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A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 14988

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hao Wu

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Guest Editor

School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
Interests: pavement materials

Prof. Dr. Wei Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Road Engineering Department, School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
Interests: pavement materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid development of the global social economy and the challenges it poses to the environment have been strongly supported and affected by pavement infrastructure. New theories, new methods, new technologies, and new materials related to pavement engineering are continuously emerging. The spreading of nanomaterial technology, the use of sustainable materials with improved performances, and the integration of asphalt and concrete materials into the category of smart materials has led to the development of functional characteristics that traditional pavement materials do not have, such as self-purifying pavements, cool pavements, self-sensing pavements, anti-icing pavements, energy harvesting pavements, permeable and noise reduction pavements, self-healing pavements, reclaimed asphalt pavements, etc. This will shape future trends in pavement coating materials.

Due to the twin impacts of traffic and environmental media, the deterioration of pavement infrastructure is a typical multi-physics problem and the predictions of pavement service conditions and life become more and more complicated, necessitating a deeper knowledge of pavement materials. On the other hand, pavement construction, maintenance, management, and cost are highly affected by the material used in pavements, and with the emergence of new pavement materials, knowledge of how these aspects will be affected is essential.

This Special Issue aims to present innovative and state-of-the-art science and technology on a variety of topics with the goal of developing new pavement coating materials and solutions for sustainable pavements that will facilitate the efficient utilization of energy, expand the functionality of pavement materials, and extend the life of pavement. The scope of this Special Issue will serve as a forum for papers on the following topics:

New and modified pavement materials;
Pavement materials with low energy consumption;
Functional pavement materials and structures;
Environmentally friendly pavement materials;
Waste recycling in the application of pavements;
Recycling of asphalt pavement materials;
Sustainable development and sustainability of pavement systems.

Prof. Dr. Hao Wu
Prof. Dr. Wei Cao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

pavement coating materials
functionality
sustainability
environmentally friendly

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Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4967 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Rapeseed Imidazoline Addition on the Properties of Lab-Aged 35/50 Pen Grade Bitumen

by Robert Jurczak

Coatings 2024, 14(3), 267; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14030267 - 22 Feb 2024

Viewed by 836

Abstract

For the successful reuse of old asphalt as reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) added to new bituminous mixtures, it is necessary to improve some of its properties. This can be attained, for example, by adding an appropriate rejuvenator. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of lab-aged 35/50 pen grade bitumen rejuvenated with the addition of two varieties of rapeseed imidazoline. Dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and ductilometer tests were further conducted to evaluate the properties of bituminous binders at the intermediate operating temperature of road pavements. The obtained results demonstrated a beneficial effect of rapeseed imidazoline on the properties of the tested pen grade bitumen after ageing when added at a rate of 6% or more. This effect was the most pronounced in the case of the fatigue cracking critical temperature (FCCT), where a lower value was obtained for the aged and rejuvenated 35/50 bitumen than for the same bitumen before ageing. The tensile curves developed from the results of the tensile force tests using the ductilometer confirmed the previous conclusions from the measurements using the DSR. However, the original plastic behaviour of the aged pen grade bitumen was restored only through the addition of rapeseed imidazoline at a rate of 8%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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17 pages, 5964 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hydration Heat and Hydration Kinetics of Cement Paste Compound with Molybdenum Tailings Powder: A Research Article

by Qinghui Cheng, Weiqi Meng and Kunlin Ma

Coatings 2023, 13(12), 2073; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13122073 - 12 Dec 2023

Viewed by 1238

Abstract

Molybdenum tailings powder (MTs) has potential pozzolanic activity and can be used as a mineral admixture. In order to comprehend the influence of MTs powder on the cement hydration process, the hydration heat and kinetics of composite cementitious materials (CCMs) were investigated using an isothermal calorimeter and the Krstulovic–Dabic model. Furthermore, the influences of fly ash (FA), slag (SL), and MTs powder on hydration heat were compared and analyzed, considering the same content. The results show that the proper amount of MTs can promote the hydration of CCMs. When the content of MTs is 5% and 15%, the second exothermic peak of the CCMs appears 2.30% and 4.27% earlier, and the exothermic peak increases by 2.72% and 1.34%, respectively. The cumulative heat release of CCMs gradually decreases with an increasing content of MTs powder. When the replacement of MTs, FA, and SL is 15%, respectively, the second exothermic peak of CCMs increases by 1.34%, −16.13%, and −12.04% for MTs, FA, and SL, respectively. The final heat release of MTs is higher than that of FA, but lower than that of SL. The hydration process of CCMs undergoes three stages: nucleation and crystal growth (NG), interactions at phase boundaries (I), and diffusion (D). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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14 pages, 25866 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation on Fracture Performance of Hot-Mix Asphalt with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement under Fatigue Loading

by Xingren Zhou, Weimin Song and Hao Wu

Coatings 2023, 13(8), 1318; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081318 - 27 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1187

Abstract

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has been widely used in asphalt pavement. However, the fatigue performance of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) with RAP is a critical factor to ensure durability. In this study, fatigue tests using an Overlay Tester (OT) were conducted using a novel load-controlled mode. RAP contents were 0, 25% and 50%, respectively. In the cyclic loading, fatigue life and energy parameters were measured. Results indicated that RAP decreased both the fracture energy and tensile strength. Fatigue life was determined using two methods. RAP was proved to be beneficial in prolonging the fatigue life using the two methods at 25 °C. However, opposite conclusions were made about the effect of RAP on fatigue life at −10 °C. At −10 °C, compared to HMA without RAP, the cumulative dissipated energies decreased by 49.1% and 77.3% when RAP contents were 25% and 50%, respectively. At 25 °C, compared to HMA without RAP, the inclusion of 25% RAP increased the cumulative energy by 31.1%, while 50% RAP decreased the cumulative energy by 41.2%. The developments of the dissipated energy and the cumulative energy were consistent with the fatigue life results determined by the first method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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14 pages, 8386 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mechanical Properties Test and Enhancement Mechanism of Lime Soil Modified by High Content Soda Residue for Road Use

by Shengxue Zhu, Yiting Tang, Quan Xu, Kun Zhang, Hui Li, Zhiling Zhu and Wei Yin

Coatings 2022, 12(10), 1539; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101539 - 13 Oct 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1433

Abstract

In order to solve the problem of solid waste soda residue (SR) environmental pollution and resourceful utilization, lime soil modified by high content soda residue (LSMHCSR) is prepared by solid waste SR, lime and soil. In this paper, the basic characteristics of SR and the mechanical properties of LSMHCSR were tested, and the enhancement mechanism of LSMHCSR was analyzed. The test results showed that: (1) SR is mainly composed of CaCO₃, Ca(OH)₂ and CaCl₂, with high natural moisture content, which is not recommended as a separate engineering filler; (2) As the SR content gradually increased, the optimum moisture content of LSMHCSR gradually increased, with the maximum dry density first increasing and then decreasing; (3) With SR content in the range of 10% to 30%, both 7d and 28d UCS of LSMHCSR increased first and then decreased, reaching the maximum under 15% SR, with the increase as high as 36.9% and 37.2%, respectively. The optimal material mix ratio was SR:lime:soil = 15%:6%:85%; (4) An appropriate amount of SR could effectively promote the physical filling, cementation, crystallization and carbonization, and pozzolanic reactions of the material, and the resulting cementing substances, such as CaCO₃ crystals, C-H-S and N-A-S-H, could improve the material strength. However, under excessive SR amounts, the excess SR did not react, with the material strength reduced. Based on the engineering benefit analysis of the test section, lime soil modified by high content SR can effectively alleviate the road material supply shortage, soil erosion and solid waste pollution problems, demonstrating remarkable technical, economic and social benefits and enjoying a good prospect of application and promotion. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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20 pages, 7369 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Investigation on Adhesion Characteristics of Virgin-Aged Composite Binder and Binder-Aggregate System

by Hao Wu, Shidong Xu, Yiqun Zhan, Weimin Song and Shu Bai

Coatings 2022, 12(10), 1413; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101413 - 27 Sep 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1644

Abstract

In recycled asphalt mixtures, the RAP binder often becomes stiff and brittle due to aging, making it difficult to achieve a complete integration with the added virgin binder, which could provide a negative impact on the long-term performance of the recycled asphalt mixtures. In an attempt to identify the influence of the integration degree on the adhesion characteristics of virgin-aged composite binder and the corresponding binder-aggregate system, a series of experiments, including the modified boiling test and pull-off test and corresponding formation methods for the binder samples with various interfusion states, were designed and carried out in the present study. The two-layered composite binder (CB), consisting of a layer of virgin binder and a layer of aged binder was fabricated for the experiments, and the testing results were analyzed and compared with those of the virgin binder (VB), the aged binder (AB), and the blended binder (BB). The thermostatic treatments with various durations were subjected to the binder samples to attribute them with various integrations, and the wetting conditioning was also imposed on them to introduce the impact of moisture erosions. The rheological properties, creep recovery capacity, and fatigue resistance of the binders were first investigated based on a dynamic shear rheometer. The adhesion characteristics and failure behaviors of the binder-aggregate system were furthermore explored with the modified boiling test and pull-off test, and the percentage of residual binder (%_residual binder), pull-off test strength (POTS), and moisture damage index (MDI) were adopted to assess or quantify their adhesion characteristics and moisture susceptibility. The results found that the rheological properties and creep recovery capacity of the CB were similar to those of the VB, and its fatigue life exhibited an increasing trend with the extension of the thermostatic-treatment duration. In contrast to the modified boiling test, the pull-off test was more effective at evaluating the integration and distinguishing the failure behaviors of the binder-aggregate system. As the thermostatic-treatment duration prolonged, the interfusion between the virgin and the aged binder was facilitated, the cohesion within the binder and the adhesion between the binder and the aggregate was also enhanced, and thus the adhesion performance and moisture-damage resistance of the system were improved. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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40 pages, 20619 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Micro-Mechanics Modelling of TPU-Modified Asphalt Mastic

by Xin Jin, Fengchi Wang, Zhichen Wang, Ye Yang, Zhaoyang Chu, Naisheng Guo and Xin Lv

Coatings 2022, 12(7), 1029; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12071029 - 20 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1904

Abstract

To explore the interactions and mechanisms of Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-modified asphalt with different kinds of mineral fillers, a micro-mechanical model for TPU-modified asphalt mastic was established, which considered the interaction between asphalt and mineral powder to effectively analyze the internal mechanisms affecting the rheological properties of TPU-modified asphalt mastic. In this study, according to the micro-mechanics of composites’ principles, the dynamic shear modulus (|G^*|) of asphalt mastic with different mass ratios of filler/asphalt (F/A) was calculated by the homogenize morphologically representative pattern (H-MRP) model. The key ratio of F/A, which is close to the test result, can be determined, and a four-phase H-MRP model of the TPU modified asphalt mastic was established after considering the structure of asphalt layer thickness. The results were interpreted based on the known reactions of TPU with asphalt model compounds. The |G^*| of TPU-modified asphalt mastic was predicted by using this model. Furthermore, the effects of the complex shear modulus, Poisson’s ratio of TPU-modified asphalt, Poisson’s ratio, particle size of mineral powder, and thickness of the structural asphalt layer in the |G^*| of TPU-modified asphalt mastic were analyzed in the whole-model construction, as well as the internal mechanism of the |G^*| of TPU modified asphalt mastic. In addition, can also be found the predicted value of |G^*| calculated by the four-phase H-MRP model is close to the experimental value after choosing a structural asphalt layer of appropriate thickness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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17 pages, 3830 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characteristics of Vibration Waves Measured in Concrete Lining of Excavated Tunnel during Blasting in Adjacent Tunnel

by Qingbin Zhang, Zongxian Zhang, Congshi Wu, Junsheng Yang and Zhenyu Wang

Coatings 2022, 12(7), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12070954 - 5 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1888

Abstract

The effect of a blasting vibration from an excavating tunnel on an adjacent excavated tunnel is of great importance for the stability and security of twin tunnels. Due to the relatively small distance between the tunnel face of the excavating tunnel and the concrete lining of the excavated tunnel, the impact of blasting could be significant and should be considered in a practical project. In order to control the blasting scales during the excavation of one tunnel and minimize the effect of blasting on the adjacent one, research based on field-blasting tests performed on twin tunnels is presented in this study. The particle velocities on the concrete lining of the excavating tunnel caused by blasting from the adjacent excavated tunnel were measured and analysed during six rounds of blasts. According to the measured vibration waves, it was clear that the peak particle velocity (PPV) from each blast was always induced by cut blasting, therefore, the maximum vibration due to each blast was mainly dependent on cut blasting. The measured maximum PPV for all the blasts was 15.55 cm/s, corresponding to a maximum tensile stress of 1.44 MPa observed on the concrete lining, which was smaller than the tensile strength of the concrete lining, in accordance with the one-dimensional elastic-wave theory. Moreover, the attenuation of the vibration waves varied in different regions, and they could be utilized to demonstrate the impact characteristics of the blasting; e.g., the particle velocities in the region along the excavating direction were 1.12 to 1.79 times larger than those in the region opposite to the excavating direction, and the difference increased with the increasing distance to the blasting source. The particle velocities on the side of the excavated tunnel close to the excavating tunnel were larger than those on the other side of the excavated tunnel. However, the particle velocities of the two aforementioned regions were similar when the distance between the measuring point and the blasting source was more than 6 m in the longitudinal direction of the tunnels. Furthermore, the measured vibration waves could be used to evaluate and improve the blast designs of tunnelling with the drill-and-blast method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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11 pages, 5684 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Sewage Sludge Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Kaolin-Sewage Sludge Ceramic Bricks

by Xuan Zhang, Yang Jiao, Laihao Yu, Lili Liu, Xidong Wang and Yingyi Zhang

Coatings 2022, 12(7), 944; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12070944 - 3 Jul 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1787

Abstract

The dramatic increase in sewage sludge production requires researchers to develop and explore more commercially viable ways for alleviating current environmental and socioeconomic challenges connected with its routine management. It has been established that sewage sludge can be processed to fabricate various valuable products or as fuels for electricity generation. In this research, kaolin (calcined from coal gangue) and sewage sludge were successfully used to prepare porous ceramic bricks without any additives. The effect of sewage sludge on the microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of kaolin-sewage sludge ceramic bricks was investigated. The results show that the kaolin-sewage sludge ceramic bricks are mainly composed of mullite (3Al₂O₃·2SiO₂), sillimanite (Al₂SiO₅), aluminum phosphate (AlPO₄), hematite (Fe₂O₃) as well as a small amount of quartz (SiO₂). The ceramic bricks present a typical porous structure, and the number and size of micropores increases noticeably with the increase of sewage sludge content. The sintering shrinkage rate and porosity of ceramic bricks increased significantly with the increase of sewage sludge content, which is mainly attributed to the increase of liquid phase proportion and high temperature volatilization. Sewage sludge can significantly improve the mechanical properties of kaolin-sewage sludge ceramic bricks. When the sewage sludge content is 30 wt.%, the ceramic bricks present the maximum compressive strength and flexural strength and high porosity (32.74%). The maximum sintering shrinkage rate and porosity are 12.17% and 40.51%, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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16 pages, 3783 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Performance and Microstructure of Cold Recycled Mixtures with Asphalt Emulsion

by Ye Yang, Zongguang Sun, Yanhai Yang, Liang Yue and Guanliang Chen

Coatings 2022, 12(6), 802; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060802 - 9 Jun 2022

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2193

Abstract

Although it is widely recognized that freeze–thaw cycles have a great influence on the properties of asphalt pavement, a quantitative understanding of how freeze–thaw cycles affect cold recycled mixtures with asphalt emulsion (CRME) is so far still lacking. The main objective of the paper was to investigate the performance and microstructure of CRME under freeze–thaw cycles with different water saturation conditions. For this, air voids, high-temperature stability, low-temperature cracking resistance, and moisture susceptibility of CRME were analyzed based on laboratory tests. The micro-morphology and chemical composition of cement asphalt emulsified compound mortar were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed air voids of CRME increase as freeze–thaw cycles increase; the high-temperature stability, low-temperature cracking resistance, and moisture susceptibility of CRME decrease as freeze–thaw cycles increase; the asphalt strips from the surface of hydration products, and the composite structure mainly consists of hydration products as freeze–thaw cycles increase; the microstructure of CRME is destroyed. The freeze–thaw cycles have a negative effect on the CRME performance and microstructure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science and Technology of Pavement Coatings Materials)

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