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3 pages, 178 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue on BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies

by Inhan Kim and Jung In Kim

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5368; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115368 - 26 May 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1827

Abstract

Building information modeling (BIM) has quickly gained attention in the construction industry due to its promising benefits and has become a key technology affecting all phases of construction projects (i.e., design, construction, and operation)[...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

23 pages, 1322 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Structuring a BIM Service Scoping, Tendering, Executing, and Wrapping-Up (STEW) Guide for Public Owners

by Kyoung-Jun Park and Jong-Ho Ock

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3275; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073275 - 23 Mar 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3878

Abstract

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been one of the most dominant trends in the construction industry worldwide. In Korea, since 2012, public construction projects worth more than USD 40 million have been subject to the application of BIM. However, many public owners have [...] Read more.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been one of the most dominant trends in the construction industry worldwide. In Korea, since 2012, public construction projects worth more than USD 40 million have been subject to the application of BIM. However, many public owners have hesitated to adopt BIM for their projects; they generally view BIM as being very complex to manage and difficult to understand. In 2021, the Korean governmental entity in charge of developing the public policies to furnish quality infrastructure requested a variety of individual public owners to prepare BIM guidelines fit to the infrastructures they manage. While there are diverse BIM guides available for them to refer to in preparing the BIM guidelines, these involve certain deficiencies in meeting the public owners’ preferences, such as being tailored for the public procurement process. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the desirable nature of an owner-oriented BIM guide, suggest the structure of the guide, and identify the major advisory contents to be included in the guide. To achieve these research objectives, a number of domestic and international BIM guides were analyzed, and workshops were operated twice with 12 BIM experts from the Korean construction industry. As a result of the study, a four-stage guide structure was developed consisting of the BIM service Scoping, Tendering, Executing, and Wrapping-up (STEW) guides. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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14 pages, 4543 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

New Use of BIM-Origami-Based Techniques for Energy Optimisation of Buildings

by Rubén Muñoz Pavón, Ángela Moreno Bazán, Jorge Jerez Cepa, Antonio A. Arcos Álvarez, Jesús María Alonso Trigueros, Marcos García Alberti and Jaime Reinoso Tellaeche

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1496; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031496 - 30 Jan 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3848

Abstract

Outstanding properties and advanced functionalities of thermal–regulatory by origami-based architecture materials have been shown at various scales. However, in order to model and manage its programmable mechanical properties by Building Information Modelling (BIM) for use in a covering structure is not a simple [...] Read more.

Outstanding properties and advanced functionalities of thermal–regulatory by origami-based architecture materials have been shown at various scales. However, in order to model and manage its programmable mechanical properties by Building Information Modelling (BIM) for use in a covering structure is not a simple task. The aim of this study was to model an element that forms a dynamic shell that prevents or allows the perpendicular incidence of the sun into the infrastructure. Parametric modelling of such complex structures was performed by Grasshopper and Rhinoceros 3D and were rendered by using the V-ray’s plugin. The elements followed the principles of origami to readjust its geometry considering the sun position, changing the shadow in real time depending on the momentary interest. The results of the project show that quadrangular was the most suitable Origami shape for façade elements. In addition, a BIM-based automated system capable of modifying façade elements considering the sun position was performed. The significance of this research relies on the first implementation and design of an Origami constructive element using BIM methodology, showing its viability and opening outstanding future research lines in terms of sustainability and energy efficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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15 pages, 11631 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Intelligent Prediction of Prestressed Steel Structure Construction Safety Based on BP Neural Network

by Haoliang Zhu and Yousong Wang

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1442; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031442 - 28 Jan 2022

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3067

Abstract

In the construction process of a prestressed steel structure, it is a point of research interest to obtain the safety state of the structure according to the design parameters and working conditions of the structure. The intelligent prediction of structural construction safety provides [...] Read more.

In the construction process of a prestressed steel structure, it is a point of research interest to obtain the safety state of the structure according to the design parameters and working conditions of the structure. The intelligent prediction of structural construction safety provides the basis for safety control. This study proposes an intelligent prediction method of structural construction safety based on a back propagation (BP) neural network. Firstly, the correlation mechanism of structural construction safety performance parameters is established, which involves structural design parameters and mechanical parameters. According to the basic principle of a BP neural network, the relationship between design parameters and mechanical parameters is captured. The virtual model of a structure construction process is established based on digital twins (DTs). The DTs and BP neural network are combined to form a structural safety intelligent prediction framework and theoretical method, setting working conditions in a twin model to obtain mechanical parameters. Mechanical parameters are intelligently predicted by design parameters in neural networks. The safety performance of structure construction is evaluated according to mechanical parameters. Finally, the intelligent prediction method is applied to the construction process of string beam. Based on DTs and BP neural network, the intelligent analysis of structural construction safety is carried out. This provides a reliable basis for safety control. The feasibility of this research method is verified by comparing the predicted results of the theoretical method with the measured data on site. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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19 pages, 5792 KiB

Open AccessArticle

BIM Information Standard Framework for Model Integration and Utilization Based on openBIM

by Chanwon Jo and Jungsik Choi

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 9926; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11219926 - 24 Oct 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3242

Abstract

The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is becoming more common in the construction process, and the demand for the integrated use of BIM data is expected to continue increasing. BIM is a technology that can maximize various efficiencies by sharing facility information [...] Read more.

The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is becoming more common in the construction process, and the demand for the integrated use of BIM data is expected to continue increasing. BIM is a technology that can maximize various efficiencies by sharing facility information in an integrated manner; however, the information generated in the life cycle of the construction industry is broad, diverse, and complex. Accordingly, because BIM information is difficult to share and is often duplicated, it is not easy to obtain the effects of various BIMs. The solution to this is to create a systematic standard so that one item of information can be used in various ways, and everyone shares and uses it together. To this end, various standards (guides, classification systems, information standards, etc.) are being created; however, the interrelationships between standard elements are complex, so there is confusion and overlap between standards. This paper proposes an information standard framework for BIM to identify a systematic standard and method to effectively develop various guidelines for the standard. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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22 pages, 2235 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Research Framework of Mitigating Construction Accidents in High-Rise Building Projects via Integrating Building Information Modeling with Emerging Digital Technologies

by Bilal Manzoor, Idris Othman, Juan Carlos Pomares and Heap-Yih Chong

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8359; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188359 - 9 Sep 2021

Cited by 28 | Viewed by 6244

Abstract

The construction of high-rise building projects is a dangerous vocation due to the uniqueness and nature of the activities, as well as the complexity of the working environment, yet safety issues remain crucial in the construction industry. Digital technologies, such as building information [...] Read more.

The construction of high-rise building projects is a dangerous vocation due to the uniqueness and nature of the activities, as well as the complexity of the working environment, yet safety issues remain crucial in the construction industry. Digital technologies, such as building information modeling (BIM), have been identified as valuable tools for increasing construction productivity, efficiency, and safety. This research aimed to mitigate the accident safety factors in high-rise building projects via integrating BIM with emerging digital technologies in the construction industry, such as photogrammetry, GPS, RFID, augmented reality, (AR), virtual reality (VR), and drone technology. Qualitative research was conceived in the ground theory approach. Forty-five online interviews with construction stakeholders and qualitative data analysis were carried out using the NVivo 11 software package. According to the findings, interviewees were more motivated to use photogrammetry and drone technologies in high-rise building projects in order to increase construction safety. Positive, negative, and neutral attitudes about BIM integration with emerging digital technologies were discovered. Furthermore, a research framework was developed by consolidating research findings that articulate the measures and future needs of BIM integration with other digital technologies to mitigate construction accidents in high-rise building projects. The framework also renders practical references for industry practitioners towards effective and safer construction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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23 pages, 5581 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Communication Protocols between BIM Elements and 3D Concrete Printing

by Eric Forcael, Javier Pérez, Álvaro Vásquez, Rodrigo García-Alvarado, Francisco Orozco and Javier Sepúlveda

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7226; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167226 - 5 Aug 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4337

Abstract

Historically, the construction industry has exhibited slow technological development when compared to other industries. However, during the last several years, investigations related to automation in construction have been conducted, such as additive manufacturing in concrete. This study aims to delve into this topic, [...] Read more.

Historically, the construction industry has exhibited slow technological development when compared to other industries. However, during the last several years, investigations related to automation in construction have been conducted, such as additive manufacturing in concrete. This study aims to delve into this topic, providing effective communication between BIM-designed elements and its additive concrete manufacturing, with the help of an articulated robotic arm. Therefore, the paper addresses the preparation of computer code that allows such BIM–robot communication, checking the parameters utilized, and analyzing the results of tests with the equipment involved. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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17 pages, 2299 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Developing a BIM-Based MUVR Treadmill System for Architectural Design Review and Collaboration

by Calvin Chung Wai Keung, Jung In Kim and Qiao Min Ong

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(15), 6881; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11156881 - 27 Jul 2021

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3773

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the medium of choice for various architecture, engineering, and construction applications, such as design visualization, construction planning, and safety training. In particular, this technology offers an immersive experience to enhance the way architects review their design with [...] Read more.

Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the medium of choice for various architecture, engineering, and construction applications, such as design visualization, construction planning, and safety training. In particular, this technology offers an immersive experience to enhance the way architects review their design with team members. Traditionally, VR has used a desktop PC or workstation setup inside a room, yielding the risk of two users bump into each other while using multiuser VR (MUVR) applications. MUVR offers shared experiences that disrupt the conventional single-user VR setup, where multiple users can communicate and interact in the same virtual space, providing more realistic scenarios for architects in the design stage. However, this shared virtual environment introduces challenges regarding limited human locomotion and interactions, due to physical constraints of normal room spaces. This study thus presented a system framework that integrates MUVR applications into omnidirectional treadmills. The treadmills allow users an immersive walking experience in the simulated environment, without space constraints or hurt potentialities. A prototype was set up and tested in several scenarios by practitioners and students. The validated MUVR treadmill system aims to promote high-level immersion in architectural design review and collaboration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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23 pages, 6042 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Automatic Scaffolding Workface Assessment for Activity Analysis through Machine Learning

by Wenzheng Ying, Wenchi Shou, Jun Wang, Weixiang Shi, Yanhui Sun, Dazhi Ji, Haoxuan Gai, Xiangyu Wang and Mengcheng Chen

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(9), 4143; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11094143 - 30 Apr 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2823

Abstract

Scaffolding serves as one construction trade with high importance. However, scaffolding suffers from low productivity and high cost in Australia. Activity Analysis is a continuous procedure of assessing and improving the amount of time that craft workers spend on one single construction trade, [...] Read more.

Scaffolding serves as one construction trade with high importance. However, scaffolding suffers from low productivity and high cost in Australia. Activity Analysis is a continuous procedure of assessing and improving the amount of time that craft workers spend on one single construction trade, which is a functional method for monitoring onsite operation and analyzing conditions causing delays or productivity decline. Workface assessment is an initial step for activity analysis to manually record the time that workers spend on each activity category. This paper proposes a method of automatic scaffolding workface assessment using a 2D video camera to capture scaffolding activities and the model of key joints and skeleton extraction, as well as machine learning classifiers, were used for activity classification. Additionally, a case study was conducted and showed that the proposed method is a feasible and practical way for automatic scaffolding workface assessment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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18 pages, 4895 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Modelling of Underground Volumes, Including the Visualization of Confidence Levels for the Positioning of Subsurface Objects

by Kamel Adouane, Fabian Boujon and Bernd Domer

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(8), 3483; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11083483 - 13 Apr 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2324

Abstract

This paper addresses the issue of offering a consistent 3D visual rendering of subsurface objects when databases face non-completion. Digital modelling of subsurface objects, like utility lines, underground buildings or tree roots, is a difficult task. Data available are incomplete and not precise. [...] Read more.

This paper addresses the issue of offering a consistent 3D visual rendering of subsurface objects when databases face non-completion. Digital modelling of subsurface objects, like utility lines, underground buildings or tree roots, is a difficult task. Data available are incomplete and not precise. The in situ acquisition of existing objects to increase data quality is complex and, therefore, costly. In this paper, a methodology to obtain missing spatial and geometrical data through field or empirical means is proposed. In addition, confidence levels are assigned to existing and derived spatial and geometrical attributes. They are consolidated on a class level and visualized through a bounding shape, called secondary object. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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16 pages, 4943 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vision-Based Pavement Marking Detection and Condition Assessment—A Case Study

by Shuyuan Xu, Jun Wang, Peng Wu, Wenchi Shou, Xiangyu Wang and Mengcheng Chen

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(7), 3152; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073152 - 1 Apr 2021

Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4577

Abstract

Pavement markings constitute an effective way of conveying regulations and guidance to drivers. They constitute the most fundamental way to communicate with road users, thus, greatly contributing to ensuring safety and order on roads. However, due to the increasingly extensive traffic demand, pavement [...] Read more.

Pavement markings constitute an effective way of conveying regulations and guidance to drivers. They constitute the most fundamental way to communicate with road users, thus, greatly contributing to ensuring safety and order on roads. However, due to the increasingly extensive traffic demand, pavement markings are subject to a series of deterioration issues (e.g., wear and tear). Markings in poor condition typically manifest as being blurred or even missing in certain places. The need for proper maintenance strategies on roadway markings, such as repainting, can only be determined based on a comprehensive understanding of their as-is worn condition. Given the fact that an efficient, automated and accurate approach to collect such condition information is lacking in practice, this study proposes a vision-based framework for pavement marking detection and condition assessment. A hybrid feature detector and a threshold-based method were used for line marking identification and classification. For each identified line marking, its worn/blurred severity level was then quantified in terms of worn percentage at a pixel level. The damage estimation results were compared to manual measurements for evaluation, indicating that the proposed method is capable of providing indicative knowledge about the as-is condition of pavement markings. This paper demonstrates the promising potential of computer vision in the infrastructure sector, in terms of implementing a wider range of managerial operations for roadway management. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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22 pages, 38551 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Extending 3D-GIS District Models and BIM-Based Building Models into Computer Gaming Environment for Better Workflow of Cultural Heritage Conservation

by Yu-Pin Ma

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(5), 2101; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052101 - 27 Feb 2021

Cited by 41 | Viewed by 8998

Abstract

Research on cultural heritage conservation has shifted from emphasizing the digital information process with the advantages of “precision” and “visualization” in the early stage to focusing on the development of “realistic” and “highly experiential” gamified interactive environments. As game technology provides a highly [...] Read more.

Research on cultural heritage conservation has shifted from emphasizing the digital information process with the advantages of “precision” and “visualization” in the early stage to focusing on the development of “realistic” and “highly experiential” gamified interactive environments. As game technology provides a highly interactive experience, effective communication, and an integrated environment, it brings new application opportunities for the future development of the reconstruction of historical blocks and cultural spaces. This study takes the old city blocks and historic buildings in Taiwan as examples, applies ArcGIS and SketchUp as the information modeling software, uses the Unity3D game engine as the development platform, and carries out the integration and interactive presentation of the scene information model through the two-stage process of information modeling and programming integration. The historical building information model and 3D-GIS attribute data are integrated, and the visibility and interaction of the information model of the old city blocks are enhanced. Using game technology to optimize the digital integration process of cultural asset not only simplifies the integration of multiple information models and provides two-way updates, but also effectively enhances the interaction and display application capabilities of historic district and building space information. The development tasks that were completed in this research are (1) integrate historical building models and 3D-GIS attribute data; (2) get all the necessary visual information; (3) update historical buildings and historic district models and data at any time; (4) provide virtual reality simulation function and environmental interaction experience. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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22 pages, 3061 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Typology Model of Temporary Facility Constraints for Automated Construction Site Layout Planning

by Minguk Kim, Han-Guk Ryu and Tae Wan Kim

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(3), 1027; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11031027 - 23 Jan 2021

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4028

Abstract

This study sought to develop a typology model of temporary facility constraints that can be used practically in construction site layout planning (CSLP) automation models. A triangulated methodology (literature review, in-depth interviews, and actual case studies) was used to identify constraints of 11 [...] Read more.

This study sought to develop a typology model of temporary facility constraints that can be used practically in construction site layout planning (CSLP) automation models. A triangulated methodology (literature review, in-depth interviews, and actual case studies) was used to identify constraints of 11 temporary facilities that are considered mainly in CSLP and to classify them into six constraint types (i.e., dimensional, regional, relocation, non-overlap, inter-facility distance, and visibility constraints) and seven subtypes. In addition, this study proposed computational modeling methods that would allow a computer to judge whether or not the constraints are met by a created construction site layout. This study contributes to CSLP theory by providing a typology model of temporary facilities that can be used in the model-based verification of the created construction site layout and constraint processing condition in CSLP optimization models. This would also help provide efficient, safe, and eco-friendly construction site management, while refraining from experience- and intuition-centered CSLP practices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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17 pages, 15823 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Feasibility of LoRa for Smart Home Indoor Localization

by Kyungki Kim, Sining Li, Milad Heydariaan, Nour Smaoui, Omprakash Gnawali, Wonho Suh, Min Jae Suh and Jung In Kim

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 415; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010415 - 4 Jan 2021

Cited by 34 | Viewed by 7248

Abstract

With the advancement of low-power and low-cost wireless technologies in the past few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing rapidly in numerous areas of Industry 4.0 and smart homes. With the development of many applications for the IoT, indoor localization, [...] Read more.

With the advancement of low-power and low-cost wireless technologies in the past few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been growing rapidly in numerous areas of Industry 4.0 and smart homes. With the development of many applications for the IoT, indoor localization, i.e., the capability to determine the physical location of people or devices, has become an important component of smart homes. Various wireless technologies have been used for indoor localization including WiFi, ultra-wideband (UWB), Bluetooth low energy (BLE), radio-frequency identification (RFID), and LoRa. The ability of low-cost long range (LoRa) radios for low-power and long-range communication has made this radio technology a suitable candidate for many indoor and outdoor IoT applications. Additionally, research studies have shown the feasibility of localization with LoRa radios. However, indoor localization with LoRa is not adequately explored at the home level, where the localization area is relatively smaller than offices and corporate buildings. In this study, we first explore the feasibility of ranging with LoRa. Then, we conduct experiments to demonstrate the capability of LoRa for accurate and precise indoor localization in a typical apartment setting. Our experimental results show that LoRa-based indoor localization has an accuracy better than 1.6 m in line-of-sight scenario and 3.2 m in extreme non-line-of-sight scenario with a precision better than 25 cm in all cases, without using any data filtering on the location estimates. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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20 pages, 8239 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ontological Approach for Automatic Inference of Concrete Crack Cause

by Seoyoung Jung, Seulki Lee and Jungho Yu

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010252 - 29 Dec 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2456

Abstract

The cause of cracks in concrete is traditionally estimated by analyzing information such as patterns and locations of the cracks and whether other defects are present, followed by aggregating the findings to estimate the cause. This method is highly dependent on the expert’s [...] Read more.

The cause of cracks in concrete is traditionally estimated by analyzing information such as patterns and locations of the cracks and whether other defects are present, followed by aggregating the findings to estimate the cause. This method is highly dependent on the expert’s knowledge and experience in the process of identifying the cause of the cracks by compiling information related to the occurrence of the cracks, and it is likely that each expert will make a different diagnosis or an expert with insufficient knowledge and experience will make an inaccurate diagnosis. Therefore, we propose automated technology using the ontology to improve the consistency and accuracy of crack diagnosis results in this research. The proposed approach uses information on the crack patterns, locations, and penetration status, as well as the occurrence of other defects, to automatically infer the causes of cracks. We developed ontology that can infer the cause of cracks using the information on their appearance and applied actual cases of cracks to verify the ontological operation. In addition, the consistency and accuracy of the ontology were validated using eight actual cases of crack. The approach of this study can support expert decision-making in the crack diagnosis process, thereby reducing the possibility of various errors caused by the intervention of inaccurate judgments in the crack diagnosis process and improving the efficiency of the crack diagnosis tasks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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18 pages, 5376 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Cost and Schedule Data Integration Algorithm Based on Big Data Technology

by Daegu Cho, Myungdo Lee and Jihye Shin

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 8917; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248917 - 14 Dec 2020

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3256

Abstract

In the information age, the role of data in any industry is getting more and more important. In the construction industry, however, experts’ experience and intuition are still key determinants in decision-making, while other industries achieve tangible improvement in paradigm shifts by adopting [...] Read more.

In the information age, the role of data in any industry is getting more and more important. In the construction industry, however, experts’ experience and intuition are still key determinants in decision-making, while other industries achieve tangible improvement in paradigm shifts by adopting cutting-edge information technology. Cost and schedule controls, which are closely connected, are decisive in the success of construction project execution. While a vast body of research has developed methodologies for cost-schedule integration over 50 years, there is no method used in practice; it remains a significant challenge in the construction industry. This study aims to propose a data processing algorithm for integrated cost-schedule data management employing big data technology. It is designed to resolve the main obstacle to the practicality of existing methods by providing integrity and flexibility in integrating cost-schedule data and reducing time on building and changing databases. The proposed algorithm is expected to transform field engineers’ current perception regarding information management as one of the troublesome tasks in a data-friendly way. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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15 pages, 2732 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Study on the External Stone Cladding System in Production and Installation Stages: The Case of Hong Kong

by Chun Fai Yiu, Yoo-Jun Kim, WoonSeong Jeong, Hung-Lin Chi and Min-Koo Kim

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 8207; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228207 - 19 Nov 2020

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3098

Abstract

The successful quality management of the external stone cladding system in production and installation stages is of vital importance to ensure the high quality of the completed system. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted in this area. This research aimed to report the [...] Read more.

The successful quality management of the external stone cladding system in production and installation stages is of vital importance to ensure the high quality of the completed system. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted in this area. This research aimed to report the current status of the external stone cladding system in the production and installation stages in Hong Kong. To do so, this paper examines its current practices and major issues occurred through case studies, questionnaire surveys, and interviews. The results revealed the insufficiency in control mechanism and quality control in the system in Hong Kong. Furthermore, the factors to ensure the quality of the two stages were determined. Lastly, this research suggested recommendations on the possible measures to improve the system quality: pre-testing of stone materials and anchorage system, quality assurance of suppliers and manufacturers, regular inspections and audits on production, and continuous site quality supervision and checklist. The findings and outcomes of the research could lead to actions to guarantee steady quality for the stone cladding façade. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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13 pages, 1790 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Railway Infrastructure BIM Prototype Libraries

by Myoung Bae Seo and Dongyoun Lee

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 8118; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228118 - 16 Nov 2020

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2882

Abstract

Building Information Modeling (BIM) can act as a solution to improve various difficulties faced in the construction industry. BIM is expanding into infrastructure facilities for integrated information management, productivity improvement, and risk management. There are many cases where BIM is applied to buildings [...] Read more.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) can act as a solution to improve various difficulties faced in the construction industry. BIM is expanding into infrastructure facilities for integrated information management, productivity improvement, and risk management. There are many cases where BIM is applied to buildings with horizontal and linear characteristics, but the infrastructure is different from the method of applying BIM to buildings with vertical characteristics. Using premanufactured libraries in BIM-based design can shorten the design time and simplify the design method, thus increasing the 3D design productivity. This paper develops BIM prototype libraries based on the standards from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MOLIT) of South Korea for railway infrastructure. BIM tools such as Civil 3D, Revit, and AECOsim were used by reflecting the characteristics of each facility, and the libraries, with a total of 762 types in 363 files, were constructed. The specifications were created by linking the common and facility-specific attribute items to the libraries. The result of the test modeling using the developed library showed significant productivity improvement, such as an average difference of 38.2% was observed for roadbed modeling and a mean difference of 50.2% for bridge modeling. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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20 pages, 9303 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A BIM Platform for the Manufacture of Prefabricated Steel Structure

by Shengxin Chen, Jie Wu and Jialin Shi

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 8038; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228038 - 13 Nov 2020

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4438

Abstract

In the design phase, building information modeling (BIM) software has been widely employed due to its high efficiency, precision, and synergy among different teams. However, the advantages of BIM have not been fully explored in the manufacturing stage where the progress is not [...] Read more.

In the design phase, building information modeling (BIM) software has been widely employed due to its high efficiency, precision, and synergy among different teams. However, the advantages of BIM have not been fully explored in the manufacturing stage where the progress is not so transparent, and information exchange is not so smooth. To deal with these problems, a BIM platform for the manufacture of steel structures is developed in this article, which aims for the management and visualization of manufacturing progress in a steel structure factory in China. The proposed platform was developed and tested by using practical projects. The requirement is analyzed with different users involved in the manufacturing progress. The platform is web-based, where Node.js is adopted for server-side scripting, Neo4j is used for data storage, hyper text markup language (HTML), cascading style sheets (CSS), and JavaScript are used to compile user interface. Besides, a quick response (QR) code is attached to components for traceability. By parsing the BIM model exported in the design phase, essential information of components is imported into the platform, which are the data that form the basis of the following operation. By introducing the platform as a collaborative tool, the traceability and visibility of real-time manufacturing progress of each steel component are significantly enhanced. As a result, this platform can help managers make decisions, workers check quality problems, and other stakeholders grasp the manufacturing progress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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28 pages, 10336 KiB

Open AccessArticle

BIM-Based Educational and Facility Management of Large University Venues

by Rubén Muñoz Pavón, Antonio A. Arcos Alvarez and Marcos G. Alberti

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 7976; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10227976 - 10 Nov 2020

Cited by 27 | Viewed by 6223

Abstract

The aim of this paper was to provide a Building Information Modeling (BIM)-based management system for the Civil Engineering School (ETSICCP) at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid with a long-term development perspective. A Building Information Modeling (BIM) management system for complex infrastructure facilities [...] Read more.

The aim of this paper was to provide a Building Information Modeling (BIM)-based management system for the Civil Engineering School (ETSICCP) at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid with a long-term development perspective. A Building Information Modeling (BIM) management system for complex infrastructure facilities demands a detailed 3-Dimensional model according to future management requirements. In this study, the infrastructure of the ETSICCP was modeled on various phases and synchronized with not only external educational information but also with facility management (FM) parameters. The methodology followed in this study ranges from the blank paper to a BIM-based detailed FM system oriented to educational scheduling throughout the infrastructure providing real time information synchronized with spreadsheets and a 3-D model. The result of this paper provides multiples future management lines, like COVID-19 BIM-management or synchronization with local public transports’ applications (mainly metro and bus transport systems), through a public accessible Application Programming Interface (API). The significance of this research relies on the generation of an information and management system, based on a BIM model of a university campus. This project was designed for all the agents involved in its operation, students, lecturers, and managers. All these agents have a level of access appropriate to their needs and functions within the institution. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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18 pages, 5202 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Rule-Based Scan-to-BIM Mapping Pipeline in the Plumbing System

by Taewook Kang, Shashidhar Patil, Kyubyung Kang, Dan Koo and Jonghoon Kim

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7422; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217422 - 22 Oct 2020

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3744

Abstract

The number of scan-to-BIM projects that convert scanned data into Building Information Modeling (BIM) for facility management applications in the Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) fields has been increasing. This conversion features an application purpose-oriented process, so the Scan-to-BIM work parameters to be [...] Read more.

The number of scan-to-BIM projects that convert scanned data into Building Information Modeling (BIM) for facility management applications in the Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) fields has been increasing. This conversion features an application purpose-oriented process, so the Scan-to-BIM work parameters to be applied vary in each project. Inevitably, a modeler manually adjusts the BIM modeling parameters according to the application purpose, and repeats the Scan-to-BIM process until the desired result is achieved. This repetitive manual process has adverse consequences for project productivity and quality. If the Scan-to-BIM process can be formalized based on predefined rules, the repetitive process in various cases can be automated by re-adjusting only the parameters. In addition, the predefined rule-based Scan-to-BIM pipeline can be stored and reused as a library. This study proposes a rule-based Scan-to-BIM Mapping Pipeline to support application-oriented Scan-to-BIM process automation, variability and reusability. The application target of the proposed pipeline method is the plumbing system that occupies a large number of MEPs. The proposed method was implemented using an automatic generation algorithm, and its effectiveness was verified. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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20 pages, 7983 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Stochastic Detection of Interior Design Styles Using a Deep-Learning Model for Reference Images

by Jinsung Kim and Jin-Kook Lee

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7299; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207299 - 19 Oct 2020

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 7661

Abstract

This paper describes an approach for identifying and appending interior design style information stochastically with reference images and a deep-learning model. In the field of interior design, design style is a useful concept and has played an important role in helping people understand [...] Read more.

This paper describes an approach for identifying and appending interior design style information stochastically with reference images and a deep-learning model. In the field of interior design, design style is a useful concept and has played an important role in helping people understand and communicate interior design. Previous studies have focused on how the interior design style categories can be defined. On the other hand, this paper focuses on how stochastically recognizing the design style of given interior design reference images using a deep learning-based data-driven approach. The proposed method can be summarized as follows: (1) data preparation based on a general design style definition, (2) implementing an interior design style recognition model using a pre-trained VGG16 model, (3) training and evaluating the trained model, and (4) demonstration of stochastic detection of interior design styles for reference images. The result shows that the trained model automatically recognizes the design styles of given interior images with probability values. The recognition results, model, and trained image set contribute to facilitating the management and utilization of an interior design references database. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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20 pages, 2200 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Constraints Hindering the Development of High-Rise Modular Buildings

by Yanhui Sun, Jun Wang, Jeremy Wu, Weixiang Shi, Dazhi Ji, Xiangyu Wang and Xianzhong Zhao

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7159; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207159 - 14 Oct 2020

Cited by 68 | Viewed by 10515

Abstract

Off-site construction has been increasingly employed due to its advantages, for instance, improved quality control, reduced skills labour, faster construction time, decreased material wastage and safe working environment. As the most cutting-edge off-site construction, modular buildings have been utilised for residential building, student [...] Read more.

Off-site construction has been increasingly employed due to its advantages, for instance, improved quality control, reduced skills labour, faster construction time, decreased material wastage and safe working environment. As the most cutting-edge off-site construction, modular buildings have been utilised for residential building, student accommodation, and hotel projects. However, because of existing and underlying constraints, the adoption of modular buildings is still relatively low. To reveal factors hindering the development of high-rise modular buildings, a comprehensive literature review, coupled with a focus group study, were conducted. A questionnaire survey inquiring about all stakeholders was implemented to quantify constraints. The results were further examined according to a real-life case study. This paper manifested that “Lack of coordination and communication among stakeholders”, “Higher cost”, “Lack of government support”, “Lack of experience and expertise”, “Lack of building codes and standards”, “Poor supply chain integration”, and “Complexity of connection” are the top barriers curbing the uptake of modular buildings. The findings should provide a valuable reference for stakeholders adopting modular buildings, whilst mitigating risks amid modular construction. Future research is expected to exploit building information modelling and design for manufacture and assembly to alleviate these existing constraints and promote the performance of modular construction as well. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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25 pages, 11534 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Quality Control Requirements for Improving the Quality of Architectural Design Based on BIM

by Jungsik Choi, Sejin Lee and Inhan Kim

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7074; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207074 - 12 Oct 2020

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 6200

Abstract

Building information modeling (BIM) technology has been utilized increasingly in quantitative ways in the architecture, engineering, and construction disciplines. However, owing to increasing requirements for improvement in qualitative factors in BIM-based design projects, it has become necessary to develop a checking and evaluation [...] Read more.

Building information modeling (BIM) technology has been utilized increasingly in quantitative ways in the architecture, engineering, and construction disciplines. However, owing to increasing requirements for improvement in qualitative factors in BIM-based design projects, it has become necessary to develop a checking and evaluation process for BIM-based architectural design. The purpose of this study is to develop and apply BIM-based quality control requirements for improving the quality of architectural design. To achieve this, the research investigated case studies for BIM data quality control and classified quality control targets according to physical/logical quality and data quality. The quality check criteria and checklists are developed through the reconfiguration of deduced quality control targets by requirement. The research developed a rule-based quality checking system using requirements for efficient quality control based on BIM. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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17 pages, 5247 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Validation of Support for Creation of License Drawings Using Application for openBIM-Based Automatic Generation of 2D Drawings

by Inhan Kim, Yongha Lee, Choong-Hee Han, Gutaek Kim and Jungsik Choi

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(18), 6470; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186470 - 17 Sep 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2966

Abstract

In the preparation of drawings and documents required for a licensing process, the main problem is the duplication of work in creating design drawings and Building Information Modeling (BIM) models. To overcome this problem, BIM authoring tools provide a drawing generation function. However, [...] Read more.

In the preparation of drawings and documents required for a licensing process, the main problem is the duplication of work in creating design drawings and Building Information Modeling (BIM) models. To overcome this problem, BIM authoring tools provide a drawing generation function. However, it is difficult to use it in a construction project involving multiple actors using different authoring tools for each design actor. Owing to these problems, the drawing generation program, which is based the on the industry foundation classes (IFC) concept is not limited to the authoring tools used in the project, and it is intended to minimize duplication by outputting drawings in dwg and pdf formats. In this study, the IFC data structure required for generating drawings was analyzed and drawing elements on the basis of the shape and attribute information, certain drawing elements were output as 3D scenes in order to obtain detailed plan, elevation, cross-section, and structural drawings, which are required for an IFC-based licensing process. In addition, 2D drawings were generated through post-processing for obtaining drawing-level outputs. On the basis of BIM design guidelines, it was found that the information required in license drawings can be minimized, and the license licensing process can be based on a separate BIM technology. In other words, based on the licensing environment in Korea, the effectiveness of the automatic 2D drawing generation program was verified through a comparative analysis on the basis of the drawings and information required by assuming that a specific set of drawing elements were required in the existing licensing process and for BIM-based licensing. Furthermore, it was examined whether books required in the licensing process can be replaced by a parking lot plan that can be submitted through a BIM-technology-based legality review system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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14 pages, 2457 KiB

Open AccessArticle

BIM-Based Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) for Architectural Design Collaboration: A Proof of Concept

by Yixuan Jin, JoonOh Seo, Jin Gang Lee, Seungjun Ahn and SangUk Han

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(17), 5915; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10175915 - 26 Aug 2020

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 5462

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology, such as augmented reality (AR), has served as the display for building information modeling (BIM)-based architectural design collaboration to provide more effective design observation and communication for stakeholders. That said, AR has several technical limitations in terms of personal [...] Read more.

Three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology, such as augmented reality (AR), has served as the display for building information modeling (BIM)-based architectural design collaboration to provide more effective design observation and communication for stakeholders. That said, AR has several technical limitations in terms of personal device issues, user experience, and visualization quality. A new form of AR called spatial augmented reality (SAR) has been introduced to address these issues, which uses a digital projector to present graphics on physical objects for augmenting real-world objects. Therefore, SAR has great benefits and potentials to combine with BIM for design collaboration. This paper introduces a BIM-based SAR operational framework, where 3D building models generated from BIM software are imported to projection mapping tools to display building surface textures on physical white building models. A case study using Revit and 3ds Max as the BIM software, and MadMapper as the projection mapping tool, was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed framework and to evaluate the projection performance of SAR. The case study showed that the texture of BIM models could be projected on the objects clearly and realistically. Additionally, the proposed SAR method potentially offers intuitive observation of building models and comfortable wear-free experience for collaborative design, and the qualitative analysis by changing the parameters was conducted to test the different projection conditions. Since it is expected that the use of SAR can be promoted by overcoming the discussed technical limitations and possible solution application, this study aims to traceability provide the whole process of BIM-based SAR for architectural design collaboration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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15 pages, 2604 KiB

Open AccessArticle

End-Users’ Augmented Reality Utilization for Architectural Design Review

by Jin Gang Lee, JoonOh Seo, Ali Abbas and Minji Choi

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5363; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155363 - 3 Aug 2020

Cited by 37 | Viewed by 5225

Abstract

To effectively use augmented reality (AR) technology for end-user involved design collaboration, it is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the AR system from the end-user’s perspective. However, most efforts have mainly focused on technological development, and as such, limited attention has been [...] Read more.

To effectively use augmented reality (AR) technology for end-user involved design collaboration, it is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of the AR system from the end-user’s perspective. However, most efforts have mainly focused on technological development, and as such, limited attention has been paid to the end-user’s application of the AR system. Therefore, this study investigates how the AR system affects architectural design review based on the user’s perspectives. Three different display systems presenting a 3D model including a 2D screen, VR, and AR were tested, and a total of 76 participants evaluated visual presentation quality, perceived acceptability, and user experience according to their usage of the visualization platform types during the design review activities. Compared to other systems, the results indicated that the AR system could be more effective in reviewing the visual elements of a building. Furthermore, AR showed the highest ratings for acceptance level and user experience. The innovation provided by AR created a positive user experience, despite its remaining challenges to be resolved in terms of functionality. Since it is expected that the use of AR can be promoted by overcoming certain technological limitations, this study contributes to guiding AR system applications for end-users involved in the design review process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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16 pages, 638 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Longitudinal Study on Construction Organization’s BIM Acceptance

by Seulki Lee and Jungho Yu

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5358; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155358 - 3 Aug 2020

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4052

Abstract

The Korean domestic market is focused on the introduction of BIM (Building Information Modeling) owing to an influx of investment due to increased interest and mandatory application of BIM. However, the rate of BIM introduction is high, while BIM user proficiency is low. [...] Read more.

The Korean domestic market is focused on the introduction of BIM (Building Information Modeling) owing to an influx of investment due to increased interest and mandatory application of BIM. However, the rate of BIM introduction is high, while BIM user proficiency is low. Against these problems, the authors proposed an acceptance model for BIM in construction organizations in 2012. As the number of BIM application cases increases and the number of BIM-trained users increases as time goes on, BIM users’ positive perception of BIM values are expected to increase, which may change the BIM acceptance mechanism. Therefore, we conducted a longitudinal study of the 2012 BIM acceptance model against 2019 data to estimate changes in factors affecting BIM acceptance attitudes as well as the mechanism of the relationships between factors over time spent using the technology. To generalize the results, the respondents were spread across construction sites. The data obtained 119 samples from a sample of experienced users of BIM. We used AMOS 21.0 for hypothesis testing of structural equation modeling (SEM), and the 2019 BIM acceptance model was compared against the 2012 acceptance model using an independent sample t-test. As a result, it was confirmed that the 2012 BIM acceptance model is still suitable for describing the BIM acceptance mechanism of the construction organization, and there was a difference between the 2012 model and the 2019 model. This seems to have changed the mechanism of BIM acceptance by being change perception of BIM users as time goes on. The results of this study can be used to establish a BIM activation strategy for each BIM acceptance stage and are expected to be applicable to establishing a BIM activation strategy for construction organizations or countries with similar BIM acceptance stage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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25 pages, 9814 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Study on the Constructivism Learning Method for BIM/IPD Collaboration Education

by Juan Jin, Kyung-Eun Hwang and Inhan Kim

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5169; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155169 - 27 Jul 2020

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 7372

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of the constructivism education theory in building information modeling (BIM)/integrated project delivery (IPD) collaboration education by determining education methods that are most relevant to collaboration in the interaction process. We propose a BIM [...] Read more.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of the constructivism education theory in building information modeling (BIM)/integrated project delivery (IPD) collaboration education by determining education methods that are most relevant to collaboration in the interaction process. We propose a BIM training model that enhances students’ satisfaction in class and collaboration. We aim to identify interrelationships between BIM collaboration education and constructivism theories, examining constructivism methods in BIM/IPD classes to discern which are the most suitable for improving and enhancing collaboration and the proposed education model. A model of the hypothesis “Constructivism Collaboration Process (CCP)” for BIM/IPD collaboration education was derived and a curriculum was created. The hypothesis model was tested by dividing into an experimental group and control group, and finally, prior and post-satisfaction and collaboration level assessments were performed in the BIM and IPD classes. After evaluating and analyzing the improvement in collaboration level and satisfaction, the results were derived for the hypothetical model of the “Constructivism Collaboration Process (CCP)” and the facts that can have a positive impact on BIM/IPD education. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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Review

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23 pages, 1080 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Systematic Review of Current Strategies and Methods for BIM Implementation in the Academic Field

by Alia Besné, Miguel Ángel Pérez, Silvia Necchi, Enric Peña, David Fonseca, Isidro Navarro and Ernesto Redondo

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5530; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125530 - 15 Jun 2021

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 7075

Abstract

Since the international governmental institutions required and/or recommended (according to the regulations of each country and continent) all public works to be certified in the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology, public and private institutions and universities have sought to integrate BIM into their [...] Read more.

Since the international governmental institutions required and/or recommended (according to the regulations of each country and continent) all public works to be certified in the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology, public and private institutions and universities have sought to integrate BIM into their production and educational processes. This requires the university academic environment to focus its efforts on training students in this methodology, as they will need to apply it in any future work activities related to architecture and construction. This article seeks to analyze which methods are being used by higher education institutions around the world to integrate BIM implementation in AEC (architecture, engineering, and construction) degrees and to determine if a set of regulatory guidelines exists that could serve as a common foundation for institutions to improve this integration process. To this end, a systematic literature review was carried out on WOS and SCOPUS by applying the PRISMA statement methodology. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected based on keywords, abstracts, and full content of the articles. In the end, 23 articles were thoroughly studied, the integration and evaluation methods analyzed, and results obtained. The analysis shows a consensus on the need to develop common academic guidelines across university centers that define a strategy for curriculum modifications and teaching and learning strategies. Finally, future lines of research are identified. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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18 pages, 2264 KiB

Open AccessReview

Deep Learning-Based Applications for Safety Management in the AEC Industry: A Review

by Lei Hou, Haosen Chen, Guomin (Kevin) Zhang and Xiangyu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(2), 821; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11020821 - 16 Jan 2021

Cited by 48 | Viewed by 6433

Abstract

Safety is an essential topic to the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. However, traditional methods for structural health monitoring (SHM) and jobsite safety management (JSM) are not only inefficient, but also costly. In the past decade, scholars have developed a wide range [...] Read more.

Safety is an essential topic to the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. However, traditional methods for structural health monitoring (SHM) and jobsite safety management (JSM) are not only inefficient, but also costly. In the past decade, scholars have developed a wide range of deep learning (DL) applications to address automated structure inspection and on-site safety monitoring, such as the identification of structural defects, deterioration patterns, unsafe workforce behaviors and latent risk factors. Although numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of the DL methodology, there has not been one comprehensive, systematic, evidence-based review of all individual articles that investigate the effectiveness of using DL in the SHM and JSM industry to date, nor has there been an examination of this body of evidence in regard to these methodological problems. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to disclose the state of the art of current research progress and determine the relevant gaps, challenges and future work. Methodically, CiteSpace was employed to summarize the research trends, advancements and frontiers of DL applications from 2010 to 2020. Next, an application-focused literature review was conducted, which led to a summary of research gaps, recommendations and future research directions. Overall, this review gains insight into SHM and JSM and aims to help researchers formulate more types of effective DL applications which have not been addressed sufficiently for the time being. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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21 pages, 1654 KiB

Open AccessReview

Literature Review of Digital Twins Applications in Construction Workforce Safety

by Lei Hou, Shaoze Wu, Guomin (Kevin) Zhang, Yongtao Tan and Xiangyu Wang

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 339; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010339 - 31 Dec 2020

Cited by 140 | Viewed by 13964

Abstract

For many decades, safety has been a challenge in the construction sector. Despite extensive efforts to improve overall safety, the sector’s casualty rate still remains high. In practice, dynamic and complex construction processes may lead to on-site risks and safety plans being overlooked, [...] Read more.

For many decades, safety has been a challenge in the construction sector. Despite extensive efforts to improve overall safety, the sector’s casualty rate still remains high. In practice, dynamic and complex construction processes may lead to on-site risks and safety plans being overlooked, likely leading to a variety of safety accidents. Nowadays, under the guidance of the digital twins (DT) concept, the advent of state-of-the-art sensing and visualisation technologies has offered the possibility to improve construction health and safety in the workplace. To understand the research advances of these technologies, identify their gaps and challenges, and propose solutions to further advance the industry’s safety, we conducted and report a thorough review on the state-of-the-art technological studies, and elaborate upon the key findings in detail. For instance, despite DT being proven to be effective in improving construction workforce safety, the construction industry has yet to fully exploit and streamline these innovations in practice. Overall, this review provides insights into technological clustering, improvement strategies, as well as workforce safety, which can benefit from formulating effective digital technology paradigms. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue BIM and Its Integration with Emerging Technologies)

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