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Antioxidant and Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects of Food Extract and Development...
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Antioxidant and Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects of Food Extract and Development of Functional Food

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 9952

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pornsiri Pitchakarn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Interests: functional ingredients in food and food supplement; metabolic diseases; aging; cancer; inflammation; antioxidant; obesity; bioactive compounds; food and its component toxicity and safety; phytochemicals
Dr. Piya Temviriyanukul

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
Interests: bioactive compounds; biological activities of plant extracts; inflammation; neurobiology; novel food; phytochemicals; toxicity testing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The relationship between food and health is currently a cause for concern. It has been noticed that the food supplement industry is growing dramatically due to the global demand for health products. Bioactive components with health-promoting properties derived from foods or plants are of great interest, presumably due to their safety and accessibility. To broaden our understanding of these concerns, this Special Issue aims to compile the most recent findings or reviews from experts on the advancement of food and plant extraction to achieve a high yield of bioactive compounds, and the roles of food and plant components (in vitro or in vivo) against a broad range of conditions, covering their antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-aging and anti-metabolic properties, etc. These adverse health conditions are the leading causes of human mortality. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that food- and plant-derived substances interact synergistically with a variety of clinically employed drugs. Thus, studies on the synergistic effects of food or plant components are also appreciated.

Dr. Pornsiri Pitchakarn
Dr. Piya Temviriyanukul
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional food ingredients
  • food bioactive compounds
  • biologically active phytochemicals
  • antioxidant
  • inflammation
  • metabolic diseases
  • aging
  • cancer
  • obesity
  • neurodegenerative diseases

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 4618 KiB  
Article
Extracts of Dunkelfelder Grape Seeds and Peel Increase the Metabolic Rate and Reduce Fat Deposition in Mice Maintained on a High-Fat Diet
by Chenlu Yang, Xuelin Tian, Yulei Han, Xueqing Shi, Hua Wang and Hua Li
Foods 2023, 12(17), 3251; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12173251 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1638
Abstract
Chronic high-fat diet intake may induce obesity and increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. The pomace of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is rich in polyphenols, which are candidates for anti-obesity therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Dunkelfelder grape [...] Read more.
Chronic high-fat diet intake may induce obesity and increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. The pomace of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is rich in polyphenols, which are candidates for anti-obesity therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Dunkelfelder grape seed extract (GSE) and grape peel extract (GPE) on lipid and energy metabolism disorders in mice maintained on a high-fat diet (HFD). Male nine-week C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of four groups, namely, the normal chow diet (ND), HFD, HFD plus GSE (400 mg/kg BW) administered by oral gavage, or HFD plus GPE (400 mg/kg BW) administered by oral gavage. There were eight mice per group, and the experiment was 14 weeks in duration. The results showed that GSE and GPE treatments did not affect energy intake in mice on a high-fat diet, but body weight gain was 24.5% and 17.3% lower in the GSE- and GPE-treated mice than in the HFD group, respectively. They also decreased blood triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and fasting blood glucose levels and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In addition, GSE and GPE reduced adipose tissue weight and excessive lipid droplet accumulation in the adipocytes. The metabolic chamber test showed that the GSE and GPE treatments enhanced oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and heat release while decreasing the respiratory exchange rate (RER). This suggests that GSE and GPE augmented fuel oxidation and energy generation and increased the proportion of lipids being utilized in energy metabolism. GSE and GPE also upregulated the genes controlling lipolysis and downregulated those controlling lipogenesis in adipose tissues. Moreover, they significantly increased the expression levels of the genes regulating thermogenesis in BAT, eWAT, and iWAT, and mitochondrial biogenesis in all three types of adipose tissue. In conclusion, the present study empirically demonstrated that GSE and GPE enhance body fat utilization by augmenting lipid and energy metabolism and could, therefore, ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant and Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects of Food Extract and Development of Functional Food)
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20 pages, 6157 KiB  
Article
Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acid Containing Green Coffee Bean Extract on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses and Progression of Colon Cancer Cell Line
by Atita Panyathep, Khanittha Punturee and Teera Chewonarin
Foods 2023, 12(14), 2648; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12142648 - 9 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1860
Abstract
An inflammatory response, related to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, is a major subsequent result of bacterial infection following CRC surgery and should be of serious concern. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from the bacterial membrane, is a vital mediator of this event through binding with a [...] Read more.
An inflammatory response, related to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, is a major subsequent result of bacterial infection following CRC surgery and should be of serious concern. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from the bacterial membrane, is a vital mediator of this event through binding with a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and activating through NF-κB in CRC. To identify a novel inhibitor of LPS-induced colon cancer cells (SW480), green coffee bean extract (GBE) was investigated. Ethyl acetate insoluble fraction (EIF) was mainly collected from GBE and classified as chlorogenic acid (CGA)-rich fractions. EIF and CGA inhibited TLR4 expression in LPS-induced SW480 cells. However, EIF was more dominant than CGA, via inhibition of expression and secretion of several associated mediators in inflammatory responses and CRC metastasis through NF-κB inactivation, which resulted in the abrogation of CRC migration and invasion. Thus, CGA-rich fraction from GBE can be further developed as an alternative treatment, coupled with CRC surgical treatment, to increase therapeutic efficiency and survival rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant and Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects of Food Extract and Development of Functional Food)
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18 pages, 1857 KiB  
Article
Phytosome Supplements for Delivering Gymnema inodorum Phytonutrients to Prevent Inflammation in Macrophages and Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes
by Onanong Nuchuchua, Ratchanon Inpan, Wanwisa Srinuanchai, Jirarat Karinchai, Pornsiri Pitchakarn, Ariyaphong Wongnoppavich and Arisa Imsumran
Foods 2023, 12(11), 2257; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12112257 - 3 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2723
Abstract
Gymnema inodorum (GI) is a leafy green vegetable found in the northern region of Thailand. A GI leaf extract has been developed as a dietary supplement for metabolic diabetic control. However, the active compounds in the GI leaf extract are relatively nonpolar. This [...] Read more.
Gymnema inodorum (GI) is a leafy green vegetable found in the northern region of Thailand. A GI leaf extract has been developed as a dietary supplement for metabolic diabetic control. However, the active compounds in the GI leaf extract are relatively nonpolar. This study aimed to develop phytosome formulations of the GI extract to improve the efficiencies of their phytonutrients in terms of anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin-resistant activities in macrophages and adipocytes, respectively. Our results showed that the phytosomes assisted the GI extract’s dispersion in an aqueous solution. The GI phytocompounds were assembled into a phospholipid bilayer membrane as spherical nanoparticles about 160–180 nm in diameter. The structure of the phytosomes allowed phenolic acids, flavonoids and triterpene derivatives to be embedded in the phospholipid membrane. The existence of GI phytochemicals in phytosomes significantly changed the particle’s surface charge from neutral to negative within the range of −35 mV to −45 mV. The phytosome delivery system significantly exhibited the anti-inflammatory activity of the GI extract, indicated by the lower production of nitric oxide from inflamed macrophages compared to the non-encapsulated extract. However, the phospholipid component of phytosomes slightly interfered with the anti-insulin-resistant effects of the GI extract by decreasing the glucose uptake activity and increasing the lipid degradation of adipocytes. Altogether, the nano-phytosome is a potent carrier for transporting GI phytochemicals to prevent an early stage of T2DM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant and Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects of Food Extract and Development of Functional Food)
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17 pages, 3041 KiB  
Article
The Extract of Perilla frutescens Seed Residue Attenuated the Progression of Aberrant Crypt Foci in Rat Colon by Reducing Inflammatory Processes and Altered Gut Microbiota
by Weerachai Chantana, Rentong Hu, Songphon Buddhasiri, Parameth Thiennimitr, Payungsak Tantipaiboonwong and Teera Chewonarin
Foods 2023, 12(5), 988; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12050988 - 26 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2844
Abstract
Perilla frutescens (PF) seed residue is a waste from perilla oil production that still contains nutrients and phytochemicals. This study aimed to investigate the chemoprotective action of PF seed residue crude ethanolic extract (PCE) on the inflammatory-induced promotion stage of rat colon carcinogenesis [...] Read more.
Perilla frutescens (PF) seed residue is a waste from perilla oil production that still contains nutrients and phytochemicals. This study aimed to investigate the chemoprotective action of PF seed residue crude ethanolic extract (PCE) on the inflammatory-induced promotion stage of rat colon carcinogenesis and cell culture models. PCE 0.1 and 1 g/kg body weight were administered by oral gavage to rats after receiving dimethylhydrazine (DMH) with one week of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) supplementation. PCE at high dose exhibited a reduction in aberrant crypt foci (ACF) number (66.46%) and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the DMH + DSS group (p < 0.01). Additionally, PCE could either modulate the inflammation induced in murine macrophage cells by bacterial toxins or suppress the proliferation of cancer cell lines, which was induced by the inflammatory process. These results demonstrate that the active components in PF seed residue showed a preventive effect on the aberrant colonic epithelial cell progression by modulating inflammatory microenvironments from the infiltrated macrophage or inflammatory response of aberrant cells. Moreover, consumption of PCE could alter rat microbiota, which might be related to health benefits. However, the mechanisms of PCE on the microbiota, which are related to inflammation and inflammatory-induced colon cancer progression, need to be further investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidant and Anti-metabolic Disorder Effects of Food Extract and Development of Functional Food)
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