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Design and Control of Power Converters 2020

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2020) | Viewed by 31763

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Guest Editor
Electrical Engineering Department, Power Supply Systems Group, University of Oviedo, 33204 Gijon, Spain
Interests: AC–DC and DC–DC power converters; battery equalizers; UPS; LED lighting; DC micro-grids and solid state transformers
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In terms of research, power electronics is one of the most prolific fields in the world of electronics. One of the main reasons for this is its relevance for present-day society, which is increasingly concerned with energy saving and greener energy production. This scenario constitutes a powerful catalyst for research, not only boosting the amount of interesting ideas, solutions, and studies, but also the number of topics that emerge under the umbrella of power electronics. This can be seen in the fact that well-established research topics, as varied as renewable energies, battery management, and electric traction coexist—or even merge—with more recent topics, such as LED lighting or micro- and nano-grids. Moreover, these topics can be considered as established when compared to others like wide band-gap devices and electric vehicles, where research is still incipient.

In all of the aforementioned topics, in addition to others, the “design and control of power converters” plays a key role. In this Special Issue, representative papers that focus on well-established topics, as well as more recent ones, are sought. This mixture will unquestionably foster new ideas for readers and will help researchers detect solutions that can be migrated from one topic to another, making this Special Issue a relevant milestone for any power electronics engineer.

Prof. Dr. Manuel Arias Pérez de Azpeitia
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Low-power and high-power converters
  • New control techniques in power electronics
  • Very fast response converters and controls
  • Aerospace applications
  • Converters based on wide-band-gap devices
  • Reliability-oriented design and control
  • Lighting
  • Motor drives
  • Renewable energies
  • Power quality and utility applications
  • Solid State transformers
  • Micro- and nano-grids
  • Electric vehicles
  • Battery management systems and battery equalizers

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Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 11040 KiB  
Article
Distortion Due to the Zero Current Detection Circuit in High Power Factor Quasi-Resonant Flybacks
by Claudio Adragna, Giovanni Gritti, Santi Agatino Rizzo and Giovanni Susinni
Energies 2021, 14(2), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14020395 - 12 Jan 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2454
Abstract
In a high-power factor quasi-resonant Flyback, an ideal zero current detection (ZCD) circuit and control circuitry enable the power switch turn-on in the exact instant a zero ringing current is reached after demagnetization. A nonzero current at the turn-on instant affects the input [...] Read more.
In a high-power factor quasi-resonant Flyback, an ideal zero current detection (ZCD) circuit and control circuitry enable the power switch turn-on in the exact instant a zero ringing current is reached after demagnetization. A nonzero current at the turn-on instant affects the input current shape and; consequently, affects its Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). This paper firstly deeply analyzes the effect on the distortion due to a nonideal ZCD circuit. After, some typical implementations of the ZCD circuit and their effect on the THD are analyzed, identifying their pros and cons. Finally, some experimental results are obtained to validate the analytical investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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16 pages, 6018 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Usefulness Range of the Averaged Electrothermal Model of a Diode–Transistor Switch to Compute the Characteristics of the Boost Converter
by Paweł Górecki and Krzysztof Górecki
Energies 2021, 14(1), 154; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14010154 - 30 Dec 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1982
Abstract
In the design of modern power electronics converters, especially DC-DC converters, circuit-level computer simulations play an important role. This article analyses the accuracy of computations of the boost converter characteristics in the steady state using an electrothermal averaged model of a diode–transistor switch [...] Read more.
In the design of modern power electronics converters, especially DC-DC converters, circuit-level computer simulations play an important role. This article analyses the accuracy of computations of the boost converter characteristics in the steady state using an electrothermal averaged model of a diode–transistor switch containing an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and a rapid switching diode. This model has a form of a subcircuit for SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis). The influence of such factors as the switching frequency of the transistor, the duty cycle of the signal controlling the transistor, the input voltage, and the output current of the boost converter on the accuracy of computing the converter output voltage and junction temperature of the IGBT and the diode were analysed. The correctness of the computation results was verified experimentally. Based on the performed computations and measurements, the usefulness range of the model under consideration was determined, and a method of solving selected problems limiting the accuracy of computations of the characteristics of this converter was proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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18 pages, 5624 KiB  
Article
A Universal Mathematical Model of Modular Multilevel Converter with Half-Bridge
by Ming Liu, Zetao Li and Xiaoliu Yang
Energies 2020, 13(17), 4464; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13174464 - 29 Aug 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3136
Abstract
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) play an important role in the power electronics industry due to their many advantages, such as modularity and reliability. In the current research, the simulation method is used to study the system. However, with the increasing number of sub-modules [...] Read more.
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) play an important role in the power electronics industry due to their many advantages, such as modularity and reliability. In the current research, the simulation method is used to study the system. However, with the increasing number of sub-modules (SMs), it is difficult to model and simulate the system. In order to overcome these difficulties, this paper presents a universal mathematical model (UMM) of MMC using half-bridge cells as SMs. The UMM is a full-scale model with switching state, capacitance, inductance, and resistance characteristics. This method can calculate any number of SMs, and it does not need to build a simulation model (SIM) of physical MMC—in particular, parametric design can be realized. Compared with the SIM, the accuracy of the proposed UMM is verified, and the computational efficiency of the UMM is 8.7 times higher than the simulation method. Finally, by utilizing the proposed UMM method, the influence of the parameters of MMCs is studied, including the arm induction, SM capacitance, SM number, and output current/voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) based on the UMM in the paper. The results offer an engineering insight to optimize the design of MMCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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24 pages, 10745 KiB  
Article
Inrush Current Control of High Power Density DC–DC Converter
by Ahmed H. Okilly, Namhun Kim and Jeihoon Baek
Energies 2020, 13(17), 4301; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13174301 - 19 Aug 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 5466
Abstract
This paper presents a complete mathematical design of the main components of 2 kW, 54 direct current (DC)–DC converter stage, which can be used as the second stage of the two stages of alternating current (AC)–DC telecom power supply. In this paper, a [...] Read more.
This paper presents a complete mathematical design of the main components of 2 kW, 54 direct current (DC)–DC converter stage, which can be used as the second stage of the two stages of alternating current (AC)–DC telecom power supply. In this paper, a simple inrush current controlling circuit to eliminate the high inrush current, which is generated due to high input capacitor at the input side of the DC–DC converter, is proposed, designed, and briefly discussed. The proposed circuit is very easy to implement in the lab using a single metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) switch and some small passive elements. PSIM simulation has been used to test the power supply performance using the value of the designed components. Furthermore, the experimental setup of the designed power supply with inrush current control is built in the lab to show the practical performance of the designed power supply and to test the reliability of the proposed inrush current mitigation circuit to eliminate the high inrush current at initial power application to the power supply circuit. DC–DC power supply with phase shift zero voltage switching (ZVS) technique is chosen and designed due to its availability to achieve ZVS over the full load range at the primary side of the power supply, which reduces switching losses and offers high conversion efficiency. High power density DC–DC converter stage with smooth current startup operation, full load efficiency over 95%, and better voltage regulation is achieved in this work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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22 pages, 11627 KiB  
Article
Methods of Modulation for Current-Source Single-Phase Isolated Matrix Converter in a Grid-Connected Battery Application
by Goh Teck Chiang and Takahide Sugiyama
Energies 2020, 13(15), 3845; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13153845 - 27 Jul 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2307
Abstract
This paper discusses three methods of modulation for a single-phase isolated matrix converter. The matrix converter is combined with a transformer integration to perform power decoupling control in order to reduce the number of component and capacitor volumes. Due to the reason of [...] Read more.
This paper discusses three methods of modulation for a single-phase isolated matrix converter. The matrix converter is combined with a transformer integration to perform power decoupling control in order to reduce the number of component and capacitor volumes. Due to the reason of (i) Alternating current (AC/AC) direct conversion and (ii) transformer integration, obtaining a clean sinusoidal grid current waveform in the modulation of matrix converter (MC) is important. Three methods of modulation are compared in terms of control complexity, quality waveform, and inductive-capacitive-inductive (LCL) filter sizing. The principal control of each method is described. Finally, a prototype was tested to verify the validity and the effectiveness of grid current control and power decoupling in the spoken circuit structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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19 pages, 3557 KiB  
Article
Modeling of Magnetic Elements Including Losses—Application to Variable Inductor
by Sarah Saeed, Ramy Georgious and Jorge Garcia
Energies 2020, 13(8), 1865; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13081865 - 11 Apr 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4764
Abstract
This paper proposes and develops a circuit-based model aiming to simulate variable magnetic power elements in power electronic converters. The derived model represents the magnetic element by a reluctance-based equivalent circuit. The model takes into consideration device core losses, with the main emphasis [...] Read more.
This paper proposes and develops a circuit-based model aiming to simulate variable magnetic power elements in power electronic converters. The derived model represents the magnetic element by a reluctance-based equivalent circuit. The model takes into consideration device core losses, with the main emphasis given to hysteresis losses, which are modeled using the Jiles-Atherton model. The core loss model is further validated on different ferromagnetic materials to prove its range of applicability. The winding losses of the magnetic device are also taken into consideration, which are obtained using Dowell empirical formulas. In addition, the frequency dependence of the device losses is also considered. The proposed modeling procedure has been applied to study and characterize a double E-core variable power inductor structure in a 1 kW SiC full bridge DC-DC converter. The procedure has been verified by comparing the simulation results to the experimental measurements, confirming the validity and accuracy of the full circuit-based model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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19 pages, 10495 KiB  
Article
Fault Investigation in Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter through Fast Fourier Transform and Artificial Neural Network Approach
by G. Kiran Kumar, E. Parimalasundar, D. Elangovan, P. Sanjeevikumar, Francesco Lannuzzo and Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen
Energies 2020, 13(6), 1299; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13061299 - 11 Mar 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3569
Abstract
In recent times, multilevel inverters are used as a high priority in many sizeable industrial drive applications. However, the reliability and performance of multilevel inverters are affected by the failure of power electronic switches. In this paper, the failure of power electronic switches [...] Read more.
In recent times, multilevel inverters are used as a high priority in many sizeable industrial drive applications. However, the reliability and performance of multilevel inverters are affected by the failure of power electronic switches. In this paper, the failure of power electronic switches of multilevel inverters is identified with the help of a high-performance diagnostic system during the open switch and low condition. Experimental and simulation analysis was carried out on five levels cascaded h-bridge multilevel inverter, and its output voltage waveforms were synthesized at different switch fault cases and different modulation index parameter values. Salient frequency-domain features of the output voltage signal were extracted using a Fast Fourier Transform decomposition technique. The real-time work of the proposed fault diagnostic system was implemented through the LabVIEW software. The Offline Artificial neural network was trained using the MATLAB software, and the overall system parameters were transferred to the LabVIEW real-time system. With the proposed method, it is possible to identify the individual faulty switch of multilevel inverters successfully. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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18 pages, 5691 KiB  
Article
SiC-Based High Efficiency High Isolation Dual Active Bridge Converter for a Power Electronic Transformer
by Mariam Saeed, María R. Rogina, Alberto Rodríguez, Manuel Arias and Fernando Briz
Energies 2020, 13(5), 1198; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13051198 - 5 Mar 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3693
Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of using silicon carbide (SiC) devices in a three-stage modular power electronic transformer. According to the requirements to be fulfilled by each stage, the second one (the DC/DC isolation converter) presents the most estimable improvements to be gained [...] Read more.
This paper discusses the benefits of using silicon carbide (SiC) devices in a three-stage modular power electronic transformer. According to the requirements to be fulfilled by each stage, the second one (the DC/DC isolation converter) presents the most estimable improvements to be gained from the use of SiC devices. Therefore, this paper is focused on this second stage, implemented with a SiC-based dual active bridge. Selection of the SiC devices is detailed tackling the efficiency improvement which can be obtained when they are co-packed with SiC antiparallel Schottky diodes in addition to their intrinsic body diode. This efficiency improvement is dependent on the dual active bridge operation point. Hence, a simple device loss model is presented to assess the efficiency improvement and understand the reasons for this dependence. Experimental results from a 5-kW Dual Active Bridge prototype have been obtained to validate the model. The dual active bridge converter is also tested as part of the full PET module operating at rated power. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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13 pages, 3301 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Intrinsic Switching Losses in Superjunction MOSFETs Under Zero Voltage Switching
by Maria R. Rogina, Alberto Rodriguez, Diego G. Lamar, Jaume Roig, German Gomez and Piet Vanmeerbeek
Energies 2020, 13(5), 1124; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13051124 - 2 Mar 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3541
Abstract
Switching losses of power transistors usually are the most relevant energy losses in high-frequency power converters. Soft-switching techniques allow a reduction of these losses, but even under soft-switching conditions, these losses can be significant, especially at light load and very high switching frequency. [...] Read more.
Switching losses of power transistors usually are the most relevant energy losses in high-frequency power converters. Soft-switching techniques allow a reduction of these losses, but even under soft-switching conditions, these losses can be significant, especially at light load and very high switching frequency. In this paper, hysteresis and energy losses are shown during the charge and discharge of the output capacitance (COSS) of commercial high voltage Superjunction MOSFETs. Moreover, a simple methodology to include information about these two phenomena in datasheets using a commercial system is suggested to manufacturers. Simulation models including COSS hysteresis and a figure of merit considering these intrinsic energy losses are also proposed. Simulation and experimental measurements using an LLC resonant converter have been performed to validate the proposed mechanism and the usefulness of the proposed simulation models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Control of Power Converters 2020)
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