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Coatings
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Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys
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Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 15824

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nuria Llorca-Isern

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departmental Section of Science and Engineering of Materials, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: alloys; surface modification technology; nanomaterials and nanotechnology; powder metallurgy; functionalized materials surfaces; sustainability; characterization; severe plastic deformation
Dr. Oriol Rius-Ayra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departament of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: materials surface modification; functionalized materials surface; superhydrophobicity; superwettability; oil-in-water separation; sustainability; nanomaterials and nanotechnology; ball-milling; characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For various reasons, it has become necessary for us to find an alloy with a different surface behavior from that of the bulk: a greater or more specific to extreme environments resistance to corrosion and to wear, higher mechanical or fatigue resistance, hydrophobicity, oleophilicity, thermal (for low or high temperature exposure), magnetic, electrical or specific optic or light exposure behavior or to create biocompatibility or (bio)fouling or even their combined effect. To have these properties in metals and alloys, we must apply the strategy of surface modification based on a direct action on the metal or incorporating a coating that will provide these properties or functionalize its surface for complex requirements.

This Special Issue on Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys concerns the many different and innovative approaches that can be used to transform the metallic surface by means of physical, chemical, mechanical or biological characteristics providing different properties from the ones originally found on these surfaces allowing functionality for a given application.

In general, the topics of interest range from newer approaches of conventional coatings technologies and thermomechanical processes, biocoatings, and surface modification for energy applications, catalysis, and nanomaterials to functionalization of metallic powder and additive manufactured metallic surfaces. All these improvements will be focused on developing successful engineering products and parts; some new strategies will also contribute to solving environmental issues.

In particular, the topics of interest are:

- Characterization of engineered surfaces (tribological, corrosion, morphology, structure, composition);

- Treatments covering the surface of metals and alloys:

  • Conversion coatings;
  • Spraying processes;
  • Deposition processes;

- Treatments altering the surface of metals and alloys:

  • Mechanical and thermomechanical processes;
  • Laser-beam-based technologies;
  • Diffusion processes;
  • Special processes;

- Functional and multifunctional coatings and films;

- Novel surface modification techniques;

- Additive manufactured surfaces.

Prof. Nuria Llorca-Isern
Dr. Oriol Rius-Ayra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2999 KiB  
Article
Understanding the Influence of High Velocity Thermal Spray Techniques on the Properties of Different Anti-Wear WC-Based Coatings
by Andrea Garfias Bulnes, Vicente Albaladejo Fuentes, Irene Garcia Cano and Sergi Dosta
Coatings 2020, 10(12), 1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121157 - 26 Nov 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3858
Abstract
This work analyzes the differences found in hard metal coatings produced by two high velocity thermal spray techniques, namely high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) and high velocity air-fuel (HVAF). Additionally, the effect of the metallic matrix and ceramic composition and the original carbide grain [...] Read more.
This work analyzes the differences found in hard metal coatings produced by two high velocity thermal spray techniques, namely high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) and high velocity air-fuel (HVAF). Additionally, the effect of the metallic matrix and ceramic composition and the original carbide grain size on coating properties is compared to the most studied standard reference material sprayed by HVOF, WC-Co. For this evaluation, the physical properties of the coatings, including feedstock characteristics, porosity, thickness, roughness, hardness, and phase composition were investigated. Several characterization methods were used for this purpose: optical microscopy (OM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), among others. The final performance (abrasive wear and corrosion resistance) shown by the coatings obtained by these two methodologies was also analyzed. Thus, the abrasive wear resistance was analyzed by the rubber-wheel test, while the corrosion resistance was characterized with electrochemical methods. The characterization results obtained clearly showed that the coatings exhibit different microstructures according to feedstock powder characteristics (carbide grain size and/or composition) and the thermal spray process used for its deposition. Thus, the incorporation of WB to the cermet composition led to a high hardness coating, and the complementary hardness and toughness of the WC-Co coatings justify its better abrasion resistance. The presence of Ni on the metal matrix increases the free corrosion potential of the coating to more noble region. However, the WC-Co coatings show a lower corrosion rate and hence a higher protective performance than the rest of the coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys)
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12 pages, 3915 KiB  
Article
The Effect of the Laser Incidence Angle in the Surface of L-PBF Processed Parts
by Sara Sendino, Marc Gardon, Fernando Lartategui, Silvia Martinez and Aitzol Lamikiz
Coatings 2020, 10(11), 1024; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111024 - 24 Oct 2020
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4059
Abstract
The manufacture of multiple parts on the same platform is a common procedure in the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process. The main advantage is that the entire working volume of the machine is used and a greater number of parts are obtained, [...] Read more.
The manufacture of multiple parts on the same platform is a common procedure in the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process. The main advantage is that the entire working volume of the machine is used and a greater number of parts are obtained, thus reducing inert gas volume, raw powder consumption, and manufacturing time. However, one of the main disadvantages of this method is the possible differences in quality and surface finish of the different parts manufactured on the same platform depending on their orientation and location, even if they are manufactured with the same process parameters and raw powder material. Throughout this study, these surface quality differences were studied, focusing on the variation of the surface roughness with the angle of incidence of the laser with respect to the platform. First, a characterization test was carried out to understand the behavior of the laser in the different areas of the platform. Then, the surface roughness, microstructure, and minimum thickness of vertical walls were analyzed in the different areas of the platform. These results were related to the angle of incidence of the laser. As it was observed, the laser is completely perpendicular only in the center of the platform, whilst at the border of the platform, due to the incidence angle, it melts an elliptical area, which affects the roughness and thickness of the manufactured part. The roughness increases from values of Sa = 5.489 μm in the central part of the platform to 27.473 μm at the outer borders while the thickness of the manufactured thin walls increases around 40 μm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys)
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12 pages, 2710 KiB  
Article
Microstructural and Corrosion Properties of PEO Coated Zinc-Aluminized (ZA) Steel
by Luca Pezzato, Alessio Giorgio Settimi, Pietrogiovanni Cerchier, Claudio Gennari, Manuele Dabalà and Katya Brunelli
Coatings 2020, 10(5), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050448 - 4 May 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3038
Abstract
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a surface treatment, similar to anodizing, that produces thick oxide films on the surface of metals. In the present work, PEO coatings were obtained on zinc-aluminized (ZA) carbon steel using a solution containing sodium silicate and potassium hydroxide [...] Read more.
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a surface treatment, similar to anodizing, that produces thick oxide films on the surface of metals. In the present work, PEO coatings were obtained on zinc-aluminized (ZA) carbon steel using a solution containing sodium silicate and potassium hydroxide as electrolyte, and working with high current densities and short treatment times in Direct Current (DC) mode. The thickness of the coating, as well as the surface morphology, were strongly influenced by the process parameters, with different dissolution grades of the ZA layer depending on the current density and treatment time. A compromise between thickness and porosity of the coating was found with low current density/long treatment time or high current density/short treatment time. The PEO layer was mainly composed of aluminum oxides and silicon compounds. The corrosion resistance increased remarkably in the samples with the PEO coating. These PEO coated samples are suitable for sealing treatments that further increase their corrosion properties or will be also an ideal substrate for commercial painting, assuring improved mechanical adhesion and protection even in the presence of damages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys)
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14 pages, 4576 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of Zinc Substrate Encapsulated by Fluoropolyurethane and Its Drag-Reduction Enhancement by Chemical Etching
by Yuanzhe Li, Zhe Cui, Qiucheng Zhu, Srikanth Narasimalu and Zhili Dong
Coatings 2020, 10(4), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10040377 - 10 Apr 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3366
Abstract
A fluoropolyurethane-encapsulated process was designed to rapidly fabricate low-flow resistance surfaces on the zinc substrate. For the further enhancement of the drag-reduction effect, Cu2+-assisted chemical etching was introduced during the fabrication process, and its surface morphology, wettability, and flow-resistance properties in [...] Read more.
A fluoropolyurethane-encapsulated process was designed to rapidly fabricate low-flow resistance surfaces on the zinc substrate. For the further enhancement of the drag-reduction effect, Cu2+-assisted chemical etching was introduced during the fabrication process, and its surface morphology, wettability, and flow-resistance properties in a microchannel were also studied. It is indicated that the zinc substrate with a micro-nanoscale roughness obtained by Cu2+-assisted nitric acid etching was superhydrophilic. However, after the etched zinc substrate is encapsulated with fluoropolyurethane, the superhydrophobic wettability can be obtained with a contact angle of 154.8° ± 2.5° and a rolling angle of less than 10°. As this newly fabricated surface was placed into a non-standard design microchannel, it was found that with the increase of Reynolds number, the drag-reduction rate of the superhydrophobic surface remained basically unchanged at 4.0% compared with the original zinc substrate. Furthermore, the prepared superhydrophobic surfaces exhibited outstanding reliability in most liquids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification of Metals and Alloys)
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