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Brain Sciences
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The Application of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Neurology, Psychiatry, and...
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The Application of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Neurology, Psychiatry, and Rehabilitation

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurotechnology and Neuroimaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (17 June 2024) | Viewed by 6727

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jack Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
Interests: neuromodulation; neuroimaging; neurorehabilitation; neurophysiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have emerged as promising clinical and research tools. These techniques involve the application of electrical, magnetic, or ultrasonic stimuli to specific brain regions to modulate neuronal activity and potentially alleviate symptoms associated with various neurological and psychiatric disorders.

In this Special Issue of Brain Sciences, we would like to collect and share the latest research findings about the application of non-invasive brain stimulation on neurology, psychiatry, and rehabilitation. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive platform for researchers, clinicians, and experts in the field to share their insights, cutting-edge research, and perspectives on brain stimulation techniques in clinical application.

The Special Issue will cover a broad range of topics, including but not limited to transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, low-intensity ultrasonic stimulation, and photobiomodulation. We invite submissions of original articles, reviews, case studies, and perspectives that explore the latest advancements in non-invasive brain stimulation. The Special Issue will encompass research on both scientific and clinical aspects, including studies investigating efficacy, safety, mechanisms of action, the optimization of stimulation protocols, and novel applications of brain stimulation in diverse disease conditions. Contributions focusing on the integration of non-invasive brain stimulation with other interventional modalities or innovative approaches to enhance stimulation paradigms are also highly welcome.

Dr. Jack Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neuromodulation
  • brain stimulation
  • neurology
  • psychiatry
  • neurorehabilitation

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1058 KiB  
Article
Preoperative Cortical Mapping for Brain Tumor Surgery Using Navigated Transcranial Stimulation: Analysis of Accuracy
by Wellingson Silva Paiva, Erich Talamoni Fonoff, Rhuann Pontes dos Santos Silva, Lucas Schiavao, André Russowsky Brunoni, César Cimonari de Almeida and Carlos Carlotti Júnior
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(9), 867; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14090867 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) represents a distinctive technique for non-invasive brain stimulation. Recent advancements in image processing have enabled the enhancement of TMS by integrating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities with TMS via a neuronavigation system. The aim of this study is to [...] Read more.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) represents a distinctive technique for non-invasive brain stimulation. Recent advancements in image processing have enabled the enhancement of TMS by integrating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities with TMS via a neuronavigation system. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of navigated TMS for cortical mapping in comparison to surgical mapping using direct electrical stimulation (DES). This study involved 30 neurosurgical procedures for tumors located in or adjacent to the precentral gyrus. The DES points were compared with TMS responses based on the original distances of vectorial modules. There was a notable similarity in the points obtained from the two mapping methods. The distances between the geometric centers of TMS and DCS were 4.85 ± 1.89 mm. A strong correlation was identified between these vectorial points (r = 0.901, p < 0.001). The motor threshold in TMS was highest in the motor cortex adjacent to the tumor compared to the normal cortex (p < 0.001). Patients with deficits exhibited excellent accuracy in both methods. In view of this, TMS demonstrated reliable and precise application in brain mapping, which is a promising method for preoperative functional mapping in motor cortex tumor surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Neurology, Psychiatry, and Rehabilitation)
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Review

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13 pages, 1916 KiB  
Review
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy in Epilepsy: An Overview of Technical and Surgical Method, Patient Selection, and Treatment Outcomes
by Myriam Abdennadher, Pratik Rohatgi and Aneeta Saxena
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(7), 675; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14070675 - 2 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1996
Abstract
Epilepsy affects over 65 million people worldwide. One-third of people with epilepsy do not respond to medication and may benefit from surgery. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is the first neuromodulation therapy for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. This method is used in combination [...] Read more.
Epilepsy affects over 65 million people worldwide. One-third of people with epilepsy do not respond to medication and may benefit from surgery. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is the first neuromodulation therapy for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. This method is used in combination with anti-seizure medications in adults and in the pediatric population. VNS has also been demonstrated to have benefits for some epilepsy comorbidities, such as depression, and can be used in combination with other neuromodulation therapies in epilepsy. The authors present an overview of VNS physiology, patient selection, surgery and risks, neuromodulation therapy, and application to epilepsy comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Neurology, Psychiatry, and Rehabilitation)
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Other

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18 pages, 2145 KiB  
Systematic Review
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Action Naming in Aphasia Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Manon Spigarelli, Audrey Lalancette, Hugo Massé-Alarie and Maximiliano A. Wilson
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(7), 665; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14070665 - 29 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1214
Abstract
Anomia, characterized by difficulty in word retrieval, particularly action verbs, poses a significant challenge in post-stroke aphasia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has gained attention for language processing investigations and interventions. This systematic review explores the potential of rTMS as a modality to [...] Read more.
Anomia, characterized by difficulty in word retrieval, particularly action verbs, poses a significant challenge in post-stroke aphasia. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has gained attention for language processing investigations and interventions. This systematic review explores the potential of rTMS as a modality to address action-verb deficits in post-stroke aphasia. We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL via Ebsco and Web of Science in February 2024 for English articles (1996–2024). Eligible studies involved post-stroke aphasia action naming rehabilitation with rTMS. In some of these studies, rTMS was combined with speech-language therapy. In total, 10 studies were included in this systematic review. These articles highlight the potential of rTMS in improving verb retrieval deficits. While significant improvements may not be evident, notable progress both before and after intervention is observed in this review. However, it also underscores the need for further research to enhance language recovery for individuals with post-stroke aphasia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Neurology, Psychiatry, and Rehabilitation)
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13 pages, 3098 KiB  
Case Report
Light and the Brain: A Clinical Case Depicting the Effects of Light on Brainwaves and Possible Presence of Plasma-like Brain Energy
by Zamzuri Idris, Zaitun Zakaria, Ang Song Yee, Diana Noma Fitzrol, Muhammad Ihfaz Ismail, Abdul Rahman Izaini Ghani, Jafri Malin Abdullah, Mohd Hasyizan Hassan and Nursakinah Suardi
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(4), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14040308 - 25 Mar 2024
Viewed by 2295
Abstract
Light is an electromagnetic radiation that has visible and invisible wavelength spectrums. Visible light can only be detected by the eyes through the optic pathways. With the presence of the scalp, cranium, and meninges, the brain is seen as being protected from direct [...] Read more.
Light is an electromagnetic radiation that has visible and invisible wavelength spectrums. Visible light can only be detected by the eyes through the optic pathways. With the presence of the scalp, cranium, and meninges, the brain is seen as being protected from direct exposure to light. For that reason, the brain can be viewed as a black body lying inside a black box. In physics, a black body tends to be in thermal equilibrium with its environment and can tightly regulate its temperature via thermodynamic principles. Therefore, a healthy brain inside a black box should not be exposed to light. On the contrary, photobiomodulation, a form of light therapy for the brain, has been shown to have beneficial effects on some neurological conditions. The proposed underlying mechanisms are multiple. Herein, we present our intraoperative findings of rapid electrocorticographic brainwave changes when the brain was shone directly with different wavelengths of light during awake brain surgery. Our findings provide literature evidence for light’s ability to influence human brain energy and function. Our proposed mechanism for these rapid changes is the presence of plasma-like energy inside the brain, which causes fast brain activities that are akin to lightning strikes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Neurology, Psychiatry, and Rehabilitation)
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