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Biosensors
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Waveguide Biosensors
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Waveguide Biosensors

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical and Photonic Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 9944

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Lai-Kwan Chau

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan
Interests: biosensors; waveguide sensors; plasmonics; surface-enhanced Raman scattering; nanomaterials; noble metal nanoparticles; sol–gel; self-assembled monolayer; new biosensing methods applied to biomedicine; environmental monitoring; agriculture; food safety testing; biointeraction analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Waveguides are thin films or cylindrical microstructures that effectively conduct light. Their small size, flexible geometry, ability to channel light over a long distance, and noise immunity make waveguides ideal for chemical and biochemical sensing. Waveguides are increasing used to improve sensitivity in bioanalysis. Plasmonics is an emerging branch of nanophotonics that has shown itself to have an increasing impact in bioanalysis. There are two types of surface plasmon resonance (SPR): the more traditional propagating SPR (PSPR) and the more recent localized SPR (LSPR) based on nanostructures. Both types of SPR sensing techniques have been applied to a wide range of biomolecular interactions and quantitation. Plasmonic nanostructures are also very attractive for surface-enhanced spectroscopies such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface-enhanced absorption (SEA), and surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF). In particular, the sensing sensitivity increases as the interaction length increases. The smart combination of the two branches, plasmonics and waveguide, typically has a few orders of magnitude better detection limit than that of either one alone, potentially leading to a new generation of biosensors.

This Special Issue focuses on the recent progress in waveguides (WGs), in particular plasmonic waveguide (PW) biosensors, as a platform for biochemical analysis. We invite authors to submit manuscripts that help to advance waveguide sensing platforms and their applications in various bioanalytical fields. Articles may include, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • Fiber optic biosensors;
  • Planar waveguide-based biosensors;
  • Guided mode resonance biosensors;
  • Grating-based biosensors;
  • Microring resonator-based biosensors;
  • Photonic crystal-based biosensors;
  • Waveguide biosensors based on other kinds of waveguide structures;
  • Integration of microfluidics with waveguides for biosensing;
  • New waveguide materials;
  • Fiber optic PSPR biosensors;
  • Planar waveguide-based PSPR biosensors;
  • Fiber optic LSPR biosensors;
  • Planar waveguide-based LSPR biosensors;
  • Plasmonic waveguide interferometer biosensors;
  • Plasmonic waveguides for SERS, SEA, and SEF developments;
  • New waveguide structures and sensors that have a potential to be integrated with plasmonics;
  • New nanomaterials for PW biosensors;
  • Application of GW and PW in biomedical applications;
  • Application of GW and PW in agricultural and food safety testing applications;
  • Application of GW and PW in environmental applications;
  • Application of GW and PW in drug discovery;
  • Application of GW and PW in biointeraction analysis.

Prof. Dr. Lai-Kwan Chau
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensor
  • waveguide
  • optical fiber
  • planar waveguide
  • guided mode resonance
  • resonant waveguide grating
  • microring resonator
  • photonic crystal
  • plasmonics
  • propagating surface plasmon resonance
  • localized surface plasmon resonance
  • noble metal nanoparticle
  • nanostructure
  • nanomaterial
  • surface-enhanced Raman scattering
  • surface-enhanced absorption
  • surface-enhanced fluorescence
  • microfluidics
  • biomedical analysis
  • agricultural analysis
  • food safety testing
  • environmental monitoring
  • drug discovery
  • biointeraction analysis

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 9690 KiB  
Article
Multiwavelength Photoacoustic Doppler Flowmetry of Living Microalgae Cells
by Tayyab Farooq, Xiuru Wu, Sheng Yan and Hui Fang
Biosensors 2024, 14(8), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14080397 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1053
Abstract
Photoacoustics can provide a direct measurement of light absorption by microalgae depending on the photosynthesis pigment within them. In this study, we have performed photoacoustic flowmetry on living microalgae cells to measure their flow characteristics, which include flow speed, flow angle, flow direction, [...] Read more.
Photoacoustics can provide a direct measurement of light absorption by microalgae depending on the photosynthesis pigment within them. In this study, we have performed photoacoustic flowmetry on living microalgae cells to measure their flow characteristics, which include flow speed, flow angle, flow direction, and, more importantly, the photoacoustic absorption spectrum, all by observing the photoacoustic Doppler power spectra during their flowing state. A supercontinuum pulsed laser with a high repetition frequency is used as the light source: through intensity modulation at a specified frequency, it can provide wavelength-selectable excitation of a photoacoustic signal centered around this frequency. Our approach can be useful to simultaneously measure the flow characteristics of microalgae and easily discriminate their different species with high accuracy in both static and dynamic states, thus facilitating the study of their cultivation and their role in our ecosystem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Waveguide Biosensors)
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14 pages, 2171 KiB  
Article
Trace Determination of Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus in Contaminated Larvae and Pond Water Samples Using Label-Free Fiber Optic Nanoplasmonic Biosensor
by Yuan-Yu Chen, Chih-Lu Wu, Chia-Wei Hsu, Chih-Hui Wang, Chung-Rui Su, Chun-Jen Huang, Hau-Ren Chen, Lai-Kwan Chau and Shau-Chun Wang
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 907; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100907 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2052
Abstract
We developed a fast (<20 min), label-free fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) immunosensing method to detect nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which often infects high-value economic aquatic species, such as grouper. Using spiked NNV particles in a phosphate buffer as samples, the standard [...] Read more.
We developed a fast (<20 min), label-free fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) immunosensing method to detect nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which often infects high-value economic aquatic species, such as grouper. Using spiked NNV particles in a phosphate buffer as samples, the standard calibration curve obtained was linear (R2 = 0.99) and the limit of detection (LOD) achieved was 2.75 × 104 TCID50/mL, which is superior to that obtained using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). By using an enhancement method called fiber optic nanogold-linked immunosorbent assay (FONLISA), the LOD can be further improved to <1 TCID50/mL, which is comparable to that found by the conventional qPCR method. Employing the larvae homogenate samples of NNV-infected grouper, the results obtained by the FOPPR biosensor agree with those obtained by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. We also examined pond water samples from an infected container in an indoor aquaculture facility. The lowest detectable level of NNV coat protein was found to be 0.17 μg/mL, which is one order lower than the LOD reported by ELISA. Therefore, we demonstrated the potential of the FOPPR biosensor as an outbreak surveillance tool, which is able to give warning indication even when the trend of larvae death toll increment is still not clear. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Waveguide Biosensors)
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14 pages, 3603 KiB  
Article
Multimode Fano Resonances Sensing Based on a Non-Through MIM Waveguide with a Square Split-Ring Resonance Cavity
by Jianfeng Chen, Xinyu Lian, Ming Zhao and Chenbo Xie
Biosensors 2022, 12(5), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12050306 - 6 May 2022
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 2710
Abstract
In this article, a non-through metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide that can excite fivefold Fano resonances is reported. The Fano resonances are obtained by the interaction between the modes excited by the square split-ring resonator (SSRC) and the bus waveguide. After a detailed analysis of [...] Read more.
In this article, a non-through metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide that can excite fivefold Fano resonances is reported. The Fano resonances are obtained by the interaction between the modes excited by the square split-ring resonator (SSRC) and the bus waveguide. After a detailed analysis of the transmission characteristics and magnetic field strength of the structure using the finite element method (FEM), it was found that the independent tuning of Fano resonance wavelength and transmittance can be achieved by adjusting the geometric parameters of SSRC. In addition, after optimizing the geometric parameters, the refractive index sensing sensitivity (S) and figure of merit (FOM) of the structure can be optimal, which are 1290.2 nm/RIU and 3.6 × 104, respectively. Additionally, the annular cavity of the MIM waveguide structure can also be filled with biomass solution to act as a biosensor. On this basis, the structure can be produced for optical refractive index sensing in the biological, micro and nano fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Waveguide Biosensors)
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14 pages, 1829 KiB  
Article
Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of C-Reaction Protein Using Robust Self-Compensated Guided-Mode Resonance BioSensing System for Point-of-Care Applications
by Chu-Tung Yeh, Devesh Barshilia, Chia-Jui Hsieh, Hsun-Yuan Li, Wen-Hsin Hsieh and Guo-En Chang
Biosensors 2021, 11(12), 523; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11120523 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3899
Abstract
The rapid and sensitive detection of human C-reactive protein (CRP) in a point-of-care (POC) may be conducive to the early diagnosis of various diseases. Biosensors have emerged as a new technology for rapid and accurate detection of CRP for POC applications. Here, we [...] Read more.
The rapid and sensitive detection of human C-reactive protein (CRP) in a point-of-care (POC) may be conducive to the early diagnosis of various diseases. Biosensors have emerged as a new technology for rapid and accurate detection of CRP for POC applications. Here, we propose a rapid and highly stable guided-mode resonance (GMR) optofluidic biosensing system based on intensity detection with self-compensation, which substantially reduces the instability caused by environmental factors for a long detection time. In addition, a low-cost LED serving as the light source and a photodetector are used for intensity detection and real-time biosensing, and the system compactness facilitates POC applications. Self-compensation relies on a polarizing beam splitter to separate the transverse-magnetic-polarized light and transverse-electric-polarized light from the light source. The transverse-electric-polarized light is used as a background signal for compensating noise, while the transverse-magnetic-polarized light is used as the light source for the GMR biosensor. After compensation, noise is drastically reduced, and both the stability and performance of the system are enhanced over a long period. Refractive index experiments revealed a resolution improvement by 181% when using the proposed system with compensation. In addition, the system was successfully applied to CRP detection, and an outstanding limit of detection of 1.95 × 10−8 g/mL was achieved, validating the proposed measurement system for biochemical reaction detection. The proposed GMR biosensing sensing system can provide a low-cost, compact, rapid, sensitive, and highly stable solution for a variety of point-of-care applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Waveguide Biosensors)
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