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Applied Sciences
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Combustion Study of Biodiesel and Biofuel
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Combustion Study of Biodiesel and Biofuel

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 6827

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Wenming Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore
Interests: combustion; biofuels; internal combustion engines; boilers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Transportation is the lifeline of the world economy; however, it is also the biggest contributor to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. To address the people's growing concern regarding energy safety and global warming, it is important to explore greener and sustainable fuels for transportation. Of the various candidates, biodiesel and biofuels are recognized as the most promising alternates for fossil fuel in transportation due to its inherent merits of renewability and carbon neutral. However, there still lacks a consensus conclusion on the combustion process and emissions formation when biodiesel and biofuels are used in internal combustion engines. To bridge this gap, in this Special Issue, we are looking for original contributions related to combustion study of biodiesel and biofuels including but not limited to: fundamental study on combustion process of biodiesel and biofuels (methanol, ethanol, syngas, etc.) and their blends in shock tube, fast compression machines and IC engines, as well as numerical modeling on the combustion process and emission formations.

Prof. Wenming Yang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Biodiesel
  • Biofuels
  • Combustion
  • IC engines
  • soot
  • NOx

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 5121 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation of Knock Combustion in a Downsizing Turbocharged Gasoline Direct Injection Engine
by Xi Wang, Xun Zhang, Minfei Wang, Yue Han and Hanyu Chen
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(19), 4133; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9194133 - 2 Oct 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2790
Abstract
Engine knock has become the prime barrier to significantly improve power density and efficiency of the engines. To further look into the essence of the abnormal combustion, this work studies the working processes of normal combustion and knock combustion under practical engine operating [...] Read more.
Engine knock has become the prime barrier to significantly improve power density and efficiency of the engines. To further look into the essence of the abnormal combustion, this work studies the working processes of normal combustion and knock combustion under practical engine operating conditions using a three-dimensional computation fluid dynamics (CFD) fluid software CONVERGE (Version 2.3.0, Convergent Science, Inc., Madison, USA). The results show that the tumble in the cylinder is gradually formed with the increase of the valve lift, enhances in the compression stroke and finally is broken due to the extrusion of the piston. The fuel droplets gradually evaporate and move to the intake side under the turbulent and high temperature in the cylinder. During the normal combustion process, the flame propagates faster on the intake side and it facilitates mixture in cylinder combustion. During the knock combustion simulation, the hotspots near the exhaust valve are observed, and the propagating detonation wave caused by multiple hotspots auto-ignition indicates significant effects on knock intensity of in-cylinder pressure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Combustion Study of Biodiesel and Biofuel)
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Review

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16 pages, 2134 KiB  
Review
A Review of the Developed New Model Biodiesels and Their Effects on Engine Combustion and Emissions
by Shenghua Liu, Wei Chen, Zengqiang Zhu, Sa Jiang, Tongtong Ren and Hejun Guo
Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(11), 2303; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8112303 - 19 Nov 2018
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3420
Abstract
Biodiesel is regarded to be a renewable, CO2 neutral and thus sustainable biological alternative diesel fuel. With attention to the reduction of petroleum import, PM 2.5 aerosol particles and the greenhouse effect gas CO2, biodiesel has drawn great research interests [...] Read more.
Biodiesel is regarded to be a renewable, CO2 neutral and thus sustainable biological alternative diesel fuel. With attention to the reduction of petroleum import, PM 2.5 aerosol particles and the greenhouse effect gas CO2, biodiesel has drawn great research interests and efforts in the past decade in China. Generally, biodiesel refers to fatty acid methyl ether (FAME) which has a proved effect in reducing diesel emission, particularly PM. However, FAME has a limited cetane number and oxygen content, to study the effects of elevated cetane number and oxygen content on fuel properties, engine combustion and emissions, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is used to produce a series of new models of biodiesels by transesterification method. The feedstocks are rapeseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, palm oil and cottonseed oil. Ether group alcohols used in this study include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether. The molecular structure was proved by FT-IR and NMR analyses. Fuel properties were measured based on the corresponding standards. The developed new model biodiesels have cetane number (CN) over 70 and oxygen content over 17% by mass, which are higher than FAME (50 CN and 11% oxygen). They have the same level of lower heating value as FAME, but have a higher density, which helps to compensate the decrease of engine power. Meanwhile, the engine tests were carried out to investigate the effects of ether ester group on engine combustion and emissions. The test results show that FAME reduced smoke 30% to 50%, while the new model biodiesel fuels reduced engine smoke as high as 80% and have the potential to decrease engine HC, CO and NOx emissions 50% or more. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Combustion Study of Biodiesel and Biofuel)
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