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Geosciences
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Progress in Volcanic Geomorphology
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Progress in Volcanic Geomorphology

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 3896

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Franck Lavigne

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Physical Geography, Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University, 75231 Paris, France
Interests: volcanic geomorphology; hazards and disaster risk; lahars; tsunami; Indonesia and Pacific Islands
Prof. Dr. Christopher Gomez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Sediment Hazards and Disaster Risk, Graduate School of Maritme Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe 658-0022, Japan
Interests: volcanic geomorphology and slope erosion; hazards and disaster risks; lahars; Japan; Indonesia and New Zealand
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Exploited for their resources and hydrothermal energy, volcanoes regularly take away the lives and livelihoods of neighboring communities. During Plinian eruptions, they can influence climate and societies on regional and global scales. Understanding volcanic geomorphology and associated surface processes is therefore essential from both basic and applied science perspectives. This Issue therefore attempts to build a cornerstone, bringing together new research in basic science as well as the development of new tools and methods and their application in the field of volcanic landforms and surface processes. This Special Issue also welcomes contributions on geomorphological knowledge applied to disaster risk and resource management on volcanoes.

Prof. Dr. Franck Lavigne
Prof. Dr. Christopher Gomez
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 4520 KiB  
Article
Twenty-Five Years of Geomorphological Evolution in the Gokurakudani Gully (Unzen Volcano): Topography, Subsurface Geophysics and Sediment Analysis
by Christopher Gomez, Yoshinori Shinohara, Haruka Tsunetaka, Norifumi Hotta, Balazs Bradak and Yuichi Sakai
Geosciences 2021, 11(11), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11110457 - 6 Nov 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2938
Abstract
In the aftermath of pyroclastic density current-dominated eruptions, lahars are the main geomorphic agent, but at the decadal scale, different sets of processes take place in the volcanic sediment cascade. At Unzen volcano, in the Gokurakudani gully, we investigated the geomorphologic evolution and [...] Read more.
In the aftermath of pyroclastic density current-dominated eruptions, lahars are the main geomorphic agent, but at the decadal scale, different sets of processes take place in the volcanic sediment cascade. At Unzen volcano, in the Gokurakudani gully, we investigated the geomorphologic evolution and how the topographic change and the sediment change over time is controlling this transition. For this purpose, a combination of LiDAR data, aerial photography and photogrammetry, ground penetrating radar and sediment grain size analysis was done. The results show choking zones and zones of enlargement of the gully, partly controlled by pre-eruption topography, but also by the overlapping patterns of the pyroclastic flow deposits of 1990–1995. The ground penetrating radar revealed that on top of the typical lahar structure at the bottom of the gully, side wall collapses were trapping finer sandy sediments formed in a relatively low-energy deposition environment. This shows that secondary processes are taking place in the sediment transport process, on top of lahar activity, but also that these temporary dams may be a source of sudden sediment and water release, leading to lahars. Finally, the sediments from the gully walls are being preferentially oozed out of the pyroclastic flow deposit, meaning that over longer period of time, there may be a lack of fines, increasing permeability and reducing internal pore pressure needed for lahar triggering. It also poses the important question of how much of a past event one can understand from outcrops in coarse heterometric material, as the deposit structure can remain, even after losing part of its fine material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Volcanic Geomorphology)
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