Pulmonary Oncology Research

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 7264

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of pulmonary oncology research has witnessed significant progress in recent years, with the development of new treatment modalities, innovative imaging techniques, and targeted therapies. This Special Issue aims to present the latest developments in pulmonary oncology research, focusing on the identification and characterization of novel therapeutic targets, advances in diagnosis and staging, and the development of personalized treatment strategies.

The section will provide a platform for researchers and clinicians to share their latest findings and insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of lung cancer, mesothelioma, and other thoracic malignancies. We encourage the submission of original research articles and review articles that help to improve our understanding of pulmonary oncology.

Prof. Dr. Paul Hofman
Dr. Kavita Rawat
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pulmonary oncology
  • lung cancer
  • mesothelioma
  • thoracic malignancies
  • diagnosis
  • staging
  • treatment
  • personalized medicine
  • targeted therapy
  • immunotherapy
  • precision oncology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 760 KiB  
Article
Clinical Outcome of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Patients with Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Relapse after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy followed by Durvalumab
by Atsuto Mouri, Satoshi Watanabe, Takaaki Tokito, Yoshiaki Nagai, Yu Saida, Hisao Imai, Ou Yamaguchi, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Kyoichi Kaira and Hiroshi Kagamu
Cancers 2024, 16(7), 1409; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16071409 - 3 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2423
Abstract
Nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed promising efficacy in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy of the nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination regimen in NSCLC patients who relapse after durvalumab consolidation following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has not been determined. Between January 2021 and [...] Read more.
Nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed promising efficacy in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy of the nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination regimen in NSCLC patients who relapse after durvalumab consolidation following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has not been determined. Between January 2021 and June 2022, clinical data were retrospectively extracted from the medical records of patients with NSCLC who received nivolumab plus ipilimumab after CCRT and durvalumab consolidation. A total of 30 patients were included in this analysis. The median number of durvalumab treatment cycles was 11. Median PFS and OS with nivolumab plus ipilimumab were 4.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7–7.7) and 18.5 months (95% CI: 3.5–33.5), respectively. The 6-month and 12-month PFS rates were 46.7% (95% CI: 28.8–64.5) and 36.4% (95% CI: 19.0–53.7). In multivariate analysis, a significant correlation was observed between a durvalumab treatment duration of 6 months or more and PFS (p = 0.04) as well as OS (p = 0.001). Grade 3 adverse events, including pneumonitis, dermatitis, and colitis, occurred in 10% of the patients. This study suggests that nivolumab plus ipilimumab is effective, especially in patients who have received durvalumab for 6 months or more, and tolerable for patients who relapsed after durvalumab following CCRT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Oncology Research)
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10 pages, 885 KiB  
Article
Endobronchial Ultrasound Using Guide Sheath-Guided Transbronchial Lung Biopsy in Ground-Glass Opacity Pulmonary Lesions without Fluoroscopic Guidance
by Jongsoo Park, Changwoon Kim, Jong Geol Jang, Seok Soo Lee, Kyung Soo Hong and June Hong Ahn
Cancers 2024, 16(6), 1203; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061203 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1225
Abstract
Diagnosing ground-glass opacity (GGO) pulmonary lesions poses challenges. This study evaluates the utility of radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (RP-EBUS-TBLB) in diagnosing GGO pulmonary lesions. A total of 1651 RP-EBUS procedures were performed during the study period. This study analyzed 115 [...] Read more.
Diagnosing ground-glass opacity (GGO) pulmonary lesions poses challenges. This study evaluates the utility of radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (RP-EBUS-TBLB) in diagnosing GGO pulmonary lesions. A total of 1651 RP-EBUS procedures were performed during the study period. This study analyzed 115 GGO lesions. The EBUS visualization yield was 80.1%. Of 115 lesions, 69 (60%) were successfully diagnosed. The average size of diagnosed lesions was significantly larger than that of undiagnosed lesions (21.9 ± 7.3 vs. 17.1 ± 6.6 mm, p < 0.001). Diagnostic yield varied by lesion size: 50.0% for lesions <20 mm, 65.1% for 20–30 mm lesions, and 85.7% for lesions >30 mm. The mixed blizzard sign on EBUS appeared in 60.6% of mixed GGO lesions, with no cases in pure GGO lesions. Multivariable analyses showed that lesion size (odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.16; p < 0.001) and mixed blizzard sign on EBUS (OR, 20.92; CI, 7.50–58.31; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with diagnostic success. Pneumothorax and hemoptysis occurred in 1.7% and 2.6% of patients, respectively. RP-EBUS-TBLB without fluoroscopic guidance is a viable diagnostic approach for GGO pulmonary lesions with acceptable complications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Oncology Research)
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12 pages, 1197 KiB  
Article
Improved Accuracy and Sensitivity in Diagnosis and Staging of Lung Cancer with Systematic and Combined Endobronchial and Endoscopic Ultrasound (EBUS-EUS): Experience from a Tertiary Center
by Abdenor Badaoui, Marion De Wergifosse, Benoit Rondelet, Pierre H. Deprez, Claudia Stanciu-Pop, Laurent Bairy, Philippe Eucher, Monique Delos, Sebahat Ocak, Cédric Gillain, Fabrice Duplaquet and Lionel Pirard
Cancers 2024, 16(4), 728; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16040728 - 9 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2748
Abstract
Background: Combined endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) are accurate procedures for the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) in lung cancer. However, the respective contribution of separate and combined procedures in diagnosis and staging [...] Read more.
Background: Combined endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) are accurate procedures for the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) in lung cancer. However, the respective contribution of separate and combined procedures in diagnosis and staging has not been fully studied. The aim of this study was to assess their respective performances. Methods: Patients with suspected malignant MLNs in lung cancer or recurrence identified by PET-CT who underwent combined EBUS-TBNA and EUS-TA were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 141 patients underwent both procedures. Correct diagnosis was obtained in 82% with EBUS-TBNA, 91% with EUS-TA, and 94% with the combined procedure. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of EBUS-TBNA, EUS-TA, and the combined procedure for diagnosing malignancy were [75%, 100%, 100%, 58%], [87%, 100%, 100%, 75%], and [93%, 100%, 100%, 80%], respectively, with a significantly better sensitivity of the combined procedure (p < 0.0001). Staging (82/141 patients) was correctly assessed in 74% with EBUS-TBNA, 68% with EUS-TA, and 85% with the combined procedure. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of EBUS-TBNA, EUS-TA, and the combined procedure for lung cancer staging were [62%, 100%, 100%, 55%], [54%, 100%, 100%, 50%], and [79%, 100%, 100%, 68%], respectively, significantly better in terms of sensitivity for the combined procedure (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The combined EBUS-EUS approach in lung cancer patients showed better accuracy and sensitivity in diagnosis and staging when compared with EBUS-TBNA and EUS-TA alone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Oncology Research)
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