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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 15181

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Emanuela Chiarella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: mesenchymal stem cells; adipogenic differentiation; osteoblastic differentiation; chondrogenic differentiation; haematopoietic stem cells; cell metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Mesuraca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: cell metabolism; gene transfer; cell differentiation; signaling pathways; transcription factors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nisticò Clelia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Interests: cancer metabolism; DNA damage; lipid droplets; oxidative stress

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer characterized by a clonal proliferation of progenitor cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood, resulting in the rapid growth of immature malignant cells and fewer differentiated red and white blood cells as well as platelets. This hematological disorder is the most common leukemia in adults and predominantly occurs in older people (> 60 years of age). Metabolic reprogramming is a key feature of many cancers, including AML, as it provides ATP and intermediates for the synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids, required by cancer cells to accomplish the life span.

Although metabolic dysregulations contribute to the aggressiveness of acute myeloid leukemia, the biochemical mechanisms underlying these metabolic dependencies are largely unexplored; investigations in this field can be exploited to identify new therapeutic targets.

This Special Issue of Biomedicines gives an opportunity to describe recent original research in the field of AML, focusing on changes in cell metabolism. We are particularly interested in the analysis of atypical metabolic phenotype, especially of leukemia stem cells, to identify new potential molecular biomarkers with a clinical relevance. Since human malignancies cells have a variety of altered signatures of metabolism, targeting biochemistry talks may have potential in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Dr. Emanuela Chiarella
Dr. Mesuraca Maria
Dr. Nisticò Clelia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • acute myeloid leukemia
  • leukemia stem cells
  • biochemistry metabolism
  • glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism
  • AML biomarkers

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 218 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial to the Special Issue “Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia”
by Maria Mesuraca, Clelia Nisticò and Emanuela Chiarella
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1339; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051339 - 2 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1505
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal malignant disorder of myeloid progenitor cells characterized by uncontrolled proliferation, dysregulation in the differentiation program, and inhibition of apoptosis mechanisms [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia)

Research

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21 pages, 3925 KiB  
Article
An Analysis of Transcriptomic Burden Identifies Biological Progression Roadmaps for Hematological Malignancies and Solid Tumors
by Dashnamoorthy Ravi, Afshin Beheshti, Kristine Burgess, Athena Kritharis, Ying Chen, Andrew M. Evens and Biju Parekkadan
Biomedicines 2022, 10(11), 2720; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10112720 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4332
Abstract
Biological paths of tumor progression are difficult to predict without time-series data. Using median shift and abacus transformation in the analysis of RNA sequencing data sets, natural patient stratifications were found based on their transcriptomic burden (TcB). Using gene-behavior analysis, TcB groups were [...] Read more.
Biological paths of tumor progression are difficult to predict without time-series data. Using median shift and abacus transformation in the analysis of RNA sequencing data sets, natural patient stratifications were found based on their transcriptomic burden (TcB). Using gene-behavior analysis, TcB groups were evaluated further to discover biological courses of tumor progression. We found that solid tumors and hematological malignancies (n = 4179) share conserved biological patterns, and biological network complexity decreases at increasing TcB levels. An analysis of gene expression datasets including pediatric leukemia patients revealed TcB patterns with biological directionality and survival implications. A prospective interventional study with PI3K targeted therapy in canine lymphomas proved that directional biological responses are dynamic. To conclude, TcB-enriched biological mechanisms detected the existence of biological trajectories within tumors. Using this prognostic informative novel informatics method, which can be applied to tumor transcriptomes and progressive diseases inspires the design of progression-specific therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
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Review

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13 pages, 1108 KiB  
Review
An Overview on Lipid Droplets Accumulation as Novel Target for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy
by Clelia Nisticò and Emanuela Chiarella
Biomedicines 2023, 11(12), 3186; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123186 - 30 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2442
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a key alteration in tumorigenesis. In cancer cells, changes in metabolic fluxes are required to cope with large demands on ATP, NADPH, and NADH, as well as carbon skeletons. In particular, dysregulation in lipid metabolism ensures a great energy source [...] Read more.
Metabolic reprogramming is a key alteration in tumorigenesis. In cancer cells, changes in metabolic fluxes are required to cope with large demands on ATP, NADPH, and NADH, as well as carbon skeletons. In particular, dysregulation in lipid metabolism ensures a great energy source for the cells and sustains cell membrane biogenesis and signaling molecules, which are necessary for tumor progression. Increased lipid uptake and synthesis results in intracellular lipid accumulation as lipid droplets (LDs), which in recent years have been considered hallmarks of malignancies. Here, we review current evidence implicating the biogenesis, composition, and functions of lipid droplets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This is an aggressive hematological neoplasm originating from the abnormal expansion of myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow and blood and can be fatal within a few months without treatment. LD accumulation positively correlates with a poor prognosis in AML since it involves the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways and cross-talk between the tumor microenvironment and leukemic cells. Targeting altered LD production could represent a potential therapeutic strategy in AML. From this perspective, we discuss the main inhibitors tested in in vitro AML cell models to block LD formation, which is often associated with leukemia aggressiveness and which may find clinical application in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
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Graphical abstract

13 pages, 1154 KiB  
Review
Association between Immunophenotypic Parameters and Molecular Alterations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
by Flávia Melo Cunha de Pinho Pessoa, Caio Bezerra Machado, Igor Valentim Barreto, Giulia Freire Sampaio, Deivide de Sousa Oliveira, Rodrigo Monteiro Ribeiro, Germison Silva Lopes, Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes, Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho, Lucas Eduardo Botelho de Souza, André Salim Khayat and Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
Biomedicines 2023, 11(4), 1098; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041098 - 5 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5856
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy that occurs due to alterations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, or changes in molecular levels. These alterations can accumulate in stem cells and hematopoietic progenitors, leading to the development of AML, which has a [...] Read more.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematologic malignancy that occurs due to alterations such as genetic mutations, chromosomal translocations, or changes in molecular levels. These alterations can accumulate in stem cells and hematopoietic progenitors, leading to the development of AML, which has a prevalence of 80% of acute leukemias in the adult population. Recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities, in addition to mediating leukemogenesis onset, participate in its evolution and can be used as established diagnostic and prognostic markers. Most of these mutations confer resistance to the traditionally used treatments and, therefore, the aberrant protein products are also considered therapeutic targets. The surface antigens of a cell are characterized through immunophenotyping, which has the ability to identify and differentiate the degrees of maturation and the lineage of the target cell, whether benign or malignant. With this, we seek to establish a relationship according to the molecular aberrations and immunophenotypic alterations that cells with AML present. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Biochemical Mechanisms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia)
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