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Crystals
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Metamaterials and Their Devices
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Metamaterials and Their Devices

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Hybrid and Composite Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 7083

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Youngpak Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
2. Quantum Photonic Science Research Center and RINS, Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Interests: metamaterials; spin-photonic crystals; magneto-optical properties
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Haiyu Zheng

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Quantum Photonic Science Research Center and RINS, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
Interests: metamaterials
Dr. Bui Xuan Khuyen

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Interests: metamaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past two decades, metamaterials (MMs) have led a revolution in new material science through the artificial arrangement of electric- and magnetic-resonance structures (meta-atoms) at subwavelength scale. In particular, they have enriched the fundamental rules of matter–light interactions, such as slow light, super resolution, super-lensing, and electromagnetic (EM) cloaking. The main reason for the attention paid to MMs is that they are very close in appearance to real life, such as perfect absorbers. EM MMs reveal remarkable responses to the incident EM wave, such as negative-refraction index, extraordinary optical transmission, electromagnetically induced transparency-like effects, and ultra-thin and broadband absorbers. The designed structures, the structural parameters, and the properties of used materials yield the effective electric permittivity (εeff(ω)) and the effective magnetic permeability (μeff(ω)) of overall MMs, based on the effective-medium theory. Studies on the control of EM response and its spatial distribution and dispersion are ripe and lead to potential and almost-realized applications. There are emerging fields in MM research, such as nonlinear, switchable, gain-assisted, sensor, quantum, and coding MMs, all representing a variety of MM applications.

Prof. Dr. Youngpak Lee
Dr. Haiyu Zheng
Dr. Bui Xuan Khuyen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metamaterials
  • applications
  • fundamental issues
  • emerging fields for MMs
  • electromagnetic response
  • magnetic-resonance
  • electric-resonance

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 4742 KiB  
Article
Tellurium Photonic Crystal-Based Terahertz Polarization Splitter Using a Diamond-Shaped Ferrite Pillar Array
by Haiping Zhang, Zhifeng Zeng and Yong Wang
Crystals 2024, 14(12), 1015; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14121015 (registering DOI) - 23 Nov 2024
Viewed by 240
Abstract
A T-shaped photonic crystal waveguide was designed with square lattice tellurium photonic crystals. A diamond-shaped ferrite pillar array was inserted in the junction of the waveguide to make a novel terahertz polarization splitter. Both transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes were numerically investigated [...] Read more.
A T-shaped photonic crystal waveguide was designed with square lattice tellurium photonic crystals. A diamond-shaped ferrite pillar array was inserted in the junction of the waveguide to make a novel terahertz polarization splitter. Both transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes were numerically investigated by the plane wave expansion method, which used complete photonic band gaps covering from 0.138 THz to 0.144 THz. In this frequency domain of the fully polarized band gaps, the transmission efficiency of the photonic crystal waveguide was up to −0.21 dB and −1.67 dB for the transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes, respectively. Under the action of a DC magnetic field, the THz waves were rotated 90 degrees by the diamond-shaped ferrite pillar array. Transverse electric waves or transverse magnetic waves can be separated by a polarization isolator (six smaller tellurium rods) from the fixed waves. The characteristics of the designed polarization splitter were analyzed by the finite element method, and its transmission efficiency was optimized to 95 percent by fine-tuning the radii of the thirteen ferrite pillars. A future integrated communication network of sky–earth–space will require fully polarized devices in the millimeter and terahertz wavebands. The envisaged polarization splitter has a unique function and provides a promising method for the realization of fully polarized 6G devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Their Devices)
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16 pages, 6242 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Low-Frequency Sound Absorption Performance and Optimization of Structural Parameters for Acoustic Metamaterials for Spatial Double Helix Resonators
by Yuanqing Luo, Tao Yu, Shuang Kang, Dacheng Zhang, Shiyue Liu, Xueyong Tian and Feng Sun
Crystals 2024, 14(10), 887; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14100887 - 12 Oct 2024
Viewed by 545
Abstract
Low-frequency noise absorbers often require large structural dimensions, constraining their development in practical applications. In order to improve space utilization, an acoustic metamaterial with a spatial double helix, called a spatial double helix resonator (SDHR), is proposed in this paper. An analytical model [...] Read more.
Low-frequency noise absorbers often require large structural dimensions, constraining their development in practical applications. In order to improve space utilization, an acoustic metamaterial with a spatial double helix, called a spatial double helix resonator (SDHR), is proposed in this paper. An analytical model of the spatial double-helix resonator is established and verified by numerical simulations and impedance tube experiments. By comparing the acoustic absorption coefficients of the spatial double-helix resonator, it is shown that the results of the analytical model, the numerical model, and the experiments are in good agreement, proving the accuracy of the theoretical model. The effects of different structural parameters on the peak sound absorption coefficient and resonance frequency are quantitatively revealed. The impedance variation law of the model is obtained, and the resistance and reactance distributions at the resonance frequency are analyzed. In the optimization model, the Back Propagation (BP) network is used to construct the mapping between the structural parameters and the resonance frequency and sound absorption coefficient, and this is used as the constraints of the equation, which is combined with Wild Horse Optimization (WHO) to establish the BP-WHO optimization model to minimize the volume of the spatial double helix resonator. The results show that, for a given noise frequency, the optimized structural parameters enhance the space utilization without affecting the performance of the space double helix resonator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Their Devices)
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15 pages, 530 KiB  
Article
Directional Acoustic Bulk Waves in a 2D Phononic Crystal
by Pierre A. Deymier, Jérôme O. Vasseur, Keith Runge, Krishna Muralidharan, Alexander Khanikaev and Andrea Alù
Crystals 2024, 14(8), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14080674 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 815
Abstract
We used the transfer matrix method to investigate the conditions supporting the existence of directional bulk waves in a two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal. The 2D crystal was a square lattice of unit cells composed of rectangular subunits constituted of two different isotropic continuous [...] Read more.
We used the transfer matrix method to investigate the conditions supporting the existence of directional bulk waves in a two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal. The 2D crystal was a square lattice of unit cells composed of rectangular subunits constituted of two different isotropic continuous media. We established the conditions on the geometry of the phononic crystal and its constitutive media for the emergence of waves, which, for the same handedness, exhibited a non-zero amplitude in one direction within the crystal’s 2D Brillouin zone and zero amplitude in the opposite direction. Due to time-reversal symmetry, the crystal supported propagation in the reverse direction for the opposite handedness. These features may enable robust directional propagation of bulk acoustic waves and topological acoustic technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Their Devices)
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12 pages, 5143 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of FeCo-C Alloy by Exploiting Metamaterial Structure
by Tang Xuan Duong, Do Khanh Tung, Bui Xuan Khuyen, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh, Bui Son Tung, Vu Dinh Lam, Liangyao Chen, Haiyu Zheng and YoungPak Lee
Crystals 2023, 13(7), 1006; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13071006 - 25 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1470
Abstract
This study presents a tri-layer broadband metamaterial absorber that operates in the GHz range. The absorber was composed of a polyhedral iron-cobalt alloy/graphite nanosheet material arranged in a flat sheet with two punched-in rings for the top layer, a continuous FR-4 layer at [...] Read more.
This study presents a tri-layer broadband metamaterial absorber that operates in the GHz range. The absorber was composed of a polyhedral iron-cobalt alloy/graphite nanosheet material arranged in a flat sheet with two punched-in rings for the top layer, a continuous FR-4 layer at the middle, and a continuous copper layer at the bottom. For the normal incidence of the electromagnetic wave, the proposed absorber demonstrated an exceptional broadband absorption in a frequency range of 7.9–14.6 GHz, revealing an absorption exceeding 90%. The absorption magnitude remains to be above 90% in a frequency range of 8–11.1 GHz for transverse-electric-polarized waves at incident angles up to 55°. For both the transverse-magnetic- and electric-polarized waves, the absorption exceeds 90% in a frequency range of 9.5–14.6 GHz. The physical mechanism behind the absorption properties is analyzed thoroughly through the electric and magnetic field distributions. The obtained results could contribute potentially to the development of microwave applications based on metamaterial absorbers, such as radar-stealth technology, electromagnetic shielding for health safety, and reduced electromagnetic interferences for high-performance communications and electronic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Their Devices)
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16 pages, 4448 KiB  
Article
A Locally Disordered Metamaterial for Directing and Trapping Water Waves
by Wei-Qi Sun, Yu-Han Wang, Zhu-Long Xu, Xiang Fang and Kuo-Chih Chuang
Crystals 2023, 13(5), 826; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13050826 - 16 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1536
Abstract
Manipulating the flow of water wave energy is crucial for ocean wave energy extraction or coastal protection, and the emergence of metamaterials paves a potential way for controlling water waves. In this work, by introducing a local disorder in a cavity-type metamaterial constructed [...] Read more.
Manipulating the flow of water wave energy is crucial for ocean wave energy extraction or coastal protection, and the emergence of metamaterials paves a potential way for controlling water waves. In this work, by introducing a local disorder in a cavity-type metamaterial constructed by split-tube resonators, we show that water waves can be guided in an open channel with multiple energy flow paths formed merely by surrounded disconnected concurrent resonators that can serve as invisible walls without the requirement of a whole array system such as general periodic structures or waveguides. Specifically, we numerically and experimentally validate that a T-shaped metamaterial can achieve free guiding of water waves in a narrow band and a band-edge state along a distinct path. This open-space water waveguiding is found to be dominated by Fano-type interference and Fabry–Pérot resonance. Two distinct propagating modes, a low-frequency “trapping mode” and a high-frequency “following mode”, are identified. By simply rotating two configuration-dependent unit cells at the intersection of the metamaterial, we achieve a variety of water waveguiding paths tuning along rectilinear or bending (splitting or turning) directions, which rely on the two different propagating modes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Their Devices)
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11 pages, 2452 KiB  
Article
Temperature Dependence of Optical Bistability in Superconductor–Semiconductor Photonic Crystals Embedded with Graphene
by Libing Qian, Yonghong Hu, Zhiyuan Chen, Dong Zhao, Junjie Dong and Xiaoling Chen
Crystals 2023, 13(3), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030545 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1593
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the optical bistability in superconductor–semiconductor photonic crystals composed of graphene. The photonic crystals are symmetric to the center and arranged alternately by the superconductor (HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ) and semiconductor (GaAs) layers. The system supports [...] Read more.
We theoretically investigate the optical bistability in superconductor–semiconductor photonic crystals composed of graphene. The photonic crystals are symmetric to the center and arranged alternately by the superconductor (HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ) and semiconductor (GaAs) layers. The system supports a defect mode, and graphene is located at the layer interface where the local electric field is the strongest. Consequently, the optical nonlinearity of graphene has been greatly enhanced, and low-threshold optical bistability can be achieved with an incident wavelength red-detuning to the defect mode. The upper and lower thresholds of bistability increase with the increase in the value of low environmental temperature, while the interval between the upper and lower thresholds decreases. This research has a potential application in temperature-controlled optical switches and temperature-controlled optical memory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metamaterials and Their Devices)
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