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Biology
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Gastric Cancer: From New Molecular Insights to Innovative Robotical Approaches
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Gastric Cancer: From New Molecular Insights to Innovative Robotical Approaches

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 14492

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessio Biagioni

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Guest Editor
Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, Florence, Italy
Interests: cancer genetics; gastric cancer; angiogenesis; tumor metabolism; CRISPR gene editing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fabio Staderini

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Guest Editor
Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi University Hospital of Florence and University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
Interests: oncology; gastric surgery; robotics; new technologies; minimally invasive surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastric cancer is to date the fifth most common malignancy worldwide, accounting for a third of all cancer-related deaths, and, even though huge research efforts have been spent to better understand such disease, it is urgent to challenge this kind of cancer from different points of view.

This Special Issue aims to collect all new molecular evidences focusing on the heterogeneous biology of gastric cancer, especially evaluating the genetic and prognostic discrepancies between Asian and Caucasian populations. Helicobacter pylori infection, lifestyle, and diet habits are well established gastric cancer risk factors, but still remain to be defined if any different genetic cause is in relationship between the divergent clinical presentation between Eastern and Western populations. It is in fact well known that gastric cancer in Eastern countries is always diagnosed at earlier stages than in Western ones. Such discordances reflect not only a probable different molecular behavior but also diffent clinical approaches. The possibility to better define gastric cancer genetics differences plays a pivotal role, as it can lead to earlier stage diagnosis and to higher possibility of minimally invasive tratments such as robotic surgery.

In this context, innovative approaches such as the generation of knockout cell lines via CRISPR will fuel the research of hidden molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we intend to analyze the studies revealing new insights about chemoresistance, which is still the main challenge to face. We also want to explore all the brand new therapeutic options regarding chemotherapy and surgical approaches.

We do believe that the articles included in this Special Issue will be helpful to provide an overview of the current knowledge about gastric cancer and will inspire new advancement in basic and translational cancer biology.

Dr. Alessio Biagioni
Dr. Fabio Staderini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Gastric Cancer
  • Cancer Biomarkers
  • Cancer Genetics
  • Tumor Angiogenesis
  • Chemotherapies
  • Drug Resistance
  • Robotic Surgery
  • Molecular Biology
  • CRISPR

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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15 pages, 9874 KiB  
Review
The Role and Expression of Angiogenesis-Related miRNAs in Gastric Cancer
by Martina Giuppi, Anna La Salvia, Jessica Evangelista and Michele Ghidini
Biology 2021, 10(2), 146; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10020146 - 12 Feb 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3052
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor and the third highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. For advanced GC, many novel drugs and combinations have been tested, but results are still disappointing, and the disease is incurable in the [...] Read more.
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most frequently diagnosed malignant tumor and the third highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. For advanced GC, many novel drugs and combinations have been tested, but results are still disappointing, and the disease is incurable in the majority of cases. In this regard, it is critical to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying GC development. Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer with a fundamental role in GC growth and progression. Ramucirumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds to vascular endothelial growth factor-2 (VEGFR-2), is approved in the treatment of advanced and pretreated GC. However, no predictive biomarkers for ramucirumab have been identified so far. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily-conserved single-stranded non-coding RNAs that play an important role (via post-transcriptional regulation) in essentially all biologic processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival, invasion, and migration. In our review, we aimed to analyze the available data on the role of angiogenesis-related miRNAs in GC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gastric Cancer: From New Molecular Insights to Innovative Robotical Approaches)
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43 pages, 10076 KiB  
Review
STAT3 Pathway in Gastric Cancer: Signaling, Therapeutic Targeting and Future Prospects
by Milad Ashrafizadeh, Ali Zarrabi, Sima Orouei, Vahideh Zarrin, Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam, Amirhossein Zabolian, Shima Mohammadi, Kiavash Hushmandi, Yashar Gharehaghajlou, Pooyan Makvandi, Masoud Najafi and Reza Mohammadinejad
Biology 2020, 9(6), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9060126 - 12 Jun 2020
Cited by 72 | Viewed by 7556
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways play a significant role in the regulation of biological mechanisms, and their abnormal expression can provide the conditions for cancer development. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key member of the STAT proteins and its [...] Read more.
Molecular signaling pathways play a significant role in the regulation of biological mechanisms, and their abnormal expression can provide the conditions for cancer development. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key member of the STAT proteins and its oncogene role in cancer has been shown. STAT3 is able to promote the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells and induces chemoresistance. Different downstream targets of STAT3 have been identified in cancer and it has also been shown that microRNA (miR), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and other molecular pathways are able to function as upstream mediators of STAT3 in cancer. In the present review, we focus on the role and regulation of STAT3 in gastric cancer (GC). miRs and lncRNAs are considered as potential upstream mediators of STAT3 and they are able to affect STAT3 expression in exerting their oncogene or onco-suppressor role in GC cells. Anti-tumor compounds suppress the STAT3 signaling pathway to restrict the proliferation and malignant behavior of GC cells. Other molecular pathways, such as sirtuin, stathmin and so on, can act as upstream mediators of STAT3 in GC. Notably, the components of the tumor microenvironment that are capable of targeting STAT3 in GC, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, are discussed in this review. Finally, we demonstrate that STAT3 can target oncogene factors to enhance the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gastric Cancer: From New Molecular Insights to Innovative Robotical Approaches)
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Other

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16 pages, 2589 KiB  
Concept Paper
5-Fluorouracil Conversion Pathway Mutations in Gastric Cancer
by Alessio Biagioni, Fabio Staderini, Sara Peri, Giampaolo Versienti, Nicola Schiavone, Fabio Cianchi, Laura Papucci and Lucia Magnelli
Biology 2020, 9(9), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9090265 - 2 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3082
Abstract
To date, 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a major component of several chemotherapy regimens, thus its study is of fundamental importance to better understand all the causes that may lead to chemoresistance and treatment failure. Given the evident differences between prognosis in Asian and Caucasian [...] Read more.
To date, 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a major component of several chemotherapy regimens, thus its study is of fundamental importance to better understand all the causes that may lead to chemoresistance and treatment failure. Given the evident differences between prognosis in Asian and Caucasian populations, triggered by clear genetic discordances and given the extreme genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancer (GC), the evaluation of the most frequent mutations in every single member of the 5FU conversion and activation pathway might reveal several important results. Here, we exploited the cBioPortal analysis software to query a large databank of clinical and wide-genome studies to evaluate the components of the three major 5FU transformation pathways. We demonstrated that mutations in such ways were associated with a poor prognosis and reduced overall survival, often caused by a deletion in the TYMP gene and amplification in TYMS. The use of prodrugs and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) inhibitors, which normally catabolizes 5FU into inactive metabolites, improved such chemotherapies, but several steps forward still need to be taken to select better therapies to target the chemoresistant pools of cells with high anaplastic features and genomic instability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gastric Cancer: From New Molecular Insights to Innovative Robotical Approaches)
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