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Diagnostics
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Cardio-Renal Metabolic Syndrome: Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Methods
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Cardio-Renal Metabolic Syndrome: Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Methods

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 19876

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Simona Gabriela Bungau

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
Interests: pharmacy; pharmacology; public health; medicine; chemistry; clinical trials; nutrition; polyphenols; oxidative stress; antioxidants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Medical interdisciplinarity in making a correct diagnosis is of the utmost importance for an optimal treatment, which should include both effective therapeutic aspect means (drugs and/or surgery) and the complex aspects related to nutrition, lifestyle, rehabilitation, etc.

This Special Issue intends to cover scientific and experimental data and information related to modern and complex interdisciplinary diagnosis, in directions such as:

  • New methods for evaluating metabolic cardio-renal diseases;
  • Nutritional, pharmacological, and rehabilitation interventions in metabolic diseases and their complications;
  • Diagnostic algorithms from medical history/clinical picture to imaging, biochemical, molecular, and genetic tests;
  • New markers for assessing cardio-metabolic risk , such as clinically significant molecules, intestinal microbiota, etc.;
  • The role of plant-derived natural compounds/biologically active phytochemicals in chronic metabolic diseases;
  • Impact of novel guidelines in real-life studies for the diagnosis and treatment of cardio-metabolic diseases;
  • Treatments with beneficial effects in the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality;
  • Interdisciplinarity in diagnosis and interventions.

Original research articles and reviews are equally welcome.

Prof. Dr. Simona Bungau
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardio-renal metabolic syndrome
  • interdisciplinary diagnostic methods
  • diagnostic algorithms
  • therapy

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1035 KiB  
Article
Waist Circumference as a Preventive Tool of Atherogenic Dyslipidemia and Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults Males: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study
by Alberto Hernández-Reyes, Ángela Vidal, Alicia Moreno-Ortega, Fernando Cámara-Martos and Rafael Moreno-Rojas
Diagnostics 2020, 10(12), 1033; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10121033 - 2 Dec 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3000
Abstract
Although the correlation coefficient between body mass index (BMI) and poor lipid profile has been reported, representing a cardiovascular risk, the need to find new early detection markers is real. Waist circumference and markers of atherogenic dyslipidemia are not usually measured in medical [...] Read more.
Although the correlation coefficient between body mass index (BMI) and poor lipid profile has been reported, representing a cardiovascular risk, the need to find new early detection markers is real. Waist circumference and markers of atherogenic dyslipidemia are not usually measured in medical review appointments. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between central adiposity and cardiovascular risk. This was a cross-sectional pilot study of 57 young males (age: 35.9 ± 10.85, BMI: 32.4 ± 6.08) recruited from community settings and allocated to non-obese or obese attending to their waist circumference. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) were measured from plasma samples. Patients with at least 100 cm of waist circumference had significantly increased TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and triglycerides and lower levels of HDL-C. The three atherogenic ratios TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and TG/HDL-C were all optimal in non-obese patients. LDL-C/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C were significantly higher and over the limit when assessing for atherogenic dyslipidemia. The number of patients at risk for cardiovascular events increases 2.5 folds in obese compared to non-obese. Measurement of waist circumference could be adopted as a simpler valid alternative to BMI for health promotion, to alert those at risk of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Renal Metabolic Syndrome: Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Methods)
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Review

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20 pages, 1137 KiB  
Review
Role of Albuminuria in Detecting Cardio-Renal Risk and Outcome in Diabetic Subjects
by Pia Clara Pafundi, Carlo Garofalo, Raffaele Galiero, Silvio Borrelli, Alfredo Caturano, Luca Rinaldi, Michele Provenzano, Teresa Salvatore, Luca De Nicola, Roberto Minutolo and Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
Diagnostics 2021, 11(2), 290; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020290 - 12 Feb 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3643
Abstract
The clinical significance of albuminuria in diabetic subjects and the impact of its reduction on the main cardiorenal outcomes by different drug classes are among the most interesting research focuses of recent years. Although nephrologists and cardiologists have been paying attention to the [...] Read more.
The clinical significance of albuminuria in diabetic subjects and the impact of its reduction on the main cardiorenal outcomes by different drug classes are among the most interesting research focuses of recent years. Although nephrologists and cardiologists have been paying attention to the study of proteinuria for years, currently among diabetics, increased urine albumin excretion ascertains the highest cardio-renal risk. In fact, diabetes is a condition by itself associated with a high-risk of both micro/macrovascular complications. Moreover, proteinuria reduction in diabetic subjects by several treatments lowers both renal and cardiovascular disease progression. The 2019 joint ESC-EASD guidelines on diabetes, prediabetes and cardiovascular (CV) disease assign to proteinuria a crucial role in defining CV risk level in the diabetic patient. In fact, proteinuria by itself allows the diabetic patient to be staged at very high CV risk, thus affecting the choice of anti-hyperglycemic drug class. The purpose of this review is to present a clear update on the role of albuminuria as a cardio-renal risk marker, starting from pathophysiological mechanisms in support of this role. Besides this, we will show the prognostic value in observational studies, as well as randomized clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrating the potential improvement of cardio-renal outcomes in diabetic patients by reducing proteinuria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Renal Metabolic Syndrome: Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Methods)
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23 pages, 4175 KiB  
Review
OX-HDL: A Starring Role in Cardiorenal Syndrome and the Effects of Heme Oxygenase-1 Intervention
by Stephen J. Peterson, Abu Choudhary, Amardeep K. Kalsi, Shuyang Zhao, Ragin Alex and Nader G. Abraham
Diagnostics 2020, 10(11), 976; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10110976 - 20 Nov 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4013
Abstract
In this review, we will evaluate how high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway are critical for proper cardiovascular–renal physiology. We will begin by reviewing the basic concepts of HDL cholesterol synthesis and pathway regulation, followed by cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) [...] Read more.
In this review, we will evaluate how high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway are critical for proper cardiovascular–renal physiology. We will begin by reviewing the basic concepts of HDL cholesterol synthesis and pathway regulation, followed by cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) pathophysiology. After explaining how the HDL and RCT pathways become dysfunctional through oxidative processes, we will elaborate on the potential role of HDL dysfunction in CRS. We will then present findings on how HDL function and the inducible antioxidant gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are interconnected and how induction of HO-1 is protective against HDL dysfunction and important for the proper functioning of the cardiovascular–renal system. This will substantiate the proposal of HO-1 as a novel therapeutic target to prevent HDL dysfunction and, consequently, cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction, and the onset of CRS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Renal Metabolic Syndrome: Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Methods)
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19 pages, 2920 KiB  
Review
Cardiovascular Risk and Statin Therapy Considerations in Women
by Gina Gheorghe, Peter P. Toth, Simona Bungau, Tapan Behl, Madalina Ilie, Anca Pantea Stoian, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Marius Rus and Camelia Cristina Diaconu
Diagnostics 2020, 10(7), 483; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10070483 - 16 Jul 2020
Cited by 64 | Viewed by 7660
Abstract
Despite major progress in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, women remain an underdiagnosed and insufficiently treated group, with higher hospitalization and death rates compared to men. Obesity, more frequently encountered in women, raises the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases [...] Read more.
Despite major progress in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, women remain an underdiagnosed and insufficiently treated group, with higher hospitalization and death rates compared to men. Obesity, more frequently encountered in women, raises the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases as women age. There are some differences based on sex regarding the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of dyslipidemia, as it has been observed that women are less frequently prescribed statins and, when they are, they receive lower doses, even after myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization. Real-life data show that, compared to men, women are at higher risk of non-adherence to statin treatment and are more predisposed to discontinue treatment because of side effects. Statin metabolism has some particularities in women, due to a lower glomerular filtration rate, higher body fat percentage, and overall faster statin metabolism. In women of fertile age, before initiating statin treatment, contraception methods should be discussed because statins may have teratogenic effects. Older women have a higher likelihood of polypharmacy, with greater potential for drug interactions when prescribing a statin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardio-Renal Metabolic Syndrome: Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Methods)
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