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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis
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Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 15422

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hyeone Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: atopic dermatitis; psoriasis; transcriptome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the past few decades, research on atopic dermatitis and psoriasis has been very active. As a result, researchers have found that many biological and small molecule drugs that target these two diseases are under development or are actually being prescribed to patients in clinical settings. However, more molecular, immunological, and neurological mechanisms and clinical studies are needed for precise medical treatment according to the patient's endotype and phenotype for each biomarker.

Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are typical chronic inflammatory skin diseases. These were thought to be very different diseases caused by Th2 and Th1 immunological bias, respectively. However, many studies have revealed that the Th17/Th22 pathway in these two diseases has a common influence on disease initiation and chronicity. In addition to immunological abnormalities, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis have shared pathophysiology, such as abnormal skin barrier function, pruritus, genetic mutations, environmental influences, and neurophysiological abnormalities. Therefore, interesting results are often obtained when comparing these two diseases.

In this section, we welcome all research papers on molecular biology, immunological, neurophysiology, and biomarkers of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, or research papers comparing the pathophysiology and treatment modalities of the two diseases.

Dr. Hyeone Kim
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • atopic dermatitis
  • biomarker endotypes
  • mutation
  • next-generation sequencing
  • phenotypes
  • psoriasis
  • transcriptome

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 350 KiB  
Article
ABCC1, ABCG2 and FOXP3: Predictive Biomarkers of Toxicity from Methotrexate Treatment in Patients Diagnosed with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis
by Cristina Membrive-Jiménez, Sayleth Vieira-Maroun, Noelia Márquez-Pete, Yasmin Cura, Cristina Pérez-Ramírez, Jesús Tercedor-Sánchez, Alberto Jiménez-Morales and María del Carmen Ramírez-Tortosa
Biomedicines 2023, 11(9), 2567; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092567 - 19 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1498
Abstract
Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most extensively used drugs in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis (PS). However, it frequently must be suspended owing to the toxicity in certain patients. Objective: To evaluate the influence of ABCC1, ABCG2, and FOXP3 in [...] Read more.
Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most extensively used drugs in the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis (PS). However, it frequently must be suspended owing to the toxicity in certain patients. Objective: To evaluate the influence of ABCC1, ABCG2, and FOXP3 in the development of MTX toxicity in PS. Methods: Retrospective cohort study with 101 patients. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probes. Results: Patients carrying ABCC1 rs2238476-AG genotype (AG vs. GG: OR = 8.04; 95% CI = 1.48–46.78; p = 0.015); FOXP3 rs376154-GT and GG genotypes (GT vs. TT/GG: OR = 3.86; 95% CI = 1.17–13.92; p = 0.031) and ABCG2 rs13120400-T allele (T vs. CC: OR = 8.33; 95% CI = 1.24–164.79; p = 0.059) showed a higher risk of developing more than one adverse effect. The toxicity analysis by subtypes showed that the ABCC1 rs2238476-AG genotype (AG vs. GG: OR = 8.10; 95% CI = 1.69–46.63; p = 0.011) and FOXP3 rs376154-GT genotype (OR = 4.11; 95% CI = 1.22–15.30; p = 0.027) were associated with the appearance of asthenia. No association of the other ABCC1 polymorphisms (rs35592 and rs246240) with MTX toxicity was found. Conclusion: ABCC1, ABCG2, and FOXP3 polymorphisms can be considered to be risk biomarkers of toxicities in PS patients treated with MTX. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis)
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9 pages, 535 KiB  
Communication
Serum Levels of Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin, Platelet-Activating Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Adult Patients with Atopic Dermatitis—A Pilot Study
by Krzysztof Gomułka, Ewa Wójcik and Jacek Cezary Szepietowski
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3109; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123109 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1538
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, highly pruritic, relapsing–remitting inflammatory skin disease. The etiology of AD has not been fully explained yet and complex interactions of various small molecules are still being taken into account. The aim of this research was to investigate [...] Read more.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, highly pruritic, relapsing–remitting inflammatory skin disease. The etiology of AD has not been fully explained yet and complex interactions of various small molecules are still being taken into account. The aim of this research was to investigate the serum eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), platelet activating factor (PAF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations in relation to the disease severity and pruritus intensity in adult patients with AD. This pilot study was performed on 30 participants (15 patients with AD and 15 healthy controls). Blood samples were taken to examine the serum levels of EDN, PAF and VEGF using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The severity of disease was assessed by the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. The intensity of pruritus, as a subjective symptom, was determined by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Obtained results revealed that the EDN (p = 0.016) and VEGF (p = 0.032), but not PAF (p = 0.841) concentrations were significantly higher in patients with AD compared with those of the control group. There was positive correlation between the EDN level and the SCORAD index in patients with AD (r = −0.9, p = 0.037) which was not found for the PAF and VEGF levels. Circulating EDN, PAF and VEGF levels were not significantly correlated with the severity of pruritus. Our results suggest that the END and VEGF serum levels are significantly increased in patients with AD compared to control group. Moreover, EDN might be useful to reflect the severity of symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis)
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12 pages, 920 KiB  
Article
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Biologics (Secukinumab, Ustekinumab, and Guselkumab) for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Real-World Data from a Single Korean Center
by Seung-Won Jung, Sung Ha Lim, Jae Joon Jeon, Yeon-Woo Heo, Mi Soo Choi and Seung-Phil Hong
Biomedicines 2022, 10(5), 1058; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051058 - 3 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3455
Abstract
Biologics are important treatment options for psoriasis; however, direct comparison of their efficacy, safety, and drug survival is insufficient in clinical practice. This retrospective single-center study aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and drug survival of three commonly used psoriasis biologics (secukinumab, ustekinumab, [...] Read more.
Biologics are important treatment options for psoriasis; however, direct comparison of their efficacy, safety, and drug survival is insufficient in clinical practice. This retrospective single-center study aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and drug survival of three commonly used psoriasis biologics (secukinumab, ustekinumab, and guselkumab) and identify the factors affecting drug survival in actual clinics in Korea. We enrolled 111 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and for at least 56 weeks of follow-up; among these, 27, 23, and 61 were administered secukinumab, ustekinumab, and guselkumab, respectively. All groups were comparable with respect to their baseline characteristics. Secukinumab showed a rapid response, and guselkumab was superior in terms of a long-term response and complete remission compared with other biologics, while ustekinumab showed a lower efficacy compared with other biologics. All three biologics had a favorable and similar safety profile; however, allergic reactions and latent tuberculosis were more common with secukinumab and ustekinumab, respectively. Guselkumab was the most sustained biologic, and the survival rates of secukinumab and ustekinumab were similar. Drug survival was remarkably shorter in female patients and those with hypertension. Introduction of new biologics emerged as a negative factor for drug survival in clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis)
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Review

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16 pages, 2355 KiB  
Review
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors: Evidence of Therapeutic Targets in Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases
by Han-Bi Kim, Ji-Young Um, Bo-Young Chung, Jin-Cheol Kim, Seok-Young Kang, Chun-Wook Park and Hye-One Kim
Biomedicines 2022, 10(5), 1087; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051087 - 7 May 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3730
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor, is important for xenobiotic metabolism and binds to various endogenous and exogenous ligands present in the skin. AhR is known to be associated with diseases in various organs; however, its functions in chronic inflammatory [...] Read more.
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor, is important for xenobiotic metabolism and binds to various endogenous and exogenous ligands present in the skin. AhR is known to be associated with diseases in various organs; however, its functions in chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis (PS), have recently been elucidated. Here, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of AhR related to chronic inflammatory skin diseases, such as AD and PS, and the mechanisms of action of AhR on the skin immune system. The importance of AhR molecular biological pathways, clinical features in animal models, and AhR ligands in skin diseases need to be investigated. In conclusion, the therapeutic effects of AhR ligands are demonstrated based on the relationship between AhR and skin diseases. Nevertheless, further studies are required to elucidate the detailed roles of AhR in chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis)
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31 pages, 1958 KiB  
Review
Proteomic Studies of Psoriasis
by Vladimir V. Sobolev, Anna G. Soboleva, Elena V. Denisova, Eva A. Pechatnikova, Eugenia Dvoryankova, Irina M. Korsunskaya and Alexandre Mezentsev
Biomedicines 2022, 10(3), 619; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030619 - 7 Mar 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3970
Abstract
In this review paper, we discuss the contribution of proteomic studies to the discovery of disease-specific biomarkers to monitor the disease and evaluate available treatment options for psoriasis. Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent skin disorders driven by a Th17-specific immune response. [...] Read more.
In this review paper, we discuss the contribution of proteomic studies to the discovery of disease-specific biomarkers to monitor the disease and evaluate available treatment options for psoriasis. Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent skin disorders driven by a Th17-specific immune response. Although potential patients have a genetic predisposition to psoriasis, the etiology of the disease remains unknown. During the last two decades, proteomics became deeply integrated with psoriatic research. The data obtained in proteomic studies facilitated the discovery of novel mechanisms and the verification of many experimental hypotheses of the disease pathogenesis. The detailed data analysis revealed multiple differentially expressed proteins and significant changes in proteome associated with the disease and drug efficacy. In this respect, there is a need for proteomic studies to characterize the role of the disease-specific biomarkers in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, develop clinical applications to choose the most efficient treatment options and monitor the therapeutic response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis)
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