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Advances in Additive Manufacturing: Processing, Design, and Industrial Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Industrial Technologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 12833

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Additive manufacturing (AM) has become an underpinning technology for many industries, such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and defense. In this Special Issue, we aim to publish high-quality research articles in advances in additive manufacturing: processing, design, industrial applications, and their related topics. This includes but is not limited to process optimization, design for additive manufacturing, topology optimization, new technologies, process–microstructure–property, characterization of AM parts, modeling, post-processing, metamaterials, functional materials, surface modification, artificial intelligence, materials characterization, scaling up, process integration, and education of AM processes. New applications are welcome, too. We invite researchers in AM to contribute original research, reviews, commentaries, perspectives, and future outlooks on related topics. We will also discuss technological breakthroughs and the latest developments in the formats of both short communications and full papers. The goal of this Special Issue is to invite the research and industrial community by addressing the current progress of generation of additive manufacturing which will make a greater impact in our society.

Dr. Hassanin Hany
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • additive manufacturing
  • 4D printing
  • hybrid manufacturing
  • artificial intelligence
  • micro-additive manufacturing
  • nanotechnology
  • functional materials
  • modeling
  • metamaterials

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5370 KiB  
Article
Fabricating TiNiCu Ternary Shape Memory Alloy by Directed Energy Deposition via Elemental Metal Powders
by Yitao Chen, Xinchang Zhang, Mohammad Masud Parvez, Joseph W. Newkirk and Frank Liou
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 4863; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11114863 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3218
Abstract
In this paper, a TiNiCu shape memory alloy single-wall structure was fabricated by the directed energy deposition technique with a mixture of elemental Ti, Ni, and Cu powders following the atomic percentage of Ti50Ni45Cu5 to fully utilize the material flexibility of the additive [...] Read more.
In this paper, a TiNiCu shape memory alloy single-wall structure was fabricated by the directed energy deposition technique with a mixture of elemental Ti, Ni, and Cu powders following the atomic percentage of Ti50Ni45Cu5 to fully utilize the material flexibility of the additive manufacturing process to develop ternary shape memory alloys. The chemical composition, phase, and material properties at multiple locations along the build direction were studied, using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Vickers hardness testing, tensile testing, and differential scanning calorimetry. The location-dependent compositions of martensitic TiNi and austenitic TiNi phases, mechanical properties, and functional properties were investigated in detail. Variations were found in atomic compositions of Ti, Ni, and Cu elements along the build direction due to the complex interaction between elemental powders and laser processing. Good correlations were present among the chemical composition, phase constituent, hardness, and feature of phase transformation temperatures at various locations. The ultimate tensile strength of the as-deposited TiNiCu alloy is comparable with the previously reported additively manufactured TiNi binary alloys. By adding Cu, a much lower thermal hysteresis was achieved, which shows good feasibility of fabricating ternary TiNiCu shape memory alloys, using elemental powders in the directed energy deposition to adjust the thermal hysteresis. Full article
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13 pages, 22665 KiB  
Article
4D Printing of Origami Structures for Minimally Invasive Surgeries Using Functional Scaffold
by Thomas Langford, Abdullah Mohammed, Khamis Essa, Amr Elshaer and Hany Hassanin
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 332; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010332 - 31 Dec 2020
Cited by 61 | Viewed by 6673
Abstract
Origami structures have attracted attention in biomedical applications due to their ability to develop surgical tools that can be expanded from a minimal volume to a larger and functional device. On the other hand, four-dimensional (4D) printing is an emerging technology, which involves [...] Read more.
Origami structures have attracted attention in biomedical applications due to their ability to develop surgical tools that can be expanded from a minimal volume to a larger and functional device. On the other hand, four-dimensional (4D) printing is an emerging technology, which involves 3D printing of smart materials that can respond to external stimuli such as heat. This short communication introduces the proof of concept of merging origami and 4D printing technologies to develop minimally invasive delivery of functional biomedical scaffolds with high shape recovery. The shape-memory effect (SME) of the PLA filament and the origami designs were also assessed in terms of deformability and recovery rate. The results showed that herringbone tessellation origami structure combined with internal natural cancellous bone core satisfies the design requirement of foldable scaffolds. The substantial and consistent SME of the 4D printed herringbone tessellation origami, which exhibited 96% recovery compared to 61% for PLA filament, was the most significant discovery of this paper. The experiments demonstrated how the use of 4D printing in situ with origami structures could achieve reliable and repeatable results, therefore conclusively proving how 4D printing of origami structures can be applied to biomedical scaffolds. Full article
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19 pages, 25066 KiB  
Article
Force Fight and Its Elimination in a Prototype of a Redundant Direct-Drive Avionic Actuator
by Pierre Estival, Rabia Sehab, Guillaume Krebs and Bertrand Barbedette
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(23), 8492; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238492 - 27 Nov 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2059
Abstract
Nowadays, in aeronautical applications, rigorous reliability requirements are high constraints for embedded systems. Therefore, material redundancy is adopted to ensure safety whatever operation conditions may be. In the design of a direct-drive actuator for a specific application, redundancy is taken into account using [...] Read more.
Nowadays, in aeronautical applications, rigorous reliability requirements are high constraints for embedded systems. Therefore, material redundancy is adopted to ensure safety whatever operation conditions may be. In the design of a direct-drive actuator for a specific application, redundancy is taken into account using a compound of four three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). Each two electric machines are mounted in series sharing the same rotor with a common through shaft. The stators of each two electric machines are designed and manufactured as a six-phase machine. For each machine, power supply, sensors, and control loops are independent. In the characterization of the designed actuator and in the validation of its specific control in healthy operation mode and in faulty operation mode, taking into account the force fight phenomenon between the motor lanes, a specific test bench is developed. The aim of this paper is to highlight this phenomenon in faulty operation mode and to develop an easily implementable monitoring architecture, in order to eliminate it. Finally, with the proposed approach of monitoring, the force fight phenomenon is eliminated in faulty operation mode keeping the same performance as in healthy operation mode. Full article
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