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Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics

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A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Ceramic Coatings and Engineering Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 29429

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wuyi Ming

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Guest Editor

Department of Electromechanical Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, China
Interests: coatings; EDM; WEDM; glass molding process; microstructure; deep learning

Dr. Kun Liu

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Guest Editor

Department of Electromechanical Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, China
Interests: advanced coating technology; thermal spraying; coatings; heat treatment with a laser beam; CVD

Dr. Zhen Zhang

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Guest Editor

School of Aerospace Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: EDM; WEDM; laser micro machining; complex physical filed assisted machining; glass molding process
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Qing Zhou

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Guest Editor

State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
Interests: metallic glasses; high entropy materials; advanced film technology; tribology; simulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Functional coating materials are a kind of material prepared by changing the chemical composition or organizational structure of the substrate surface through chemical and physical methods. This can replace the properties of the coated surface and make it have a special function. According to the action principle or performance, it can be divided into electrical functions (such as conductive coating, insulating coating, anti-static coating, radio wave absorption coating, etc.); magnetic functions (such as magnetic coating); light functions (such as luminescent coating, fluorescent coating, phosphorescent coating, camouflage coating, wave selective absorption coating, etc.); sound wave functions (such as damping coating); mechanical physical functions (such as thick film coating, lubricating coating, anti-slip coating, anti-condensation coating, anti-icing coating, atomic ash, etc.); thermal functions (such as heat-resistant coating, fireproof coating, temperature indicating coating, ablation coating, heat reflection coating ,etc.); among others. These materials have various new characteristics, such as conductivity, heat conduction, insulation, flame retardant, shading, antibacterial, acid and alkali resistance, blue light resistance, fingerprint resistance, dizziness resistance, scratch resistance, static electricity resistance, oil pollution prevention, and so on. Therefore, they are widely used in various industrial systems, including aerospace, automobile manufacturing, medical devices, and other fields.

Dr. Wuyi Ming
Dr. Kun Liu
Dr. Zhen Zhang
Dr. Qing Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

chemical and physical methods
plasma spraying fabricating
laser
ECM
EDM/WEDM
ultrasonic machining
electron beam
magnetron sputtering
lubricant films

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Published Papers (10 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3438 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Size Effect of Graphite Nanosheet-Induced Anti-Corrosion of Hydrophobic Epoxy Coatings

by Kuilin Lv, Yiwang Bao, Huachao Ma, Xiaogen Liu, Ying Zhu and Detian Wan

Coatings 2024, 14(6), 769; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14060769 - 18 Jun 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1133

Abstract

In order to broaden the selectivity of graphite nanosheet additives on epoxy resin-based coatings and verify the size effect, this work aims to dope graphite nanosheets of different sizes into the three-dimensional structure produced by cross-linking and curing epoxy resin and polyamide resin. In addition, a micro-nano level secondary structure and a surface with special roughness are constructed to obtain the composite epoxy hydrophobic coating. The influence of the size effect of graphite nanosheets on the hydrophobic performance and corrosion resistance of the coating is summarized as well. Among them, the optimized doping size (2.2 μm) of graphite nanosheets in the epoxy coating showed the largest impedance arc of 2.58 × 10⁸ Ω cm², which could form an excellent nano-network covering the micropores to impede the diffusion of corrosive medium. Through simulation calculation analysis, we also found that the edge site of graphene is more effective in capturing H₂O and O₂; therefore, a smaller size of graphene with a large edge can be more favorable. This work will be used as a reference for the industrial application of graphite anti-corrosive coating. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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23 pages, 4274 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Biocompatibility and Corrosion of Microplasma-Sprayed Titanium and Tantalum Coatings versus Titanium Alloy

by Darya Alontseva, Yuliya Safarova (Yantsen), Sergii Voinarovych, Aleksei Obrosov, Ridvan Yamanoglu, Fuad Khoshnaw, Hasan Ismail Yavuz, Assem Nessipbekova, Aizhan Syzdykova, Bagdat Azamatov, Alexandr Khozhanov and Sabine Weiß

Coatings 2024, 14(2), 206; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14020206 - 6 Feb 2024

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2084

Abstract

This study investigates the in vitro biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and adhesion strength of a gas abrasive-treated Ti6Al4V alloy, alongside microplasma-sprayed titanium and tantalum coatings. Employing a novel approach in selecting microplasma spray parameters, this study successfully engineers coatings with tailored porosity, roughness, and over 20% porosity with pore sizes up to 200 μm, aiming to enhance bone in-growth and implant integration. This study introduces an innovative methodology for quantifying surface roughness using laser electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, facilitating detailed morphological analysis of both the substrate and coatings. Extensive evaluations, including tests for in vitro biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and adhesive strength, revealed that all three materials are biocompatible, with tantalum coatings exhibiting superior cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, as well as the highest corrosion resistance. Titanium coatings followed closely, demonstrating favorable osteogenic properties and enhanced roughness, which is crucial for cell behavior and attachment. These coatings also displayed superior tensile adhesive strengths (27.6 ± 0.9 MPa for Ti and 28.0 ± 4.9 MPa for Ta), surpassing the ISO 13179-1 standard and indicating a robust bond with the substrate. Our findings offer significant advancements in biomaterials for medical implants, introducing microplasma spraying as a versatile tool for customizing implant coatings, particularly emphasizing the superior performance of tantalum coatings in terms of biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and corrosion resistance. This suggests that tantalum coatings are a promising alternative for enhancing the performance of metal implants, especially in applications demanding high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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12 pages, 6346 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Initial Vacancy-Dependent High-Temperature Creep Behavior of Nanocrystalline Ni by Molecular Dynamics Simulation

by Yan Cui, Weidong Shao, Yeran Shi and Qing Zhou

Coatings 2024, 14(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010063 - 2 Jan 2024

Viewed by 1165

Abstract

Nanocrystalline metals possessing excellent mechanical strength have great potential to replace traditional metal materials as structural materials, but their poor resistance to creep deformation seriously restricts their engineering applications at high temperatures. The high-temperature creep behavior of nanocrystalline Ni with different volume fractions of initial vacancies ranging from 0% to 10% was studied systematically by molecular dynamics simulation in this study. The results showed that the steady-state creep displacement first increased and then decreased with increasing initial vacancy concentration, reaching the maximum when the initial vacancy concentration was 6%. The microstructural characteristics, such as quantity increment and distribution of the vacancies, the number and types of dislocations, and shear strain distribution during creeping, were analyzed in detail. The deformation-induced vacancies formed at the grain boundary (GB) in the initial creep stage, and their variation trend with the initial vacancy concentration was consistent with that of the creep displacement, indicating that the initial vacancy-dependent high-temperature creep behavior of nanocrystalline Ni was mainly determined by the rapidly increasing number of vacancies at the GB in the initial creep stage. Afterwards, the deformation-induced, vacancy-assisted 1/6{112} Shockley partial dislocation activities dominated the creep deformation of nanocrystalline Ni in the steady-state creep stage. The results can provide theoretical support for expanding the application of nanocrystalline metals from the perspective of crystal defect engineering. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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9 pages, 2568 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Integration of Passivated Gold Mirrors into Microfabricated Alkali Vapor Cells

by Florian Wittkämper, Theo Scholtes, Sven Linzen, Mario Ziegler and Ronny Stolz

Coatings 2023, 13(10), 1733; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101733 - 4 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1262

Abstract

Measurements of weak magnetic fields demand a small distance between the sensor and the to-be-measured object. Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) utilize laser light and the Zeeman effect in alkali vapor cells to measure those fields. OPMs can be used in transmission or reflection geometry. A minimization of the distance between active volume and magnetized source calls for reflection geometry with integrated mirrors. Unfortunately, cesium reacts chemically with most materials, especially high-performing materials, such as gold. Herein, we show the first functional OPM cell using a gold mirror inside the cell. We fabricated the gold mirrors with and without a passivation layer in order to evaluate the feasibility of expanding on the limited list of possible mirror materials. A comparison of this implementation revealed that mirrors without a passivation layer only reach a reflectivity of about 6% while mirrors with a passivation layer retain reflectivity values of about 90% in the visible light to near-infrared spectrum. This result and the proof of elemental cesium in the alkali vapor cell demonstrates the feasibility of passivated gold mirrors for applications in alkali vapor cells for OPMs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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22 pages, 11950 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Enterosorbents Based on Rhubarb Biomass with a Hybrid Polymer-Inorganic Coating for the Immobilization of Azaheterocyclic Mycotoxins

by Nadezhda Kornilova, Sergey Koksharov, Svetlana Aleeva, Olga Lepilova, Albina Bikbulatova and Elena Nikiforova

Coatings 2023, 13(4), 684; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13040684 - 27 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1484

Abstract

The aim of the study was the improvement of the phytosorbent range to solve the actual problems of preventing mycotoxicosis caused by numerous types of azaheterocyclic mycotoxins. Technological approaches to structural released pectin and to the formation of a surface layer that was capable of adhesive interaction with montmorillonite particles was identified. The increase in the material porosity and the formation of a hybrid polymer-inorganic coating on a cellulose matrix surface were revealed by scanning electron microscopy and gas adsorption. The modification of rhubarb biomass increased sorption capacity in comparison with the raw material seven-fold. The properties of rhubarb pectin and a hybrid composite based on it were investigated using FTIR spectroscopy, viscometry, laser diffraction and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results were compared with the characteristics of commercial citrus pectin. Models of the molecular structure of the polymer chain and the spatial interaction between macromolecules in the structure of the sorbing grain were proposed based on the pectin chemical state. The influence of the pectin structural organization on the kinetic parameters of the pH-regulated sorption of the test alkaloid under conditions simulating the functioning of the human digestive organs and those of farm animals was traced. The results of the studies allow prognoses on the sorption binding of alkaloids and determinations of the dosage of pectin-containing phytopreparations for mycotoxicos prevention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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15 pages, 5676 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation and Tribological Properties of Graphene-Based Coatings on Tungsten Carbide

by Kun Liu, Kang-Ping Du, Er-Zhou Ren, Guo-Yong Ye, Xin-Sheng Wang, Wu-Yi Ming, Jun Ma and Wen-Bin He

Coatings 2022, 12(10), 1385; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101385 - 22 Sep 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1726

Abstract

The preparation technology of graphene-based coatings on cobalt-based cemented carbides and the friction properties of graphene-based coatings were researched. Based on cooling rate, growth temperature, and methane flow rate, Raman spectroscopy was used to evaluate the influence of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on graphene-based coatings. The results show that at the growth temperature of 1000 °C, the cooling rate of 15 °C/min and methane flow rate of 10 sccm are more favorable for the growth of pure graphene coating with fewer layers on a cemented carbide surface. As methane flow boosts, the number of graphene layers increases and amorphous carbon is generated. The resulting tribological properties demonstrate that the friction coefficient of graphene-based coatings decreases as the friction load increases. The above results indicate that the graphene-based coating on a cemented carbide surface can be prepared by regulating its composition and defects through technological parameters, and it is viable to use graphene-based coating as anti-wear coating for cutting tools. The results provide a reference for the preparation and properties of cemented carbide surface graphene. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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Review

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27 pages, 7027 KiB

Open AccessReview

Review of Research Progress in Nontraditional Machining of Ultrahigh-Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites

by Ya Lu, Peiyan Sun, Xiaohong Yang, Xudong Guo, Xiaoke Li and Wuyi Ming

Coatings 2023, 13(1), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010187 - 14 Jan 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3627

Abstract

Ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composites are currently among the most promising high-temperature-resistant materials, owing to their high-temperature strength, high-toughness and excellent corrosion resistance; they are widely used in national defense and aerospace fields. However, it is a difficult material to machine, and high precision is difficult to achieve using traditional machining methods. Nontraditional machining methods are not constrained by material physical and mechanical properties, and good surface quality is easily obtained, which is an important direction in the field of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composites. This paper summarizes the recent nontraditional machining methods utilized in the fabrication of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composites. Firstly, various nontraditional machining methods for ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composites based on borides, carbides and nitrides are reviewed, and the machining performances under different machining conditions are compared. Subsequently, the problems and challenges of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composite nontraditional machining are summarized and discussed. Lastly, the future development path of nontraditional machining methods for ultrahigh-temperature ceramic matrix composites is summarized and predicted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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32 pages, 5732 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic and Antibacterial Coatings for Biomedical Materials

by Leijie Wang, Xudong Guo, Hongmei Zhang, Yinxia Liu, Yongxin Wang, Kun Liu, Haofang Liang and Wuyi Ming

Coatings 2022, 12(10), 1469; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101469 - 5 Oct 2022

Cited by 27 | Viewed by 7161

Abstract

In recent years, biomedical materials have been used in the response to the emergence of medical infections that pose a serious threat to the health and life of patients. The construction of superhydrophobic coatings and antimicrobial coatings is among the most effective strategies to address this type of medical derived infection. Firstly, this paper reviews the preparation methods of superhydrophobic surface coatings and their applications; summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of superhydrophobic surface preparation schemes based on the template method, spraying methods, etching methods, and their respective improvement measures; and focuses on the applications of superhydrophobic surfaces in self-cleaning and antibacterial coatings. Then, the action mechanisms of contact antibacterial coatings, anti-adhesion bacteriostatic coatings, anti-adhesion bactericidal coatings, and intelligent antibacterial coatings are introduced, and their respective characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages are summarized. The application potential of antimicrobial coatings in the field of biomedical materials is highlighted. Finally, the applications of superhydrophobic and antimicrobial coatings in medical devices are discussed in detail, the reasons for their current difficulties in commercial application are analyzed, and the future directions of superhydrophobic coatings and antimicrobial coatings are considered. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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25 pages, 8794 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Tribological Behavior of High Entropy Alloy Coatings: A Review

by Dawei Luo, Qing Zhou, Zhuobin Huang, Yulong Li, Yulin Liu, Qikang Li, Yixuan He and Haifeng Wang

Coatings 2022, 12(10), 1428; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101428 - 29 Sep 2022

Cited by 26 | Viewed by 3823

Abstract

As engineering equipment is applied in a harsh environment with a heavy load, cyclic stress, and a wide range of temperatures, the reliability of the equipment becomes a challenge, especially when wear contact is involved. Hence, the design and exploitation of an advanced alloy surface may hold the key to control and minimize friction and wear in the transmission system for safety-critical applications. High entropy alloys (HEAs) or multi-component alloys have been proved to have outstanding mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature oxidation resistance with potential use as wear resistance and friction reduction coatings. In this paper, the properties and development status of HEAs coating systems for tribological applications were reviewed to gain a better understanding of their advantages and limitations obtained by different preparation methods. Specifically, focus was paid to magnetron sputtering, laser cladding, and thermal spraying since these three deposition methods were more widely used in wear-resistant and friction-reducing coatings. Building upon this, the correlation between composition, mechanical properties, and friction as well as wear characteristics of these coatings are summarized. Finally, the key problems to be solved to move the field forward and the future trend of tribology application for HEA coatings are outlined. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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25 pages, 6037 KiB

Open AccessReview

Review: Modeling and Simulation of Membrane Electrode Material Structure for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

by Yanyan Chen, Yuekun Liu, Yingjie Xu, Xudong Guo, Yang Cao and Wuyi Ming

Coatings 2022, 12(8), 1145; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12081145 - 9 Aug 2022

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4737

Abstract

Hydrogen energy is recognized as the clean energy with the most development potential, and hydrogen fuel cell technology is considered the ultimate solution utilizing hydrogen energy. The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has the merits of high energy efficiency, high energy density, low operating temperature, is clean, and affords environmental protection. Improving the structure of each functional layer could play a significant role in improving PEMFC performance. In addition, membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) are the core components of a PEMFC, and their structure includes three main parts, namely, the gas diffusion layer (GDL), catalytic layer (CL), and proton exchange membrane (PEM). Therefore, this review focuses on progress in the modeling and simulation of the material structure in MEAs. First, the GDL simulation models are critically reviewed, including two-phase calculation models and microscopic simulation models. Second, CL microstructure models are comprehensively evaluated, involving power density enhancement, catalyst loading distribution, electrochemical reaction and its performance optimization. Third, the PEM simulation model, relating to molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques, 3D numerical techniques, and multiphysics simulation, are reviewed. Finally, the three aspects of similarity, individuality, and complementarity of these simulation models are discussed, and necessary outlooks, including the current limitations and challenges, are suggested, providing a reference for low-cost, high-performing PEMFC membrane electrodes for the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Applications of Functional Inorganic Coatings, Glass, Ceramics)

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