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A special issue of Atoms (ISSN 2218-2004).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 9058

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Dr. Lalita Sharma

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Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
Interests: atomic and molecular physics; electron impact excitation; atomic structure calculations; photoionization; photoexcitation; fundamental processes in low-temperature plasma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atomic processes such as excitation and ionization by electron impact, photoexcitation, photoionization, radiative and dielectronic recombination, charge exchange, etc., are amongst the dominant processes in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. Accurate knowledge of these processes assists in investigating the spectral line emissions from plasma and thereby unveils information about the plasma properties, viz., the constituent elements and their abundances, electron density, plasma temperature, opacity, etc. With the availability of advanced experimental and computational techniques, numerous studies are being reported to meet the ever-growing demand for atomic data in this context. However, large-scale calculations/measurements are still required for several isoelectronic sequences and complex ions. The latter are particularly challenging for obtaining accurate atomic wavefunctions due to their closely spaced levels with the same J-values and parities. The strong mixing of the states has a great deal of influence on the spectroscopic and collisional properties. Therefore, we invite experimental and theoretical research articles on the above atomic processes involving heavier and complex ions that vigorously influence the modeling of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas and their applications. Reviews stating the areas where atomic data are lacking for plasma modeling are also welcome.

Dr. Lalita Sharma
Guest Editor

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Keywords

excitation
ionization
elastic scattering
transition probabilities
plasma modeling
recombination
complex atomic systems
rate coefficients

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 8162 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of Electron Impact Excitation of Na-like Kr Ion for Impurity Seeding Experiment in Large Helical Device

by Shivam Gupta, Tetsutarou Oishi and Izumi Murakami

Atoms 2023, 11(11), 142; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms11110142 - 5 Nov 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2092

Abstract

In this work, a krypton gas impurity seeding experiment was conducted in a Large Helical Device. Emission lines from the Na-like Kr ion in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region, such as 22.00 nm, 17.89 nm, 16.51 nm, 15.99 nm, and 14.08 nm, respective [...] Read more.

2 p^{6} 3 p (^{2} P_{1 / 2}^{o}) - 2 p^{6} 3 s (^{2} S_{1 / 2})

2 p^{6} 3 p (^{2} P_{3 / 2}^{o}) - 2 p^{6} 3 s (^{2} S_{1 / 2})

2 p^{6} 3 d (^{2} D_{3 / 2}) - 2 p^{6} 3 p (^{2} P_{3 / 2}^{o})

2 p^{6} 3 d (^{2} D_{5 / 2}) - 2 p^{6} 3 p (^{2} P_{3 / 2}^{o})

, and

2 p^{6} 3 d (^{2} D_{3 / 2}) - 2 p^{6} 3 p (^{2} P_{1 / 2}^{o})

transitions, are observed. In order to generate a theoretical synthetic spectrum, an extensive calculation concerning the excitation of the

{Kr}^{25 +}

ion through electron impact was performed for the development of a suitable plasma model. For this, the relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock method was employed along with its extension to the relativistic configuration interaction method to compute the relativistic bound-state wave functions and excitation energies of the fine structure levels using the General Relativistic Atomic Structure Package-2018. In addition, another set of calculations was carried out utilizing the relativistic many-body perturbation theory and relativistic configuration interaction methods integrated within the Flexible Atomic Code. To investigate the reliability of our findings, the results of excitation energies, transition probabilities, and weighted oscillator strengths of different dipole-allowed transitions obtained from these different methods are presented and compared with the available data. Further, the detailed electron impact excitation cross-sections and their respective rate coefficients are obtained for various fine structure resolved transitions using the fully relativistic distorted wave method. Rate coefficients, calculated using the Flexible Atomic Code for population and de-population kinetic processes, are integrated into the collisional-radiative plasma model to generate a theoretical spectrum. Further, the emission lines observed from the

{Kr}^{25 +}

ion in the impurity seeding experiment were compared with the present plasma model spectrum, demonstrating a noteworthy overall agreement between the measurement and the theoretical synthetic spectrum. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atomic Processes for Plasma Modeling Applications)

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15 pages, 736 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Collision Strengths of Astrophysical Interest for Multiply Charged Ions

by Stephan Fritzsche, Li-Guang Jiao, Yuan-Cheng Wang and Jozef E. Sienkiewicz

Atoms 2023, 11(5), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms11050080 - 6 May 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1955

Abstract

The electron impact excitation and ionization processes are crucial for modeling the spectra of different astrophysical objects, from atmospheres of late-type stars to remnants of supernovae and up to the light emission from neutron star mergers, to name just a few. Despite their [...] Read more.

E_{kin} ≲ 5000

eV of the free incident electron. To further explore the role of impact excitation, we here expanded Jac, the Jena Atomic Calculator, to the computation of distorted wave collision strengths for fine-structure-resolved, as well as configuration-averaged transitions. While we excluded the formation of dielectronic resonances, these tools can be readily applied for ions with a complex shell structure and by including the major relativistic contributions to these strengths. Detailed computations of the collision strengths are shown and explained for the impact excitation of lithium- and chlorine-like ions. When compared with other, well-correlated methods, good agreement was found, and hence, these tools will support studies of effective collision strengths for a wide range of electron impact energies, levels, and ionic charge states. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atomic Processes for Plasma Modeling Applications)

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12 pages, 1372 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electron-Impact Excitation of the λ190.8 nm and λ179.9 nm Intercombination Lines in the Tl⁺ Ion

by Anna Gomonai, Viktoria Roman, Aleksandr Gomonai, Aloka Kumar Sahoo and Lalita Sharma

Atoms 2022, 10(4), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms10040136 - 9 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1492

Abstract

The results of experimental and theoretical studies on electron-impact excitation of the

6 s 6 p P_{1}^{°}^{3} \to 6 s^{2} S_{0}_{1}

(λ190.8 nm) and [...] Read more.

The results of experimental and theoretical studies on electron-impact excitation of the

6 s 6 p P_{1}^{°}^{3} \to 6 s^{2} S_{0}_{1}

(λ190.8 nm) and

6 s 7 s S_{0}_{1} \to 6 s 6 p P_{1}^{°}^{3}

(λ179.9 nm) intercombination transitions in the single-charged thallium ion are presented. The crossed-beams technique was used in combination with a spectroscopic method in the experiment. A distinct structure revealed in the cross-sections of both lines results from electron decay of atomic autoionizing states and radiative transitions from upper ionic levels. The dominant mechanism of the structure formation was the Coster–Kronig process. Relativistic distorted wave calculations were performed to obtain emission cross-sections for the above transitions. The absolute values of the cross-sections were found to be (0.25 ± 0.08) × 10⁻¹⁶ cm² (λ190.8 nm) and (0.10 ± 0.04) × 10⁻¹⁶ cm² (λ179.9 nm) at the electron energy of 100 eV. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atomic Processes for Plasma Modeling Applications)

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Review

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18 pages, 27874 KiB

Open AccessReview

Review of the 1^st EUV Light Sources Code Comparison Workshop

by John Sheil, Oscar Versolato, Vivek Bakshi and Howard Scott

Atoms 2023, 11(10), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms11100130 - 13 Oct 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2136

Abstract

We review the results of the 1

^{st}

We review the results of the 1

^{st}

Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Light Sources Code Comparison Workshop. The goal of this workshop was to provide a platform for specialists in EUV light source plasma modeling to benchmark and validate their numerical codes using well-defined case studies. Detailed consideration of a plethora of atomic collisional and radiative processes is required for modeling EUV light source plasmas. Eight institutions spanning four countries contributed data to the workshop. Two topics were addressed, namely (i) the atomic kinetics and radiative properties of tin plasmas under EUV-generating conditions and (ii) laser absorption in a fully ionized, one-dimensional hydrogen plasma. In this paper, we summarize the key findings of the workshop and outline plans for future iterations of the code comparison activity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atomic Processes for Plasma Modeling Applications)

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