Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (27 July 2020) | Viewed by 9868

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Von Siebold Str 5, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
Interests: Psychiatry; Neurology; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Alzheimer's dementia; Blood and CSF Biomarkers

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Von Siebold Str 5, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany, and Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, Magdeburg, Germany
Interests: Neuroimaging; Cognitive Neuroscience;Learning and Memory;Cognitive Ageing; Synaptic Proteins

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disease and the leading cause of dementia. In most affected people, symptoms first occur in their mid-60s or later. Changes at the cellular level can occur decades before symptom onset, and several years before the first symptoms, macroscopic alterations of brain structure can be observed. A key goal in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is therefore the development of biomarkers that allow an early detection of pathophysiological changes related to AD.

Promising research shows that the risk of Alzheimer’s and other dementias can be reduced by lifestyle modifications and potentially also by pharmacological interventions. To allow for early intervention and preserve cognitive performance, it is important to detect Alzheimer's disease within the pre-clinical stage and to initiate potential interventions before the onset of clinically overt cognitive decline.

This special issue of Brain Sciences is devoted to intercepting patients with Alzheimer's pathology early in order to develop preventive and therapeutic approaches. We especially encourage submissions concerning the pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological interventions, but contributions related to novel or refined approaches to early detection are also welcome.

Prof. Jens Wiltfang
Dr. Björn H Schott
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Alzheimer's Disease
  • Dementia
  • Early diagnosis
  • Prevention
  • Intervention
  • Early therapeutic

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 560 KiB  
Article
Multi-View Based Multi-Model Learning for MCI Diagnosis
by Ping Cao, Jie Gao and Zuping Zhang
Brain Sci. 2020, 10(3), 181; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10030181 - 20 Mar 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4106
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Automatic diagnosis of MCI by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images has been the focus of research in recent years. Furthermore, deep learning models based on 2D view and 3D view have [...] Read more.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Automatic diagnosis of MCI by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images has been the focus of research in recent years. Furthermore, deep learning models based on 2D view and 3D view have been widely used in the diagnosis of MCI. The deep learning architecture can capture anatomical changes in the brain from MRI scans to extract the underlying features of brain disease. In this paper, we propose a multi-view based multi-model (MVMM) learning framework, which effectively combines the local information of 2D images with the global information of 3D images. First, we select some 2D slices from MRI images and extract the features representing 2D local information. Then, we combine them with the features representing 3D global information learned from 3D images to train the MVMM learning framework. We evaluate our model on the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. The experimental results show that our proposed model can effectively recognize MCI through MRI images (accuracy of 87.50% for MCI/HC and accuracy of 83.18% for MCI/AD). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease)
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Review

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20 pages, 305 KiB  
Review
Salivary Biomarkers: Future Approaches for Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
by Giovanni Schepici, Serena Silvestro, Oriana Trubiani, Placido Bramanti and Emanuela Mazzon
Brain Sci. 2020, 10(4), 245; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10040245 - 21 Apr 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5197
Abstract
Many neurological diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration. Early diagnosis and new markers are necessary for prompt therapeutic intervention. Several studies have aimed to identify biomarkers in different biological liquids. Furthermore, it is being considered whether saliva could be a potential biological [...] Read more.
Many neurological diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration. Early diagnosis and new markers are necessary for prompt therapeutic intervention. Several studies have aimed to identify biomarkers in different biological liquids. Furthermore, it is being considered whether saliva could be a potential biological sample for the investigation of neurodegenerative diseases. This work aims to provide an overview of the literature concerning biomarkers identified in saliva for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Specifically, the studies have revealed that is possible to quantify beta-amyloid1–42 and TAU protein from the saliva of AD patients. Instead, alpha-synuclein and protein deglycase (DJ-1) have been identified as new potential salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of PD. Nevertheless, future studies will be needed to validate these salivary biomarkers in the diagnosis of neurological diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Alzheimer's Disease)
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