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Applied Sciences
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Advances of Electrospun Nanofibers, Nanocomposites and Microparticles
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Advances of Electrospun Nanofibers, Nanocomposites and Microparticles

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Sciences and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2022) | Viewed by 7315

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tomasz Kowalczyk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences (IPPT PAN), Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: electrospinning of nanofibers; regenerative medicine; natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers; tissue engineering; medical devices; drug delivery systems; wound dressings; implants; ring-opening polymerization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electrostatic techniques (electrospinning and electrohydrodynamic spraying - EHD) are one of the most effective methods of micro- and nanomaterial production. They have comparably very high throughput, enabling the construction of materials of different types of polymers. Fragile biomolecules, drugs, or even living cells, can be electrospun or electrospray. As micro- and nanofibers can mimic the natural environment of the living cells, they can be used in many biological and medical applications. These include tissue engineering, construction of medical devices, internal and external wound dressings. Both electrostatic techniques can be applied to construct drug delivery systems and artificial tissues. Nanocomposites are also very valuable materials for biomedical applications.

This Special Issue aims to provide and highlight current research progresses of electrostatic techniques – electrospinning and electrohydrodynamic spraying and nanocomposites applied to produce materials of biological and medical importance.

Prof. Tomasz Kowalczyk
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • electrospun polymer fibers
  • electrohydrodynamic spraying
  • nanocomposites
  • tissue engineering
  • polymeric scaffolds
  • internal and external wound dressings
  • drug delivery systems
  • micro- and bio-encapsulation
  • co-axial and multi-axial electrostatic techniques
  • medical devices

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 5404 KiB  
Article
The Synergic Effect of Primary and Secondary Flame Retardants on the Improvement in the Flame Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Nanocomposites
by Sidra Faryal, Muhammad Zafar, M. Shahid Nazir, Zulfiqar Ali, Manwar Hussain and Syed Muhammad Imran
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 10866; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122110866 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2067
Abstract
Recently, nanocomposites of polymers have attracted attention due to their advanced features compared to their complement polymer microcomposites. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used as a matrix; antimony trioxide (primary flame retardant) and montmorillonite organo-clay (secondary flame retardant), along with benzoflex [...] Read more.
Recently, nanocomposites of polymers have attracted attention due to their advanced features compared to their complement polymer microcomposites. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was used as a matrix; antimony trioxide (primary flame retardant) and montmorillonite organo-clay (secondary flame retardant), along with benzoflex (plasticizer), were used as fillers to examine their synergistic effect. Nanocomposites of various compositions (TPU-1 to TPU-6) were prepared via the melt-mixing method and compressed to form sheets of the desired dimensions with a compression molding hydraulic press machine. Characterization of the samples was conducted with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A tensile test was performed through a universal testing machine (UTM) which showed that the Young’s Modulus improved from 147.348 MPa for the pure sample (TPU-1) to 244.568 MPa for TPU-6. A UL-94 test was executed to observe flame retardance. The sample of interest (TPU-6) achieved V-0 classification in UL-94. All these results confirmed the synergistic effect of primary and secondary flame retardants. An optimum increase in fire resistance and mechanical strength was observed for TPU-6. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Electrospun Nanofibers, Nanocomposites and Microparticles)
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9 pages, 4033 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Structure of a ZnO Nanowire Array on a PVDF Nanofiber Membrane/Nylon Mesh for use in Smart Filters: Photoconductive PM Filters
by Dong Hee Kang, Na Kyong Kim and Hyun Wook Kang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(17), 8006; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178006 - 29 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2543
Abstract
A nanofiber membrane with a high surface-to-volume ratio has advantages in applications such as those used for particulate matter filtration and gas detection. To maximize the potentials of the membrane structure, recent research has been attempted to control nanofiber geometries. In this paper, [...] Read more.
A nanofiber membrane with a high surface-to-volume ratio has advantages in applications such as those used for particulate matter filtration and gas detection. To maximize the potentials of the membrane structure, recent research has been attempted to control nanofiber geometries. In this paper, surface modification of a nanofiber membrane with a metal/ceramic nanostructure is performed to improve multi-functional filter performance, enhancing fine particle filtration and toxic gas absorption. Here, a smart filter is fabricated by electrospinning polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) nanofiber onto a nylon mesh and hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles onto a nanowire array on a PVDF nanofiber surface. On the ZnO nanowires–PVDF nanofiber layer filter, the pressure difference (ΔP = 4.13 kPa) is higher than the pure PVDF nanofiber layer. However, the filtration efficiency is 94.3% for a 0.3 μm particle size, which is higher than that of other sizes. Additionally, a ZnO nanowire array with high density on a PVDF nanofiber layer affects sensitivity (S = 39.37), with high resolution. The photocurrent characteristics of a smart filter have the potential for a photo-assisted redox reaction to detect toxic polar molecules in continuous airflow in real-time in indoor environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Electrospun Nanofibers, Nanocomposites and Microparticles)
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11 pages, 6993 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of a Simultaneous Highly Transparent and Highly Hydrophobic Fibrous Films
by Doo-Hyeb Youn, Kyu-Sung Lee, Sun-Kyu Jung and Mangu Kang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5565; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125565 - 16 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1887
Abstract
This paper discusses the fabrication and characterization of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds made of polystyrene (PS). The scaffolds were characterized in terms of their basis material molecular weight, fiber diameter distribution, contact angles, contact angle hysteresis, and transmittance. We propose an aligned electrospun fiber [...] Read more.
This paper discusses the fabrication and characterization of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds made of polystyrene (PS). The scaffolds were characterized in terms of their basis material molecular weight, fiber diameter distribution, contact angles, contact angle hysteresis, and transmittance. We propose an aligned electrospun fiber scaffold using an alignment tool (alignment jig) for the fabrication of highly hydrophobic (θW > 125°) and highly transparent (T > 80.0%) films. We fabricated the alignment jig to align the electrospun fibers parallel to each other. The correlation between the water contact angles and surface roughness of the aligned electrospun fibers was investigated. We found that the water contact angle increased as the surface roughness was increased. Therefore, the hydrophobic properties of the aligned electrospun fibers were enhanced by increasing the surface roughness. With the change in the electrospinning mode to produce aligned fibers rather than randomly distributed fibers, the transmittance of the aligned electrospun fibers increased. The increase in the porous area, leading to better light transmittance in comparison to randomly distributed light scattering through the aligned electrospun fibers increased with the fibers. Through the above investigation of electrospinning parameters, we obtained the simultaneous transparent (>80%) and hydrophobic (θW > 140°) electrospun fiber scaffold. The aligned electrospun fibers of PS had a maximum transmittance of 91.8% at the electrospinning time of 10 s. The water contact angle (WCA) of the aligned electrospun fibers increased from 77° to 141° as the deposition time increased from 10 s to 40 s. The aligned fibers deposited at 40 s showed highly hydrophobic characteristics (θW > 140°). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Electrospun Nanofibers, Nanocomposites and Microparticles)
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