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Future Internet
Special Issues
Network Cost Reduction in Cloud/Fog Computing Environments
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Network Cost Reduction in Cloud/Fog Computing Environments

A special issue of Future Internet (ISSN 1999-5903). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2020) | Viewed by 30856

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Konstantinos Oikonomou

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Guest Editor
Department of Informatics, Faculty of Information Science and Informatics, Ionian University, 49100 Corfu, Greece
Interests: medium access control in ad hoc networks; performance issues in wireless networks; information dissemination; service discovery; facility location; energy consumption and recharging in wireless sensor networks; network cost reduction in cloud computing environments; routing in wireless sensor networks; MAC for vehicular networks; synchronization issues in distributed systems; cloud gaming; smart agriculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Georgios Tsoumanis

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Guest Editor
Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, Faculty of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, PC 45110 Arta, Greece
Interests: energy consumption optimization in wireless sensor networks; facility location; sink location and recharging policies in wireless sensor networks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cloud computing has attracted significant research attention in recent years, as a result of delivering alternative and more affordable access to high computational power and large storage. The latter is achieved by providing the users with computer system resources (e.g., computational power and data storage) in an on-demand fashion, through data centers available over the Internet.

Several applications based on current technologies, such as Internet of things, smart cities, and smart homes, in addition to other emerging applications, such as those enabled by 5G technology, can create massive amounts of data, and at the same time, can require large computational power. To tackle these limitations, developers of applications deriving from such technologies have enabled them with the ability to take advantage of cloud computing; thus, moving the high-resources requirements problem away from the users’ personal computers, towards data centers. While cloud computing has successfully countered the above limitations, the increasing number of Internet of things devices and the low-latency applications demands for big data volumes in real time have tested the cloud computing computational and storage performance. As a result, fog computing emerged as part of cloud computing in order to cope with the new demands, making use of edge devices that carry out an amount of the resources’ requirements.

On the other hand, moving the processing and storing demands to online data centers and edge devices, new challenges have emerged regarding the network requirements of cloud and fog computing environments. Regardless of the service model of a cloud computing environment (e.g., infrastructure as a service (IaaS) and platform as a service (PaaS), etc.), there is a common goal of every cloud-computing provider, namely: network cost reduction. Network cost, in this Special Issue is assumed to derive from the following: (i) network metrics (e.g., network latency), (ii) information and communications technology (ICT) resources (e.g., power consumption), and (iii) cloud/fog computing cost in terms of financial costs.

This Special Issue invites original research papers on new algorithms, protocols, architectures, technologies, and solutions for the Special Issue, “Network Cost Reduction in Cloud Computing and Fog Computing Environments”. Relevant topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Fog/cloud computing architectures
  • Resource monitoring
  • Energy efficiency
  • Cloud services models and frameworks
  • Cloudlet-enabled applications
  • Business models and pricing policies
  • Performance and QoS
  • Dynamic resource provisioning
  • Load balancing
  • Performance modeling
  • Performance prediction
  • Workload forecasting
  • Analytic models
  • Simulation tools
  • Managing applications in the clouds

Dr. Konstantinos Oikonomou
Dr. Georgios Tsoumanis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Future Internet is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cloud/fog computing
  • network costs
  • fog computing
  • modeling
  • simulation, energy efficiency
  • load balancing
  • performance
  • analytics

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 395 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Simulation Tools for Fog Computing—A Comprehensive Survey from a Cost Perspective
by Spiridoula V. Margariti, Vassilios V. Dimakopoulos and Georgios Tsoumanis
Future Internet 2020, 12(5), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12050089 - 16 May 2020
Cited by 46 | Viewed by 10654
Abstract
Fog computing is an emerging and evolving technology, which bridges the cloud with the network edges, allowing computing to work in a decentralized manner. As such, it introduces a number of complex issues to the research community and the industry alike. Both of [...] Read more.
Fog computing is an emerging and evolving technology, which bridges the cloud with the network edges, allowing computing to work in a decentralized manner. As such, it introduces a number of complex issues to the research community and the industry alike. Both of them have to deal with many open challenges including architecture standardization, resource management and placement, service management, Quality of Service (QoS), communication, participation, to name a few. In this work, we provide a comprehensive literature review along two axes—modeling with an emphasis in the proposed fog computing architectures and simulation which investigates the simulation tools which can be used to develop and evaluate novel fog-related ideas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Network Cost Reduction in Cloud/Fog Computing Environments)
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13 pages, 2592 KiB  
Article
Implementation of a Topology Independent MAC (TiMAC) Policy on a Low-Cost IoT System
by Georgios Tsoumanis, Asterios Papamichail, Vasileios Dragonas, George Koufoudakis, Constantinos T. Angelis and Konstantinos Oikonomou
Future Internet 2020, 12(5), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12050086 - 11 May 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3832
Abstract
The emerging new paradigm under the fifth generation of wireless communications technologies (5G) and high expectations for massively expanding today’s Internet of Things (IoT) under 5G, are expected to support a large plurality of low-cost devices for an all-increasing number of new IoT [...] Read more.
The emerging new paradigm under the fifth generation of wireless communications technologies (5G) and high expectations for massively expanding today’s Internet of Things (IoT) under 5G, are expected to support a large plurality of low-cost devices for an all-increasing number of new IoT applications. Many emerging IoT applications are going to take advantage of techniques and technologies that have high demands from low-cost devices in terms of processing large amounts of data and communication. For example, in systems based on fog computing technology, low-cost devices have to assign some of their limited resources for processing purposes. Considering the drawbacks emerging from using low-cost devices and the fact that many applications are in need for time-constrained approaches, TDMA-based Medium Access Control (MAC) policies need to be revisited and implemented in low-cost devices of today. In this sense, a policy independent of the underlying topology, TiMAC policy, is considered here and is implemented in low-cost devices using 433 MHz RF modules. Even though the implementation is limited by synchronization issues and a small number of nodes, the obtained experimental results demonstrate the potential for employing TDMA-based MAC policies on IoT systems consisting of low-cost devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Network Cost Reduction in Cloud/Fog Computing Environments)
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21 pages, 6841 KiB  
Article
A Scalable and Semantic Data as a Service Marketplace for Enhancing Cloud-Based Applications
by Evangelos Psomakelis, Anastasios Nikolakopoulos, Achilleas Marinakis, Alexandros Psychas, Vrettos Moulos, Theodora Varvarigou and Andreas Christou
Future Internet 2020, 12(5), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12050077 - 25 Apr 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 10021
Abstract
Data handling and provisioning play a dominant role in the structure of modern cloud–fog-based architectures. Without a strict, fast, and deterministic method of exchanging data we cannot be sure about the performance and efficiency of transactions and applications. In the present work we [...] Read more.
Data handling and provisioning play a dominant role in the structure of modern cloud–fog-based architectures. Without a strict, fast, and deterministic method of exchanging data we cannot be sure about the performance and efficiency of transactions and applications. In the present work we propose an architecture for a Data as a Service (DaaS) Marketplace, hosted exclusively in a cloud environment. The architecture includes a storage management engine that ensures the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, a monitoring component that enables real time decisions about the resources used, and a resolution engine that provides semantic data discovery and ranking based on user queries. We show that the proposed system outperforms the classic ElasticSearch queries in data discovery use cases, providing more accurate results. Furthermore, the semantic enhancement of the process adds extra results which extend the user query with a more abstract definition to each notion. Finally, we show that the real-time scaling, provided by the data storage manager component, limits QoS requirements by decreasing the latency of the read and write data requests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Network Cost Reduction in Cloud/Fog Computing Environments)
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Review

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25 pages, 283 KiB  
Review
Simulating Resource Management across the Cloud-to-Thing Continuum: A Survey and Future Directions
by Malika Bendechache, Sergej Svorobej, Patricia Takako Endo and Theo Lynn
Future Internet 2020, 12(6), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi12060095 - 29 May 2020
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 5667
Abstract
In recent years, there has been significant advancement in resource management mechanisms for cloud computing infrastructure performance in terms of cost, quality of service (QoS) and energy consumption. The emergence of the Internet of Things has led to the development of infrastructure that [...] Read more.
In recent years, there has been significant advancement in resource management mechanisms for cloud computing infrastructure performance in terms of cost, quality of service (QoS) and energy consumption. The emergence of the Internet of Things has led to the development of infrastructure that extends beyond centralised data centers from the cloud to the edge, the so-called cloud-to-thing continuum (C2T). This infrastructure is characterised by extreme heterogeneity, geographic distribution, and complexity, where the key performance indicators (KPIs) for the traditional model of cloud computing may no longer apply in the same way. Existing resource management mechanisms may not be suitable for such complex environments and therefore require thorough testing, validation and evaluation before even being considered for live system implementation. Similarly, previously discounted resource management proposals may be more relevant and worthy of revisiting. Simulation is a widely used technique in the development and evaluation of resource management mechanisms for cloud computing but is a relatively nascent research area for new C2T computing paradigms such as fog and edge computing. We present a methodical literature analysis of C2T resource management research using simulation software tools to assist researchers in identifying suitable methods, algorithms, and simulation approaches for future research. We analyse 35 research articles from a total collection of 317 journal articles published from January 2009 to March 2019. We present our descriptive and synthetic analysis from a variety of perspectives including resource management, C2T layer, and simulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Network Cost Reduction in Cloud/Fog Computing Environments)
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