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Cells
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Ocular Stem Cells and Therapies
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Ocular Stem Cells and Therapies

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Stem Cells".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (21 August 2022) | Viewed by 8018

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yongqing Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
Interests: cell and molecular biology; stem cells; ocular diseases; cancers; cell division and differentiation
Prof. Dr. Xiaoyan Peng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100005, China
Interests: stem cells; retinal diseases; ocular surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite all basic and clinic researchers working on retinal degenerative, ganglion dystrophy, and corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency diseases to participate in this Special Issue. Original research articles, reviews, or shorter perspective articles on all aspects related to ocular stem cell therapies, underlying molecular mechanisms, and effective methods to activate stem cells for directed differentiation are welcome. Relevant topics include but are not limited to stem cells and cell-based therapies.

Dr. Yongqing Liu
Prof. Dr. Xiaoyan Peng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cells is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • stem cells
  • cell-based therapies
  • retinal degeneration
  • ganglion atrophy
  • cell transplantation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6847 KiB  
Article
Ex Vivo Integration of Human Stem Retinal Ganglion Cells into the Mouse Retina
by Louis-Philippe Croteau, Michael L. Risner, Lauren K. Wareham, Nolan R. McGrady, Xitiz Chamling, Donald J. Zack and David J. Calkins
Cells 2022, 11(20), 3241; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11203241 - 15 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2545
Abstract
Cell replacement therapies may be key in achieving functional recovery in neurodegenerative optic neuropathies diseases such as glaucoma. One strategy that holds promise in this regard is the use of human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem-derived retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs). Previous [...] Read more.
Cell replacement therapies may be key in achieving functional recovery in neurodegenerative optic neuropathies diseases such as glaucoma. One strategy that holds promise in this regard is the use of human embryonic stem cell and induced pluripotent stem-derived retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs). Previous hRGC transplantation studies have shown modest success. This is in part due to the low survival and integration of the transplanted cells in the host retina. The field is further challenged by mixed assays and outcome measurements that probe and determine transplantation success. Thefore, we have devised a transplantation assay involving hRGCs and mouse retina explants that bypasses physical barriers imposed by retinal membranes. We show that hRGC neurites and somas are capable of invading mouse explants with a subset of hRGC neurites being guided by mouse RGC axons. Neonatal mouse retina explants, and to a lesser extent, adult explants, promote hRGC integrity and neurite outgrowth. Using this assay, we tested whether suppmenting cultures with brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, enhances hRGC neurite integration, neurite outgrowth, and integrity. We show that supplementing cultures with a combination BDNF and forskolin strongly favors hRGC integrity, increasing neurite outgrowth and complexity as well as the invasion of mouse explants. The transplantation assay presented here is a practical tool for investigating strategies for testing and optimizing the integration of donor cells into host tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocular Stem Cells and Therapies)
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20 pages, 6588 KiB  
Article
Differentiation Trajectory of Limbal Stem and Progenitor Cells under Normal Homeostasis and upon Corneal Wounding
by Zhenwei Song, Brian Chen, Chi-Hao Tsai, Di Wu, Emily Liu, Isha Sharday Hawkins, Andrew Phan, James Todd Auman, Yazhong Tao and Hua Mei
Cells 2022, 11(13), 1983; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11131983 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2758
Abstract
Limbal stem cells (LSCs) reside discretely at limbus surrounded by niche cells and progenitor cells. The aim of this study is to identify the heterogeneous cell populations at limbus under normal homeostasis and upon wounding using single-cell RNA sequencing in a mouse model. [...] Read more.
Limbal stem cells (LSCs) reside discretely at limbus surrounded by niche cells and progenitor cells. The aim of this study is to identify the heterogeneous cell populations at limbus under normal homeostasis and upon wounding using single-cell RNA sequencing in a mouse model. Two putative LSC types were identified which showed a differentiation trajectory into limbal progenitor cell (LPC) types under normal homeostasis and during wound healing. They were designated as “putative active LSCs” and “putative quiescent LSCs”, respectively, because the former type actively divided upon wounding while the later type stayed at a quiescent status upon wounding. The “putative quiescent LSCs” might contribute to a barrier function due to their characteristic markers regulating vascular and epithelial barrier and growth. Different types of LPCs at different proliferative statuses were identified in unwounded and wounded corneas with distinctive markers. Four maturation markers (Aldh3, Slurp1, Tkt, and Krt12) were screened out for corneal epithelium, which showed an increased expression along the differentiation trajectory during corneal epithelial maturation. In conclusion, our study identified two different types of putative LSCs and several types of putative LPCs under normal homeostasis and upon wounding, which will facilitate the understanding of corneal epithelial regeneration and wound healing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocular Stem Cells and Therapies)
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8 pages, 1375 KiB  
Communication
Glycogene Expression Profile of Human Limbal Epithelial Cells with Distinct Clonogenic Potential
by Damien Guindolet, Ashley M. Woodward, Eric E. Gabison and Pablo Argüeso
Cells 2022, 11(9), 1575; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091575 - 7 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2223
Abstract
Glycans function as valuable markers of stem cells but also regulate the ability of these cells to self-renew and differentiate. Approximately 2% of the human genome encodes for proteins that are involved in the biosynthesis and recognition of glycans. In the present study, [...] Read more.
Glycans function as valuable markers of stem cells but also regulate the ability of these cells to self-renew and differentiate. Approximately 2% of the human genome encodes for proteins that are involved in the biosynthesis and recognition of glycans. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of a small subset of glycogenes in human limbal epithelial cells with distinct clonogenic potential. Individual clones were classified as abortive or clonogenic, based on the fraction of the terminal colonies produced; clones leading exclusively to terminal colonies were referred to as abortive while those with half or fewer terminal colonies were referred to as clonogenic. An analysis of glycogene expression in clonogenic cultures revealed a high content of transcripts regulating the galactose and mannose metabolic pathways. Abortive clones were characterized by increased levels of GCNT4 and FUCA2, genes that are responsible for the branching of mucin-type O-glycans and the hydrolysis of fucose residues on N-glycans, respectively. The expansion of primary cultures of human limbal epithelial cells for 10 days resulted in stratification and a concomitant increase in MUC16, GCNT4 and FUCA2 expression. These data indicate that the clonogenic potential of human limbal epithelial cells is associated with specific glycosylation pathways. Mucin-type O-glycan branching and increased fucose metabolism are linked to limbal epithelial cell differentiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocular Stem Cells and Therapies)
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