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Selected Papers from ECOS 2015—the 28th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2016) | Viewed by 24436

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jean-Pierre Bédécarrats

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Thermal, Energy and Processes, Pau University, Rue Jules Ferry, BP 7511, 64 075 PAU Cedex, France
Interests: Engineering Physics; Energy Conservation; Energy Storage; Phase Change Materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing number of environmental restrictions as well as the growing problems of the availability of energy resources urge the energetic sector not only to develop its technologies but to use them more rationally.

The ECOS conferences have a long tradition in fostering the key aspects and the scientific knowledge that are essential to take into account the evolution of all the aspects of energy and their impacts.

The 28th ECOS conference was held on 30 June–3 July 2015 in Pau, France. As in the previous years, distinguished presenters have participated in ECOS2015. The topics are as follows:

  • Fundamental & applied thermodynamics

  • Heat & mass transfer, fluid dynamics

  • Exergy analysis & Second Law analysis

  • Exergy and Raw Materials

  • Process integration, simulation & optimization of energy systems

  • Thermoeconomic analysis & optimization

  • Biomass / biofuels, biorefinery concepts, waste-to-energy

  • Nonbiomass renewable energy: solar, wind, water, others & hydropower

  • Fossil energy: coal, oil, natural gas

  • Chemical reactions & reaction engineering

  • Engines, furnaces & boilers, combustion/gasification

  • Cogeneration and waste energy recovery

  • Energy conversion, storage and transport

  • Buildings, urban & distributed energy systems

  • Refrigeration & air conditioning, Heat pumps

  • Fuel cells

  • System operation, control, diagnostics & prognosis

  • Carbon dioxide capture, utilization & storage

  • Energy & water interactions, use of water resources

  • Industrial production, sustainability & use of resources

  • Energy policy & planning

  • Energy systems: social, environmental & sustainability issues

  • Life Cycle Assessment, industrial ecology, environmental impact of energy systems

  • Sustainability analysis of energy systems and components

Thank you very much!

Prof. Dr. Jean-Pierre Bédécarrats
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11952 KiB  
Article
Experimental Attempts to Investigate the Influence of Petrographic Properties on Drying Characteristics of Lignite in Superheated Steam Atmosphere
by Anna Sciazko, Yosuke Komatsu, Marcin Zakrzewski, Taro Akiyama, Akira Hashimoto, Naoki Shikazono, Shozo Kaneko, Shinji Kimijima, Janusz S. Szmyd and Yoshinori Kobayashi
Energies 2016, 9(5), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/en9050371 - 16 May 2016
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5300
Abstract
A superheated steam fluidized bed dryer (SSFBD) in a self-heat recuperative configuration has a great potential of improving thermal efficiency of a lignite-fired power plant by recovering both of latent heat of vaporization of water kept in the fuel and part of sensible [...] Read more.
A superheated steam fluidized bed dryer (SSFBD) in a self-heat recuperative configuration has a great potential of improving thermal efficiency of a lignite-fired power plant by recovering both of latent heat of vaporization of water kept in the fuel and part of sensible heat during the fuel processing. However, the optimal design of the dryer requires the fundamental knowledge of drying characteristics in respect to the individual properties of the utilized fuel. Experimental investigation to determine the correlation between a specific coal properties originated from geological background and its drying characteristics is thus the major concern in this paper. The investigated lignite is a representative of Turoszow deposit in Poland. Experimental attempts unveiling drying kinetics were carried out for 5 mm and 10 mm diameter spherical samples in the superheated steam atmosphere in the temperature range of 110 °C–170 °C. Simultaneous and continuous measurements of changes in weight, surface and interior temperatures and appearance on each tested sample were carried out for describing drying behavior. Analytical investigation was applied to explain the drying characteristics, which are strongly affected by the individual properties of coal and the inherent ash composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from ECOS 2015—the 28th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems)
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1538 KiB  
Article
The Misselhorn Cycle: Batch-Evaporation Process for Efficient Low-Temperature Waste Heat Recovery
by Moritz Gleinser and Christoph Wieland
Energies 2016, 9(5), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/en9050337 - 5 May 2016
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7407
Abstract
The concept of the Misselhorn cycle is introduced as a power cycle that aims for efficient waste heat recovery of temperature sources below 100 °C. The basic idea shows advantages over a standard Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) in overall efficiency and utilization of [...] Read more.
The concept of the Misselhorn cycle is introduced as a power cycle that aims for efficient waste heat recovery of temperature sources below 100 °C. The basic idea shows advantages over a standard Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) in overall efficiency and utilization of the heat source. The main characteristic of this cycle is the use of at least three parallel batch evaporators instead of continuous heat exchangers. The operational phases of the evaporators are shifted so that there is always one vaporizer in discharge mode. A transient MATLAB® model (The MathWorks: Natick, MA, USA) is used to simulate the achievable performance of the Misselhorn cycle. The calculations of the thermodynamic states of the system are based on the heat flux, the equations for energy conservation and the equations of state found in the NIST Standard Reference Database 23 (Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties - REFPROP, National Institute of Standards and Technology: Gaithersburg, MD, USA). In the isochoric batch evaporation, the pressure and the corresponding boiling temperature rise over time. With a gradually increasing boiling temperature, no pinch point limitation occurs. Furthermore, the heat source medium is passed through the evaporators in serial order to obtain a quasi-counter flow setup. It could be shown that these features offer the possibility to gain both high thermal efficiencies and an enhanced utilization of the heat source at the same time. A basic model with a fixed estimated heat transfer coefficient promises a possible system exergy efficiency of 44.4%, which is an increase of over 60% compared to a basic ORC with a system exergy efficiency of only 26.8%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from ECOS 2015—the 28th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems)
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7956 KiB  
Article
Integrated SNG Production in a Typical Nordic Sawmill
by Sennai Mesfun, Jan-Olof Anderson, Kentaro Umeki and Andrea Toffolo
Energies 2016, 9(5), 333; https://doi.org/10.3390/en9050333 - 30 Apr 2016
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 5741
Abstract
Advanced biomass-based motor fuels and chemicals are becoming increasingly important to replace fossil energy sources within the coming decades. It is likely that the new biorefineries will evolve mainly from existing forest industry sites, as they already have the required biomass handling infrastructure [...] Read more.
Advanced biomass-based motor fuels and chemicals are becoming increasingly important to replace fossil energy sources within the coming decades. It is likely that the new biorefineries will evolve mainly from existing forest industry sites, as they already have the required biomass handling infrastructure in place. The main objective of this work is to assess the potential for increasing the profit margin from sawmill byproducts by integrating innovative downstream processes. The focus is on the techno-economic evaluation of an integrated site for biomass-based synthetic natural gas (bio-SNG) production. The option of using the syngas in a biomass-integrated gasification combined cycle (b-IGCC) for the production of electricity (instead of SNG) is also considered for comparison. The process flowsheets that are used to analyze the energy and material balances are modelled in MATLAB and Simulink. A mathematical process integration model of a typical Nordic sawmill is used to analyze the effects on the energy flows in the overall site, as well as to evaluate the site economics. Different plant sizes have been considered in order to assess the economy-of-scale effect. The technical data required as input are collected from the literature and, in some cases, from experiments. The investment cost is evaluated on the basis of conducted studies, third party supplier budget quotations and in-house database information. This paper presents complete material and energy balances of the considered processes and the resulting process economics. Results show that in order for the integrated SNG production to be favored, depending on the sawmill size, a biofuel subsidy in the order of 28–52 €/MWh SNG is required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from ECOS 2015—the 28th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems)
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2610 KiB  
Article
Exergy Flows inside a One Phase Ejector for Refrigeration Systems
by Mohammed Khennich, Mikhail Sorin and Nicolas Galanis
Energies 2016, 9(3), 212; https://doi.org/10.3390/en9030212 - 17 Mar 2016
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5280
Abstract
The evaluation of the thermodynamic performance of the mutual transformation of different kinds of exergy linked to the intensive thermodynamic parameters of the flow inside the ejector of a refrigeration system is undertaken. Two thermodynamic metrics, exergy produced and exergy consumed, are introduced [...] Read more.
The evaluation of the thermodynamic performance of the mutual transformation of different kinds of exergy linked to the intensive thermodynamic parameters of the flow inside the ejector of a refrigeration system is undertaken. Two thermodynamic metrics, exergy produced and exergy consumed, are introduced to assess these transformations. Their calculation is based on the evaluation of the transiting exergy within different ejector sections taking into account the temperature, pressure and velocity variations. The analysis based on these metrics has allowed pinpointing the most important factors affecting the ejector’s performance. A new result, namely the temperature rise in the sub-environmental region of the mixing section is detected as an important factor responsible for the ejector’s thermodynamic irreversibility. The overall exergy efficiency of the ejector as well as the efficiencies of its sections are evaluated based on the proposed thermodynamic metrics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from ECOS 2015—the 28th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems)
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