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Atmosphere
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Storm Surge Modeling – Capturing the Wind
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Storm Surge Modeling – Capturing the Wind

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2019) | Viewed by 10276

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Stephen C. Medeiros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
Interests: storm surge; remote sensing; lidar; machine learning; UAS; autonomous systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustained, high-velocity winds induced by tropical cyclones grip the surface of our oceans and push water towards our valuable and vulnerable coastlines. The ability of scientists and engineers to accurately simulate storm surge in a variety of natural and built environments is essential to the assessment of risk and the design of resilient coastal infrastructure. This Special Issue of Atmosphere is focused on disseminating basic and applied research findings on the connection between wind and storm surge. Under the stated emphasis on the measurement, encoding, and implementation of tropical cyclone winds in storm surge models, we specifically encourage submissions involving the following topics:

  • Boundary layer interactions including momentum transfer, wind drag, and aerodynamic roughness characterization;
  • Quantification of the uncertainty associated with air/sea interaction;
  • Computational methods for wind-driven surge simulation including advances to high performance distributed computing architecture, data assimilation, and machine learning;
  • Parameterization and validation techniques based on in-situ sensor measurements, remote sensing, photogrammetry, etc.;
  • Innovative metrics to assess model performance.

Dr. Stephen C. Medeiros
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • storm surge
  • tropical cyclones
  • wind
  • surface roughness
  • coastal risk
  • boundary layer processes
  • sensors
  • remote sensing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 7803 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Potential Highest Storm Tide Hazard in Taiwan Based on 40-Year Historical Typhoon Surge Hindcasting
by Yi-Chiang Yu, Hongey Chen, Hung-Ju Shih, Chih-Hsin Chang, Shih-Chun Hsiao, Wei-Bo Chen, Yung-Ming Chen, Wen-Ray Su and Lee-Yaw Lin
Atmosphere 2019, 10(6), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10060346 - 25 Jun 2019
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 5320
Abstract
Typhoon-induced storm surges are catastrophic disasters in coastal areas worldwide, although typhoon surges are not extremely high in Taiwan. However, the rising water level around an estuary could be a block that obstructs the flow of water away from the estuary and indirectly [...] Read more.
Typhoon-induced storm surges are catastrophic disasters in coastal areas worldwide, although typhoon surges are not extremely high in Taiwan. However, the rising water level around an estuary could be a block that obstructs the flow of water away from the estuary and indirectly forms an overflow in the middle or lower reaches of a river if the occurrence of the highest storm surge (HSS) coincides with the highest astronomical tide (HAT). Therefore, assessing the highest storm tide (HST, a combination of the HSS and HAT) hazard level along the coast of Taiwan is particularly important to an early warning of riverine inundation. This study hindcasted the storm surges of 122 historical typhoon events from 1979 to 2018 using a high-resolution, unstructured-grid, surge-wave fully coupled model and a hybrid typhoon wind model. The long-term recording measurements at 28 tide-measuring stations around Taiwan were used to analyze the HAT characteristics. The hindcasted HSSs of each typhoon category (the Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan classified typhoon events into nine categories according to the typhoon’s track) were extracted and superposed on the HATs to produce the individual potential HST hazard maps. Each map was classified into six hazard levels (I to VI). Finally, a comprehensive potential HST hazard map was created based on the superposition of the HSSs from 122 typhoon events and HATs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Storm Surge Modeling – Capturing the Wind)
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21 pages, 4320 KiB  
Article
The Effect of the Surface Wind Field Representation in the Operational Storm Surge Model of the National Hurricane Center
by Talea Mayo and Ning Lin
Atmosphere 2019, 10(4), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10040193 - 9 Apr 2019
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4314
Abstract
The Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) model is the operational storm surge model of the National Hurricane Center (NHC). Previous studies have found that the SLOSH model estimates storm surges with an accuracy of ±20%. In this study, through hindcasts [...] Read more.
The Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) model is the operational storm surge model of the National Hurricane Center (NHC). Previous studies have found that the SLOSH model estimates storm surges with an accuracy of ±20%. In this study, through hindcasts of historical storms, we assess the accuracy of the SLOSH model for four coastal regions in the Northeastern United States. We investigate the potential to improve this accuracy through modification of the wind field representation. We modify the surface background wind field, the parametric wind profile, and the maximum wind speed based on empirical, physical, and observational data. We find that on average the SLOSH model underestimates maximum storm surge heights by 22%. The modifications to the surface background wind field and the parametric wind profile have minor impacts; however, the effect of the modification to maximum wind speed is significant—it increases the variance in the SLOSH model estimates of maximum storm surges, but improves its accuracy overall. We recommend that observed values of maximum wind speed be used in SLOSH model simulations when possible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Storm Surge Modeling – Capturing the Wind)
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