Enabling Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) for 6G Cellular Networks

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 13348

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Electrical Engineering Department, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80204, USA
Interests: reconfigurable intelligent surface-aided networks; heterogeneous networks; massive MIMO; cooperative MIMO communications; energy harvesting; full-duplex communications; cognitive radio; small-cell; non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA); secure PHY; UAV networks
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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
Interests: radio resource management; green communication; energy harvesting technologies; small cell and heterogeneous networks; cognitive and cooperative communication; machine-to-machine communication; smart grid and smart homes; wireless sensor networks; cross-layer design; performance modeling; analysis and optimization

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Guest Editor
School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
Interests: wireless communications; multi-agent systems; remote health monitoring; game theory and decision theory; machine learning

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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece
Interests: wireless networks and mobile communications; linear and interactive broadcasting; network/service management; QoS provision; and in service/network virtualization over SDN/NFV infrastructure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The future of wireless communications looks exciting with potential new use cases and challenging requirements of future 6th generation (6G) wireless networks. Since the development of traditional wireless communications, the propagation medium has been perceived as a randomly behaving entity between the transmitter and the receiver, which degrades the quality of the received signal due to the uncontrollable interactions of the transmitted radio waves with the surrounding objects. The recent advent of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) in wireless communications, on the other hand, enables network operators to control the radio waves (scattering, reflection, and refraction characteristics) to eliminate the negative effects of natural wireless propagation. Recent results have revealed that multiple antenna systems, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), cognitive radio, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and physical layer security benefit from the RIS mechanism which can effectively provide effective and secure transmissions.

In fact, the research community of communications engineering must conduct extensive research to meet the above challenges. This Special Issue aims at bringing together academic researchers to introduce and share their recent works on the technical protocol and approaches to drawing recent advances of RIS-aided wireless networks and beyond communication networks. 

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Energy efficiency in RIS-aided networks;
  • RIS-assisted UAV communications;
  • Passive beamforming design in RIS-assisted systems;
  • Physical layer security for RIS-aided networks;
  • RIS-aided networks with signal detection and joint transceiver design;
  • Low-complexity channel estimation in RIS-aided networks;
  • RIS-aided networks for the Internet of Things (IoT);
  • Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in RIS-assisted communications;
  • Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) solutions in RIS-aided networks;
  • Cognitive radio in RIS-aided networks;
  • Design of backscatter transmission for RIS-aided networks;
  • RIS-assisted two-way relaying communications;
  • Full-duplex communications in RIS-aided networks;
  • New architectures and communication protocols for RIS-aided networks;
  • RIS-aided networks and testbed designed along with emerging networks;
  • Applications of deep learning to RIS-aided networks;
  • Other emerging networks beat with RIS-aided networks.

Prof. Dinh-Thuan Do
Prof. Alagan Anpalagan
Prof. Fatemeh Afghah
Prof. Evangelos Pallis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)
  • Machine learning
  • Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
  • Internet of Things
  • UAV-assisted RIS communications
  • Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 742 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Wireless Systems with Imperfect Hardware
by Nhan Duc Nguyen, Anh-Tu Le, Munyaradzi Munochiveyi, Fatemeh Afghah and Evangelos Pallis
Electronics 2022, 11(6), 900; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060900 - 14 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3558
Abstract
In this article, we investigate the design of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided transmission as a smart method to reflect signals received from access points to users and, hence, improving users’ performance. To implement smart Internet of Things (IoT) networks, massive connectivity and low-cost [...] Read more.
In this article, we investigate the design of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided transmission as a smart method to reflect signals received from access points to users and, hence, improving users’ performance. To implement smart Internet of Things (IoT) networks, massive connectivity and low-cost deployment are essential in designing such systems. In particular, we consider two practical scenarios (dual-hop and single-hop transmissions). These scenarios highlight the potential of RIS in enhancing the system’s outage probability performance. Furthermore, to characterize channel conditions in practice, we pay particular attention to two-channel distributions that are non-central chi-square (NCCS) distributions that approximate the channel distribution of the RIS-aided wireless system and the squared KG distribution. In addition, the RIS-aided system may face imperfect hardware-related issues in practice. Therefore, we need to consider the degraded performance of practical RIS-aided systems by considering the detrimental impact of in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance (IQI). To characterize the main system performance metric, we provide closed-form formulas of outage probability and ergodic capacity. We then evaluate system performance under the impacts of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the number of meta-surfaces, and channel parameters. All closed-form outage expressions are validated via Monte Carlo simulations. Simulation results indicate that the considered RIS scheme at dual-hop and single hop under the impact of IQI and RIS hardware impairment achieves significant improvements in terms of outage probability at high SNR and high meta-surface number N. Additionally, the simulation results demonstrate that the impact of IQI on the proposed system is limited. It is worth noting that, in terms of ergodic capacity, ergodic capacity faces an upper limit. Despite this limitation, the proposed system can still work well once some parameters are controlled well, such as the transmit SNR, levels of IQI, and the number of RIS components. Full article
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11 pages, 383 KiB  
Article
On the Trade-Off between Energy Efficiency and Spectral Efficiency in RIS-Aided Multi-User MISO Downlink
by Meng Zhang, Le Tan, Kelin Huang and Li You
Electronics 2021, 10(11), 1307; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10111307 - 30 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2769
Abstract
As reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have been gradually brought to reality, a large amount of research has been conducted to investigate the immense benefits of RISs. That is because RISs enable us to artificially direct the radio wave propagating through the environment at [...] Read more.
As reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have been gradually brought to reality, a large amount of research has been conducted to investigate the immense benefits of RISs. That is because RISs enable us to artificially direct the radio wave propagating through the environment at a relatively low cost. This paper investigates the trade-off between spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE) in the RIS-aided multi-user multiple-input single-output downlink. We develop an optimization framework for designing the transmitting precoding at the base station and the phase shift values at the RIS to balance the EE-SE trade-off. The proposed iterative optimization framework for the design includes quadratic transform, alternating optimization, and weighted minimization mean-square error conversion. Simulation results illustrate our optimization framework algorithm exhibits effectiveness and a fast convergence rate. Full article
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Review

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17 pages, 708 KiB  
Review
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Localization: Opportunities and Challenges
by Samarendra Nath Sur, Arun Kumar Singh, Debdatta Kandar, Adão Silva and Nhan Duc Nguyen
Electronics 2022, 11(9), 1411; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11091411 - 28 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3892
Abstract
Future generation communication systems are aiming to provide a tremendous high data rate with low-latency high reliable and three-dimensional coverage. To achieve such a challenging goal, it is required to have very precise location information related to the mobile terminal. The advancement of [...] Read more.
Future generation communication systems are aiming to provide a tremendous high data rate with low-latency high reliable and three-dimensional coverage. To achieve such a challenging goal, it is required to have very precise location information related to the mobile terminal. The advancement of signal processing techniques and communication technologies enables the path for improving localization performance. Recently, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been widely considered as the key element for the future generation of wireless communication. Over the past few years, the performance of IRS-assisted networks is extensively investigated from the point of view of communication purposes and its improvement. However, by virtue of its potential, IRS finds its application for wireless localization. In this paper, we discuss and summarize the works that have already been carried out targeting localization performance improvement. In addition, we figured out the associated challenges and the opportunities to scale up the localization accuracy. Particularly in this paper, the authors have discussed the challenging issues such as channel modeling, channel estimation, system architecture, hardware impairment, IRS deployment strategies, phase optimization, mobility management, and near-field environments. Although these challenges are associated with opportunities to make the IRS-assisted system more effective and efficient. Full article
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