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Batteries
Special Issues
High Energy Density Supercapacitors: Acquisition, Characterization, and Application
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High Energy Density Supercapacitors: Acquisition, Characterization, and Application

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105). This special issue belongs to the section "Supercapacitors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2025 | Viewed by 5744

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Carmen Lǎzǎu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Dr. A. P. Podeanu 144, 300569 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: supercapacitor; electrodes; flexible supercapacitor electrode materials; nanomaterials synthesis; composite structures; physical chemistry characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cornelia Bandas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Dr. A. P. Podeanu 144, 300569 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: aero-materials; nanomaterials synthesis methods; hydrothermal methods; composite structures; physical chemistry characterization; photocatalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to publish high-quality research papers addressing the current and future advances in the development, characterization and application of supercapacitors.

In the last two decades, the market for electronic and electric mobile vehicles and portable electronic devices has constantly developed. The requirement for cost-effective and highly efficient energy storage devices has stimulated research into high-density electrochemical energy storage technologies that can deliver large amounts of power for long periods of time.

Supercapacitors are materials that exhibit high power densities but low energy densities; thus, to further improve the energy densities of supercapacitors, it is important to design and synthesize new electrode materials. Also, regarding ideal energy storage systems, in addition to energy/power characteristics, long-term stability is crucial for their specific application.

In particular, topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Methodologies for improving the energy density of supercapacitors, such as: doping the active electrode with pseudocapacitive materials, transition metal oxides/rare earths or doping with electronically conducting polymers; the manufacture of three-dimensional (3-D) structures; the use of active carbon electrodes with a large surface; modification of the functional groups on the surface of electrodes, etc.
  • Obtaining, characterizing supercapacitors and applying their special properties by integrating them into wearable or implantable biomedical devices, rechargeable sensors, military applications, automobiles, emerging technologies, etc.

Dr. Carmen Lǎzǎu
Dr. Cornelia Bandas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • supercapacitors
  • electrode
  • pseudocapacitive materials
  • carbon electrode
  • rechargeable sensors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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12 pages, 3191 KiB  
Article
Surfactant-Assisted NiCo2S4 for Redox Supercapacitors
by Mawuse Amedzo-Adore and Jeong-In Han
Batteries 2024, 10(10), 360; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10100360 - 11 Oct 2024
Viewed by 571
Abstract
Until now, crystalline NiCo2S4 and its composites have demonstrated improved performance in supercapacitor applications compared to their oxide analogues due to their relatively higher electrical conductivity and multifaceted redox reaction. However, amorphous phase materials have recently shown promise in electrochemical [...] Read more.
Until now, crystalline NiCo2S4 and its composites have demonstrated improved performance in supercapacitor applications compared to their oxide analogues due to their relatively higher electrical conductivity and multifaceted redox reaction. However, amorphous phase materials have recently shown promise in electrochemical energy storage systems. This work reports on amorphous NiCo2S4 with the help of urea via the hydrothermal method. It was noted that urea not only aided the amorphous formation but also served as a nitrogen precursor. In comparison, amorphous NiCo2S4 demonstrated a higher nitrogen atom% of 5.9 compared to 4.49 for crystalline NiCo2S4. Furthermore, the amorphous NiCo2S4 electrode exhibited superior electrochemical performance, with a specific capacitance of ~3506 F g−1, which was higher than the cNCS electrode’s specific capacitance of ~2185 F g−1 at 2 A g−1. Additionally, aNCS in a two-electrode asymmetric supercapacitor exhibited a specific capacitance and an energy density of ~196 F g−1 and 56 Wh kg−1, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Density Supercapacitors: Acquisition, Characterization, and Application)
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20 pages, 5652 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Plasma-Reduced Graphene Oxide/Lithium Titanate Oxide Composite and Its Application as Lithium-Ion Capacitor Anode Material
by Chan-Gyo Kim, Suk Jekal, Zambaga Otgonbayar, Jiwon Kim, Yoon-Ho Ra, Jungchul Noh, Won-Chun Oh and Chang-Min Yoon
Batteries 2024, 10(9), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10090311 - 31 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1107
Abstract
A plasma-reduced graphene oxide/lithium titanate oxide (PrGO/LTO) composite is prepared as an anode material to enhance the performance of lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). The PrGO/LTO composite is synthesized by mixing graphene oxide (GO) and LTO, followed by a series of freeze-drying and plasma-treatment processes. [...] Read more.
A plasma-reduced graphene oxide/lithium titanate oxide (PrGO/LTO) composite is prepared as an anode material to enhance the performance of lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). The PrGO/LTO composite is synthesized by mixing graphene oxide (GO) and LTO, followed by a series of freeze-drying and plasma-treatment processes. PrGO forms a porous three-dimensional (3D) structure with a large surface area, effectively preventing the restacking of PrGO while covering LTO. The GO/LTO mixing ratio is controlled to optimize the final structure for LIC applications. In lithium-ion half-cell assembly, the PrGO/LTO-based anode with an 80% mixing ratio exhibits the highest specific capacity of 73.0 mAh g−1 at 20 C. This is attributed to the optimized ratio for achieving high energy density from LTO and high power density from PrGO. In a LIC full-cell comprising PrGO/LTO as the anode and activated carbon as the cathode, the energy and power densities at 1 A g−1 are 40.3 Wh kg−1 and 2000 W kg−1, respectively, with a specific capacitance of 36.3 F g−1 and capacitance retention of 94.1% after 2000 cycles. Its outstanding performance, obtained from incorporating 3D-structured PrGO with LTO at an optimized ratio, lowers the cell resistance and provides efficient lithium-ion diffusion pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Density Supercapacitors: Acquisition, Characterization, and Application)
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18 pages, 5528 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Cu2O/CuO Nanowires by One-Step Thermal Oxidation of Flexible Copper Mesh for Supercapacitor Applications
by Mina-Ionela Morariu (Popescu), Mircea Nicolaescu, Iosif Hulka, Narcis Duţeanu, Corina Orha, Carmen Lăzău and Cornelia Bandas
Batteries 2024, 10(7), 246; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10070246 - 10 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1398
Abstract
This study focuses on the growth of Cu2O/CuO nanowires by one-step thermal oxidation using a flexible copper mesh at oxidation temperatures in the range of 300 to 600 °C in a controlled atmosphere of mixed-flow Ar and O2 gases. Thermal [...] Read more.
This study focuses on the growth of Cu2O/CuO nanowires by one-step thermal oxidation using a flexible copper mesh at oxidation temperatures in the range of 300 to 600 °C in a controlled atmosphere of mixed-flow Ar and O2 gases. Thermal oxidation is one of the simplest used methods to obtain nanowires on a metal surface, offering advantages such as low production costs and the ability to produce metal oxides on a large scale without the use of hazardous chemical compounds. The growth of metal oxides on a conductive substrate, forming metal/oxide structures, has proven to be an effective method for enhancing charge-transfer efficiency. The as-synthesized Cu/Cu2O/CuO (Nw) electrodes were structurally and morphologically characterized using techniques such as XRD and SEM/EDX analysis to investigate the structure modification and morphologies of the materials. The supercapacitor properties of the as-developed Cu/Cu2O/CuO (Nw) electrodes were then examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The CV curves show that the Cu/Cu2O/CuO (Nw) structure acts as a positive electrode, and, at a scan rate of 5 mV s −1, the highest capacitance values reached 26.158 mF cm−2 for the electrode oxidized at a temperature of 300 °C. The assessment of the flexibility of the electrodes was performed at various bending angles, including 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, and 180°. The GCD analysis revealed a maximum specific capacitance of 21.198 mF cm−2 at a low power density of 0.5 mA cm−2 for the oxidation temperature of 300 °C. The cycle life assessment of the all of the as-obtained Cu/Cu2O/CuO (Nw) electrodes over 500 cycles was performed by GCD analysis, which confirmed their electrochemical stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Density Supercapacitors: Acquisition, Characterization, and Application)
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Other

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35 pages, 3047 KiB  
Systematic Review
Role of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide in Electric Double-Layer Capacitors: A Systematic Review
by Talia Tene, Stefano Bellucci, Marco Guevara, Paul Romero, Alberto Guapi, Lala Gahramanli, Salvatore Straface, Lorenzo S. Caputi and Cristian Vacacela Gomez
Batteries 2024, 10(7), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10070256 - 17 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1926
Abstract
The evolution of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) has significantly benefited from advancements in graphene-based materials, particularly graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). This systematic review consolidates and analyzes existing research on the roles of GO and rGO in enhancing the performance [...] Read more.
The evolution of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) has significantly benefited from advancements in graphene-based materials, particularly graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). This systematic review consolidates and analyzes existing research on the roles of GO and rGO in enhancing the performance of EDLCs, focusing on synthesis methods, electrode fabrication, electrolytes, and performance metrics such as capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability. Following the PICOS and PRISMA frameworks, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and IEEE Xplore, covering the period from 2010 to 2023. A total of 128 articles were initially identified, with 27 studies meeting the inclusion criteria after rigorous screening and full-text analysis. Key findings reveal that the incorporation of GO and rGO in EDLCs leads to significant improvements in specific capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability. Notable advancements include novel synthesis techniques and composite materials such as nitrogen-doped graphene, graphene/polyaniline hybrids, and various metal oxide–graphene composites, which exhibit superior electrochemical performance. However, challenges such as material scalability, environmental sustainability, and consistency in synthesis methods remain. This review stresses the great potential of GO and rGO in the development of high-performance EDLCs and highlights the need for continued research to address existing challenges and further optimize material properties and fabrication techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Energy Density Supercapacitors: Acquisition, Characterization, and Application)
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