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Geosciences
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Methods for Exploration of the Continental Crust
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Methods for Exploration of the Continental Crust

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Geophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2022) | Viewed by 5072

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Larry Douglas Brown

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
Interests: geophysics; seismology; ground penetrating radar; geotectonics
Prof. Dr. Alan G. Jones

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Complete MT Solutions Inc., 5345 McLean Crescent, Manotick, ON K4M 1E3, Canada
Interests: geophysics; magnetotellurics; lithosphere; physical properties; rock physics
Prof. Dr. Eric Sandvol

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Interests: solid earth geophysics; regional-scale seismology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the part of the Earth upon which most of us live, the continental lithosphere has understandably been, and remains, the focus of numerous geophysical and geological investigations. The continental lithosphere not only provides many of the natural resources that are essential to the health of our society but also hosts many of our most serious natural hazards. Our current view of this critical portion of the Earth is informed by many major exploration initiatives that, over the past several decades, were largely stimulated by technological advances across a diverse span of methodologies. Examples range from deep controlled source seismic (e.g., reflection/refraction) profiling to passive receiver functions derived from teleseismic sources, from tomography of local and teleseismic sources to surface wave tomography using ambient “noise”, and from deep magnetotelluric sounding to satellite gravity measurements, all informed by the latest geological and geochemical advances.

In this Special Issue, we seek contributions that assess the impact of these technologies on our current understanding of the structure of the continental lithosphere and that highlight the recent technological advances that promise new insight into the persistent questions about its evolution.

Prof. Dr. Larry Douglas Brown
Prof. Dr. Alan G. Jones
Prof. Dr. Eric Sandvol
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geosciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 13746 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Geological Structure of the Tramutola Area (Agri Valley): Inferences for the Presence of Geofluids at Shallow Crustal Levels
by Fabio Olita, Valeria Giampaolo, Enzo Rizzo, Giuseppe Palladino, Luigi Capozzoli, Gregory De Martino and Giacomo Prosser
Geosciences 2023, 13(3), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13030083 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2591
Abstract
The Tramutola area in the High Agri Valley represents a key for the Southern Apennines fold and thrust belt. There, natural oil seeps from small carbonate reservoirs located at shallow depths that have been historically known since the 19th century, and hypothermal water [...] Read more.
The Tramutola area in the High Agri Valley represents a key for the Southern Apennines fold and thrust belt. There, natural oil seeps from small carbonate reservoirs located at shallow depths that have been historically known since the 19th century, and hypothermal water was discovered during hydrocarbon exploration. From a geological point of view, the study area, extending for about 11 km2, is characterized with the presence of a complete section of the tectonic units of the southern Apennines and a complex structural framework that has not yet been fully clarified. In this work, geological analysis is based on new lithological and structural data, acquired during a detailed geological survey, compared with well logs obtained during exploration for hydrocarbons. Furthermore, a new geophysical investigation down to a 1 km depth (deep electrical resistivity tomography) allowed inference of buried structural and geological characteristics of the studied area. Through combining surface and subsurface data, some preliminary considerations about the structural setting and geofluid presence down to a 1 km depth have been made. Furthermore, geological–structural cross-sections have been constructed with the purpose of depicting the geometries of structures affecting the Apennine nappe pile in the subsurface, possibly favoring early uprising of hydrocarbons as well as circulation of hypothermal fluids and associated gases rising from deeper reservoirs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Methods for Exploration of the Continental Crust)
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19 pages, 10076 KiB  
Article
Two-Dimensional Attenuation and Velocity Tomography of Iran
by Thomas M. Hearn
Geosciences 2022, 12(11), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12110397 - 26 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1728
Abstract
Seismic bulletin data collected by the Iranian Seismological Center are used to image crust and mantle seismic attenuation, group velocity, and phase velocities for Lg, Pg, Sn, and Pn phases. This is possible because the peak amplitude time is picked, and amplitude measurements [...] Read more.
Seismic bulletin data collected by the Iranian Seismological Center are used to image crust and mantle seismic attenuation, group velocity, and phase velocities for Lg, Pg, Sn, and Pn phases. This is possible because the peak amplitude time is picked, and amplitude measurements can be associated with the phase based on travel time plots. The group velocity is the apparent velocity of the maximum amplitude arrival and represents the combined effect of phase velocity and seismic scattering. Thus, it can be used in combination with the attenuation to identify where scattering attenuation is dominant. The Arabian–Iranian plate boundary separates low-velocity Zagros sediments from central Iran; however, in the mantle, it separates a high-velocity Arabian shield from central Iran. Scattering attenuation is low within the Arabian mantle and crust, and the Zagros sediments do not cause Lg or Pg attenuation. The Eocene Urumieh Dokhtar Magmatic Arc has high attenuation within both the crust and mantle, and while there is no partial melting in the crust, there may be some in the mantle. The northern Eocene Sistan Suture Zone shows particularly high attenuation that is accompanied by high scattering. It represents an incompletely closed ocean basin that has undergone intense alteration. The Alborz Mountains have high attenuation with some scattering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Methods for Exploration of the Continental Crust)
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