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Photonic Technologies and Systems Enabling 6G

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 6895

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Guest Editor
Ericsson Research, Via Moruzzi 1 c/o CNR, Ericsson, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: electronics and communication engineering; optics; telecommunications engineering
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Guest Editor
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni - CNIT, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
Interests: optical communications and networks; high capacity systems; quantum communications; photonic integrated circuits; optical networks field trials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The next 6G mobile generation will make extensive use of photonic technologies, both in the traditional application domains of these technologies, such as optical transport networks and data center interconnects, and in the opening of new application domains, such as photonic generation and processing of radio signals. In the optical transport network, 6G will push the need for high capacity and ultra-low latency further, also introducing new requirements, such as the tight synchronization of radio units in distributed MIMO scenarios. With the increase in the geographical density of antennas and their reduction in weight and size, guaranteeing high energy efficiency becomes important. Co-packaged optics (CPO) transceivers can guarantee several terabits of capacity with an energy efficiency of a few joules/bit. Radio over fiber (RFO) and power over fiber (POF) can make radio terminals smaller and less power consuming. Especially when extending the radio spectrum to millimeter-wave or Terahertz, photonics can greatly help in the generation and processing of radio signals with low phase noise, as well as in the implementation of low-loss distribution circuits for radio frequency or timing reference signals or the distribution of antenna signals for optical beamforming. Finally, 6G is expected to use a wider variety of technologies compared to previous mobile generations. Examples are free space optics (FSO), including satellite communications, and photonics-based sensors such as Lidars.

In this Special Issue, we invite submissions exploring the development of photonic technology and systems enabling the next 6G mobile generation. Contributions can focus on systems and devices for radio frequency generation and distribution, optical beamforming, co-packaged optics, radio over fiber, power over fiber, lidars, free space optics, satellite optical communications, and high-speed low-latency fronthaul networks. Survey papers and reviews are also welcomed.

Dr. Fabio Cavaliere
Prof. Dr. Luca Potì
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • co-packaged optical transceivers
  • optical beamforming
  • optics for mm-Wave and THz generation and detection
  • free space optics
  • radio over fiber
  • power over fiber
  • high-speed fronthaul
  • satellite optical communications
  • lidars
  • microwave photonics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 8340 KiB  
Article
6G Network Architecture Using FSO-PDM/PV-OCDMA System with Weather Performance Analysis
by Mehtab Singh, Sahil Nazir Pottoo, Ammar Armghan, Khaled Aliqab, Meshari Alsharari and Somia A. Abd El-Mottaleb
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(22), 11374; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211374 - 9 Nov 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 1962
Abstract
This paper presents a novel 160 Gbps free space optics (FSO) communication system for 6G applications. Polarization division multiplexing (PDM) is integrated with an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) technique to form a PDM-OCDMA hybrid. There are two polarization states: one is [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel 160 Gbps free space optics (FSO) communication system for 6G applications. Polarization division multiplexing (PDM) is integrated with an optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) technique to form a PDM-OCDMA hybrid. There are two polarization states: one is X-polarization generated from adjusting the azimuthal angle of a light source at 0° while the other is Y-polarization which is generated by adjusting the azimuthal angle of a light source at 90°. Each polarization state is used for the transmission of four independent users. Each channel is assigned by permutation vector (PV) codes and carries 20 Gbps data. Four different weather conditions are considered for evaluating the performance of our proposed model. These weather conditions are clear air (CA), foggy conditions (low fog (LF), medium fog (MF), and heavy fog (HF)), dust storms (low dust storm (LD), moderate dust storm (MD), heavy dust storm (HD)), and snowfall (wet snow (WS) and dry snow (DS)). Bit error rate (BER), Q-factors, maximum propagation range, channel capacity, and eye diagrams are used for evaluating the performance of the proposed model. Simulation results assure successful transmission of 160 Gbps overall capacity for eight channels. The longest FSO range is 7 km which occurred under CA while the minimum is achieved under HD, which is 0.112 km due to large attenuation caused by HD. Within fog conditions, the maximum propagation distances are 1.525 km in LF, 1.05 km in MF, and 0.85 km in HF. Likewise, under WS and DS, the proposed system can support transmission distances of 1.15 km and 0.28 km, respectively. All these transmission distances are achieved at BER less than 10−5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Technologies and Systems Enabling 6G)
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14 pages, 4453 KiB  
Article
Compact Broadband Antenna with Vicsek Fractal Slots for WLAN and WiMAX Applications
by Omaima Benkhadda, Sarosh Ahmad, Mohamed Saih, Kebir Chaji, Abdelati Reha, Adnan Ghaffar, Salahuddin Khan, Mohammad Alibakhshikenari and Ernesto Limiti
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1142; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031142 - 21 Jan 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3511
Abstract
This paper aims to design a compact broadband antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) applications. The suggested antenna consists of an octagonal radiator with Vicsek fractal slots and a partial ground plane, it is printed [...] Read more.
This paper aims to design a compact broadband antenna for wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) applications. The suggested antenna consists of an octagonal radiator with Vicsek fractal slots and a partial ground plane, it is printed on FR-4 dielectric substrate, and its global dimension is 50 × 50 × 1.6 mm3. The antenna is designed and constructed using both CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® and CADFEKO electromagnetic solver, and in order to validate the acquired simulation results, the antenna is manufactured and tested using vector network analyzer E5071C. The measurement results show that the designed antenna attains a broadband bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) from 2.48 to 6.7 GHz resonating at 3.6 and 5.3 GHz, respectively. The broadband bandwidth covers the two required bands: WiMAX at the frequencies 2.3/2.5/3.3/3.5/5/5.5 GHz and WLAN at the frequencies 3.6/2.4–2.5/4.9–5.9 GHz. In addition, the suggested antenna provides good gains of 2.78 dBi and 5.32 dBi, omnidirectional measured radiation patterns in the E-plane and the H-plane and high efficiencies of 88.5% and 84.6% at the resonant frequencies. A close agreement of about 90% between simulation and measurement results is noticed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photonic Technologies and Systems Enabling 6G)
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