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Atmosphere
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Radiative Forcing of Various Atmospheric Components
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Radiative Forcing of Various Atmospheric Components

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 7304

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Usman Mazhar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Remote Sensing and Geomatics Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
Interests: surface energy balance, Net radiation, Optical remote sensing, land use/cover change, Aerosol, MODIS, CERES
Dr. Muhammad Bilal

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Architecture and City Design (ACD) Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Interests: atmospheric remote sensing; air quality; aerosols; air quality and human health; aerosol classification; aerosol retrievals; remote sensing of land and atmospheric parameters; atmospheric correction of remote sensing data
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is currently one of the most important and influencing scientific issues which has not only affected global climate but also has adverse effects on human health, the living quality of people, and the global economy. A rise in global temperature, the rise of sea surface level, and recent flash floods in various areas of the world are a few examples of climate change. Along with many other factors, atmospheric radiative forcing is one major cause of the global climate change phenomenon. In its simplistic form radiative forcing is the difference between energy that enters the atmosphere and the amount of energy that leaves the earth’s atmosphere. Atmospheric pollutants such as aerosol, greenhouse gasses, and trace gases are highly influencing agents of radiative forcing. Aerosols influence incoming solar radiation and outgoing thermal radiation in two ways, i.e., some aerosol types absorb the radiation while others scatter them. As a result, aerosol perturbs the atmospheric heat content and cloud formation. Atmospheric gasses e.g., Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Ozone (O3) also have a direct relationship with the radiation balance.

This special issue is an attempt to investigate the various aspects of radiative forcing, its link with atmospheric particles and gasses, and its effects on global and regional climate. The potential valuable outcomes of this special issue will serve the scientific community, and policymakers to counter the challenges of future climate change. We welcome the high-quality merit research covering one or more of, but not limited to the following topics:

  • Radiative forcing and climate change
  • Contribution of aerosol in radiative forcing
  • Effects of atmospheric gasses
  • Extreme weather
  • The natural disaster resulted from radiative forcing
  • Environmental impacts
  • Human health

Dr. Usman Mazhar
Dr. Muhammad Bilal
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy balance
  • climate change
  • albedo
  • aerosol
  • greenhouse gasses
  • trace gasses

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1473 KiB  
Article
Hemispheric Symmetry of Planetary Albedo: A Corollary of Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics
by Hsien-Wang Ou
Atmosphere 2023, 14(8), 1243; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14081243 - 3 Aug 2023
Viewed by 927
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that the generic climate state is a macroscopic manifestation of a nonequilibrium thermodynamic (NT) system characterized by maximum entropy production (MEP)—a generalized second law. Through a minimal tropical/polar-band model, I show that MEP would propel low clouds to polar [...] Read more.
It is increasingly recognized that the generic climate state is a macroscopic manifestation of a nonequilibrium thermodynamic (NT) system characterized by maximum entropy production (MEP)—a generalized second law. Through a minimal tropical/polar-band model, I show that MEP would propel low clouds to polar bands to symmetrize the planetary albedo, a remarkable observation that may now be explained. The prognosed polar albedo is consistent with the current observation, which moreover is little altered during the ice age of more reflective land and the early Triassic period of symmetric land, suggesting its considerable stability through Earth’s history. Climate models have not replicated the observed albedo symmetry and, given the potency of MEP in propelling clouds, it is suggested that to improve climate models, a higher premium be placed on resolving eddies—thereby encapsulating the NT—than detailed cloud physics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Forcing of Various Atmospheric Components)
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Review

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33 pages, 3088 KiB  
Review
Critical Review on Radiative Forcing and Climate Models for Global Climate Change since 1970
by Qing-Bin Lu
Atmosphere 2023, 14(8), 1232; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14081232 - 31 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5618
Abstract
This review identifies a critical problem in the fundamental physics of current climate models. The large greenhouse effect of rising CO2 assumed in climate models is assessed by six key observations from ground- and satellite-based measurements. This assessment is enhanced by statistical [...] Read more.
This review identifies a critical problem in the fundamental physics of current climate models. The large greenhouse effect of rising CO2 assumed in climate models is assessed by six key observations from ground- and satellite-based measurements. This assessment is enhanced by statistical analyses and model calculations of global or regional mean surface temperature changes by conventional climate models and by a conceptual quantum physical model of global warming due to halogen-containing greenhouse gases (halo-GHGs). The postulated large radiative forcing of CO2 in conventional climate models does not agree with satellite observations. Satellite-observed warming pattern resembles closely the atmospheric distribution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). This review helps understand recent remarkable observations of reversals from cooling to warming in the lower stratosphere over most continents and in the upper stratosphere at high latitudes, surface warming cessations in the Antarctic, North America, UK, and Northern-Hemisphere (NH) extratropics, and the stabilization in NH or North America snow cover, since the turn of the century. The complementary observation of surface temperature changes in 3 representative regions (Central England, the Antarctic, and the Arctic) sheds new light on the primary mechanism of global warming. These observations agree well with not CO2-based climate models but the CFC-warming quantum physical model. The latter offers parameter-free analytical calculations of surface temperature changes, exhibiting remarkable agreement with observations. These observations overwhelmingly support an emerging picture that halo-GHGs made the dominant contribution to global warming in the late 20th century and that a gradual reversal in warming has occurred since ~2005 due to the phasing out of halo-GHGs. Advances and insights from this review may help humans make rational policies to reverse the past warming and maintain a healthy economy and ecosystem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiative Forcing of Various Atmospheric Components)
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