascu-Ciornea, Amina Amakran, Oana Cioanca, Lucian Hritcu and Mohamed Nhiri
Antioxidants 2020, 9(6), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060508 - 9 Jun 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1630
Abstract
The authors wish to make the following correction to their paper [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage and Biological Clinical Effects)
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