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Biosensors
Special Issues
Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing
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Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 11165

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Chengzhou Zhu

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Guest Editor
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
Interests: atomic scale materials; electrocatalysis; biocatalysis; nanozymes; biosensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wenling Gu

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Guest Editor
College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
Interests: carbon and metal nanomaterials for electrochemical and analytical applications
Dr. Liuyong Hu

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Guest Editor
Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
Interests: photoelectrochemical biosensors and energy catalysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The introduction of nanomaterials to biosensors allows the incorporation of their novel functions into sensing systems due to their unique physicochemical properties, accelerating the signal transduction and enhancing sensing performances with high sensitivity and low detection limits. Significantly, the emerging of atomic scale materials further break through the limitation of conventional nanomaterials, injecting new vitality into the development of nanomaterial-involved biosensors. Furthermore, coupled with other signal amplification strategies, the rational design of novel nanobiointerfaces and in-depth understanding of the interplay between biosystems and nanomaterials offers more opportunities to facilitate their applications in biosensing field. This Special Issue entitled “Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing” will showcase the recent advances in nanomaterial-enhanced biosensing and look into future opportunities in this field. The editors of this research topic welcome research and review papers covering both nanomaterial engineering and their biosensing applications, achieving the ultimate goal of presenting challenges in nanomaterial-enhanced biosensing and detecting trace amounts of a wide variety of analytes.

Prof. Dr. Chengzhou Zhu
Dr. Wenling Gu
Dr. Liuyong Hu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • atomic scale materials
  • material engineering
  • nanozymes
  • nanocatalysis
  • biosensing

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 5212 KiB  
Article
One-Pot Preparation of Imidazole-Ring-Modified Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanozymes for Colorimetric Glucose Detection
by Yuanyuan Chen, Xueyou Gao, Hang Xue, Guohui Liu, Yue Zhou and Jian Peng
Biosensors 2022, 12(11), 930; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12110930 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2189
Abstract
Nanozymes are highly desired to overcome the shortcomings of natural enzymes, such as low stability, high cost and difficult storage during biosensing applications. Herein, by imitating the structure of natural enzymes, we propose a one-pot annealing process to synthesis imidazole-ring-modified graphitic carbon nitride [...] Read more.
Nanozymes are highly desired to overcome the shortcomings of natural enzymes, such as low stability, high cost and difficult storage during biosensing applications. Herein, by imitating the structure of natural enzymes, we propose a one-pot annealing process to synthesis imidazole-ring-modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4-Im) with enhanced peroxidase-like activity. g-C3N4-Im shows enhanced peroxidase-like activity by 46.5 times compared to unmodified g-C3N4. Furthermore, imidazole rings of g-C3N4-Im make it possible to anchor Cu(II) active sites on it to produce g-C3N4-Im-Cu, which shows a further increase in peroxidase-like activity by three times. It should be noted that the as-prepared g-C3N4-Im-Cu could show obvious peroxidase-like activity over a broad range of pH values and at a low temperature (5 °C). The ultrahigh peroxidase-like activity is attributed to the electronic effect of imidazole rings and the active sites of Cu(II) for ·OH production. Based on the enhanced peroxidase-like activity, a H2O2 and glucose biosensor was developed with a high sensitivity (limit of detection, 10 nM) and selectivity. Therefore, the biosensor shows potential for applications in diabetic diagnoses in clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing)
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21 pages, 26821 KiB  
Article
Nanomaterials as Redox Mediators in Laccase-Based Amperometric Biosensors for Catechol Assay
by Olha Demkiv, Galina Gayda, Nataliya Stasyuk, Olena Brahinetz, Mykhailo Gonchar and Marina Nisnevitch
Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 741; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090741 - 8 Sep 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2625
Abstract
Laccase is a copper-containing enzyme that does not require hydrogen peroxide as a co-substrate or additional cofactors for an enzymatic reaction. Nanomaterials of various chemical structures are usually applied to the construction of enzyme-based biosensors. Metals, metal oxides, semiconductors, and composite NPs perform [...] Read more.
Laccase is a copper-containing enzyme that does not require hydrogen peroxide as a co-substrate or additional cofactors for an enzymatic reaction. Nanomaterials of various chemical structures are usually applied to the construction of enzyme-based biosensors. Metals, metal oxides, semiconductors, and composite NPs perform various functions in electrochemical transformation schemes as a platform for the enzyme immobilization, a mediator of an electron transfer, and a signal amplifier. We describe here the development of amperometric biosensors (ABSs) based on laccase and redox-active micro/nanoparticles (hereafter—NPs), which were immobilized on a graphite electrode (GE). For this purpose, we isolated a highly purified enzyme from the fungus Trametes zonatus, and then synthesized bi- and trimetallic NPs of noble and transition metals, as well as hexacyanoferrates (HCF) of noble metals; these were layered onto the surfaces of GEs. The electroactivity of many of the NPs immobilized on the GEs was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. The most effective mediators of electron transfer were selected as the platform for the development of laccase-based ABSs. As a result, a number of catechol-sensitive ABSs were constructed and characterized. The laccase/CuCo/GE was demonstrated to possess the highest sensitivity to catechol (4523 A·M−1·m−2) among the tested ABSs. The proposed ABSs may be promising for the analysis of phenolic derivatives in real samples of drinking water, wastewater, and food products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing)
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16 pages, 6440 KiB  
Article
A Neural Sensor with a Nanocomposite Interface for the Study of Spike Characteristics of Hippocampal Neurons under Learning Training
by Shihong Xu, Yu Deng, Jinping Luo, Yaoyao Liu, Enhui He, Yan Yang, Kui Zhang, Longze Sha, Yuchun Dai, Tao Ming, Yilin Song, Luyi Jing, Chengyu Zhuang, Qi Xu and Xinxia Cai
Biosensors 2022, 12(7), 546; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12070546 - 21 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2897
Abstract
Both the cellular- and population-level properties of involved neurons are essential for unveiling the learning and memory functions of the brain. To give equal attention to these two aspects, neural sensors based on microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have been in the limelight due to [...] Read more.
Both the cellular- and population-level properties of involved neurons are essential for unveiling the learning and memory functions of the brain. To give equal attention to these two aspects, neural sensors based on microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have been in the limelight due to their noninvasive detection and regulation capabilities. Here, we fabricated a neural sensor using carboxylated graphene/3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrenesulfonate (cGO/PEDOT:PSS), which is effective in sensing and monitoring neuronal electrophysiological activity in vitro for a long time. The cGO/PEDOT:PSS-modified microelectrodes exhibited a lower electrochemical impedance (7.26 ± 0.29 kΩ), higher charge storage capacity (7.53 ± 0.34 mC/cm2), and improved charge injection (3.11 ± 0.25 mC/cm2). In addition, their performance was maintained after 2 to 4 weeks of long-term cell culture and 50,000 stimulation pulses. During neural network training, the sensors were able to induce learning function in hippocampal neurons through precise electrical stimulation and simultaneously detect changes in neural activity at multiple levels. At the cellular level, not only were three kinds of transient responses to electrical stimulation sensed, but electrical stimulation was also found to affect inhibitory neurons more than excitatory neurons. As for the population level, changes in connectivity and firing synchrony were identified. The cGO/PEDOT:PSS-based neural sensor offers an excellent tool in brain function development and neurological disease treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing)
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Review

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20 pages, 2168 KiB  
Review
Single-Particle Optical Imaging for Ultrasensitive Bioanalysis
by Yujie Liu, Binxiao Li, Baohong Liu and Kun Zhang
Biosensors 2022, 12(12), 1105; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121105 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2705
Abstract
The quantitative detection of critical biomolecules and in particular low-abundance biomarkers in biofluids is crucial for early-stage diagnosis and management but remains a challenge largely owing to the insufficient sensitivity of existing ensemble-sensing methods. The single-particle imaging technique has emerged as an important [...] Read more.
The quantitative detection of critical biomolecules and in particular low-abundance biomarkers in biofluids is crucial for early-stage diagnosis and management but remains a challenge largely owing to the insufficient sensitivity of existing ensemble-sensing methods. The single-particle imaging technique has emerged as an important tool to analyze ultralow-abundance biomolecules by engineering and exploiting the distinct physical and chemical property of individual luminescent particles. In this review, we focus and survey the latest advances in single-particle optical imaging (OSPI) for ultrasensitive bioanalysis pertaining to basic biological studies and clinical applications. We first introduce state-of-the-art OSPI techniques, including fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, electrochemiluminescence, and dark-field scattering, with emphasis on the contributions of various metal and nonmetal nano-labels to the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio. During the discussion of individual techniques, we also highlight their applications in spatial–temporal measurement of key biomarkers such as proteins, nucleic acids and extracellular vesicles with single-entity sensitivity. To that end, we discuss the current challenges and prospective trends of single-particle optical-imaging-based bioanalysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing)
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