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Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J1: Heat and Mass Transfer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2023) | Viewed by 13427

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wasfi A. Shatanawi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11942, Saudi Arabia
Interests: applied mathematics; thermal engineering; heat transfer; fixed point theory; CFD
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Khalil Ur Rehman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11942, Saudi Arabia
Interests: applied mathematics; heat tansfer; numerical methods; fluid flows

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the field of fluid mechanics in which numerical approaches are used to study fluid flows in various configurations. Using CFD it is possible to explore complex problems linking fluid-gas, fluid-solid and fluid-fluid interactions. In most cases, the fluid flows are described mathematically by partial differential equations. CFD analyses are of great importance in the description of flow fields. For example, the areas of engineering where CFD evaluations are commonly used are hydrodynamics and aerodynamics, where quantities such as primitive variables such as pressure, velocity, temperature are obtained, drag and lift are derived. Weather modeling, the analysis of aerospace and aerodynamics, biological engineering, analysis of combustion, aspects of heat transfer, and environmental engineering, to name only a few, use of CFD is considered important. Particularly, modeling heat transfer via conduction, convection, and radiation remains a challenging task for researchers to examine thermal energy transport. In this regard, CFD analyses have the tremendous time saving ability in the design thermal processes and are therefore easier, quicker, and cheaper than traditional data acquisition assessments. Only a small number of quantities can be obtained at one time in real-life experiments, while all desired quantities can be rapidly calculated in a CFD analysis, often with high space and time resolution. This Special Issue invites researchers to come forward with their new original manuscripts based upon numerical modeling of heat transfer in various configurations having engineering standpoints.

Prof. Dr. Wasfi A. Shatanawi
Dr. Khalil Ur Rehman
Guest Editors

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Keywords

conduction/convection/radiation
force convection/natural convection/mixed convection
condensation/melting/boiling
heat generation/absorption and joule heating
heat transfer in newtonian fluids
heat transfer in non-newtonian fluids
thermal energy management
conjugate heat transfer
thermal energy storage

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3354 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Finite Element Study of Electrical MHD Williamson Nanofluid Flow under the Effects of Frictional Heating in the View of Viscous Dissipation

by Muhammad Shoaib Arif, Wasfi Shatanawi and Yasir Nawaz

Energies 2023, 16(6), 2778; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062778 - 16 Mar 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1384

Abstract

This study addresses heat and mass transfer of electrical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Williamson fluid flow over the moving sheet. The mathematical model for the considered flow phenomenon is expressed in a set of partial differential equations. Later, linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained. The finite element method tackles a reduced system of ODEs with boundary conditions. Galerkin weighted residuals and constructs of weak formulations constitute the basis of this method. An iterative procedure is considered for handling nonlinear terms in a given system of ODEs. Some results acquired using the finite element method are compared with those reported in previous research via the Matlab solver bvp4c in order to validate the obtained solutions of ODEs. It is seen that the velocity profile is decayed by enhancing the Wiesenberg number. The finite element method also converges to an accurate solution by increasing the number of elements, whereas Matlab solver bvp4c produces accurate results on small grid points. Our intention is for this paper to serve as a guide for academics in the future who will be tasked with addressing pressing issues in the field of industrial and engineering enclosures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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14 pages, 4382 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on Influential Mechanism of Trailing Edge Sweep Angle on Aerodynamic Noise of a Centrifugal Air Compressor

by Shizhong Sun, Yiwei Feng, Ziwen Xing, Minglong Zhou, Wenqing Chen, Chuang Wang and Hanyang Cui

Energies 2022, 15(19), 7410; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15197410 - 9 Oct 2022

Viewed by 1613

Abstract

As the main noise source in the hydrogen fuel cell system, the noise level of the centrifugal air compressor greatly affects the comfort of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, and can be effectively reduced by optimizing the trailing edge sweep angle of the blade. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics model was used to study the influence of the trailing edge sweep angle on the aerodynamic performance and flow characteristics of a centrifugal air compressor for vehicle fuel cells. The Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation and the computational fluid dynamics–boundary element coupling method were adopted to calculate the dipole source strength on the surface of the blade and the radiated aerodynamic noise, respectively, under the different trailing edge sweep angles. The results showed that the trailing edge sweep could lead to an increase in pressure ratio as well as isentropic efficiency, and a decrease in the intensity of flow separation. Meanwhile, the sound pressure level of the compressor under each working condition could be effectively reduced by the trailing edge sweep. When the rotation speed was 80,000 r·min⁻¹ and the blade trailing edge sweep angle was 15°, the sound pressure level of the radiated aerodynamic noise was 5.8 dBA lower than that without sweep. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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23 pages, 5133 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Lagrangian Description of Buoyancy Effects on Aircraft Wake Vortices from Wing Tips near a Heated Ground Plane

by Paulo Guimarães de Moraes, Marcos André de Oliveira, Alex Mendonça Bimbato and Luiz Antonio Alcântara Pereira

Energies 2022, 15(19), 6995; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15196995 - 23 Sep 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1907

Abstract

The present paper introduces the key ideas of a purely Lagrangian temperature particle method, which includes preheating effects on fluid flow nearest a heated wall. The numerical approach is then applied for the study of mixed heat transfer on aircraft wake vortices from wing tips in the vicinity of a heated ground plane, a situation commonly found during landing or takeoff operations at airports around the world. It was found in the literature experimental results of an investigation without the effects of heat transfer and crosswind, which were useful for a comparison with some present numerical results. Other numerical results are also discussed, focusing on the physics of the effects of mixed convection heat transfer and crosswind. As a contribution, the Richardson number is defined in terms of both aircraft wingspan and constant ground plane temperature, being the most important dimensionless group to capture the effects of laminar ascending mixed convection flow. The present methodology presents potentialities for predicting the transport and decay of primary vortical structures (under buoyancy forces), including their interaction with secondary vortical structures generated from a ground plane. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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24 pages, 5924 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Three-Dimensional CFD Modeling on the Thermal Characteristics of Buried Oil Pipeline Involving the Heat Transfer of Wax Layer

by Hanyu Xie, Changjun Li, Wenlong Jia and Caigong Zhang

Energies 2022, 15(16), 6022; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15166022 - 19 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1767

Abstract

It is common to have a wax layer on the inner wall of waxy crude oil pipeline. However, the study of the wax layer on the heat transfer of buried pipeline systems is inadequate due to its instability of composition and properties; it may lead to the inaccurate prediction of the pipeline temperature field. Based on the finite element simulation technology, a three-dimensional heat transfer model of buried crude oil pipeline involving wax layer was proposed and solved. The thermal effect of the wax layer on pipeline system was analyzed quantitatively. Numerical results show that the average deviation of soil temperature near the pipeline reach 1.42 K when there is a 4 mm wax layer. Among different thermal conductivity models of heterogeneous materials, the EMT model plays best in predicting the conductivity of a waxy layer. By setting different working conditions, the influence mechanisms of several thermal influencing factors are discussed. The results show that the thermal influence range of heated pipe is positively associated with oil temperature and velocity. The core thermal response zone is about 12 m along the X-axis. Beyond 8 m depth from ground surface, the temperature fluctuation of soil is almost unaffected by the oil pipeline. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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22 pages, 4526 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A New Explicit Numerical Schemes for Time-Dependent PDEs with Application to Pressure Driven Fluid Flow in a Rectangular Duct

by Yasir Nawaz, Muhammad Shoaib Arif, Wasfi Shatanawi and Mairaj Bibi

Energies 2022, 15(14), 5145; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145145 - 15 Jul 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1634

Abstract

A modified class of temporal discretization schemes for partial differential equations (PDEs) is proposed, explicit and second to fifth-order accurate in time. In time, the stability region of the proposed modified second-order scheme is larger than the standard second-order Adams–Bashforth method constructed on two time levels. A modification made for the Du Fort–Frankel method was also implemented in the proposed second-order scheme, which permits the little larger stability region, but the scheme becomes first-order accurate. Since the Du Fort–Frankel method cannot be employed without a modification of averaging in time levels, the proposed second-order scheme can be used without any modification. The proposed modified scheme with different orders in space and second orders in time was implemented for heat and mass transfer of chemically reactive fluid flow in a rectangular duct. The flow is generated due to applying different pressure gradients. The contour plots of velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are portrayed at different pressure gradients; Péclet number in heat transfer, Péclet number in mass transfer, reaction parameter, and at different times. In addition, stability and convergence conditions for the considered system of linear and non-linear PDEs consisting of non-dimensional momentum, energy, and concentration equations were found for two cases. The displayed graphs depict the transfer of heat in the fluid, which rises due to heated boundaries, and the transfer of mass in the fluid at various moments. Classical models can be solved using the proposed method, which has a faster convergence rate than the standard or classical approach. This approach is illustrated through computer simulations that demonstrate its key computational features. It is believed that the data presented in this study will serve as a useful source for future fluid flow investigations to be conducted in an industrial setting within an enclosed area. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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20 pages, 4792 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Heat and Mass Transfer of Micropolar-Casson Nanofluid over Vertical Variable Stretching Riga Sheet

by Nadeem Abbas and Wasfi Shatanawi

Energies 2022, 15(14), 4945; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15144945 - 6 Jul 2022

Cited by 68 | Viewed by 2286

Abstract

In this analysis, we considered a comparative study of micropolar Casson nanofluid flow on a vertical nonlinear Riga stretching sheet. Effects of thermal and velocity slip are considered under thermophoresis and Brownian motions. Select nonlinear PDEs transformed into nonlinear coupled ODEs using the set of suitable transformations. The nonlinear coupled ODEs are solved through a numerical technique along with the Runge–Kutta 4th-order scheme. The impacts of pertinent flow parameters on skin friction, Nusselt number, temperature, and velocity distributions are depicted through tabular and graphical form. Brownian motion and the magnitude of the Sherwood number have opposite performances; likewise, the Nusselt number and Brownian motion also have opposite performances. The Sherwood number and Nusselt number succeeded with higher values. The increment of the Casson fluid parameter declined with fluid velocity, which shows that thickness is reduced due to the increment of the Casson fluid parameter. Fluid velocity distribution curves show increasing behavior due to increments of the micropolar parameter. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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19 pages, 3364 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Modified Heat Flux Modeling in Nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ and Aggregation Nanoparticle) Based Fluid between Two Rotating Disks

by Hussan Zeb, Hafiz Abdul Wahab, Umar Khan, Mohamed Ehab and Muhammad Yousaf Malik

Energies 2022, 15(11), 4088; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15114088 - 2 Jun 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1617

Abstract

In this article, Cattaneo Christov heat transfer analysis in nanofluid (Ferro Fe₃O₄ and Aggregation) flow between two parallel rotating disks with different velocities determined. The relaxation time, velocity slip, heat convective boundary condition, and heat generation are also presented. The governing partial differential equation (PDEs) model is converted into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) system by similarity variables. The solution is computed of the resulting ODEs system by using the Runge Kutta (Rk) method. Here a decline is noticed in the tangential velocity for nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ and Aggregation nanoparticle) for higher values of the porosity parameter (λ₁), slip parameter γ₁, magnetic parameter (M) and Reynolds number (

R e_{r}

), while tangential velocity arises for higher values of rotation parameters (ß₁). This reduces the temperature field for nanoparticles by higher values of Eckert number (Ec), Prandtl number (Pr), Reynolds number (

R e_{r}

), porosity parameter (λ₁), while increases for arising the values of thermal relaxation parameter

λ_{2}

, and for both Biot numbers (

B_{1}

B_{2}

) nanoparticles (Fe

_{3}

_{4}

and Aggregation nanoparticle). Further we compute the characteristics of physical quantities, namely skin friction and Nusselt number are presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Heat Transfer in Computational Fluid Dynamics)

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