Geophysical Risks: The Future of Observatories, The Observatories of the Future

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Geophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 2427

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Aversa, CE, Italy
Interests: reactivity of earth materials; geochemistry; volcanology; igneous petrology; hydrothermal systems; geothermics; silicate melt properties; degassing; volcanic hazard and risk

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Guest Editor
Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
Interests: Geohazards, such as volcanic eruptions, are an ever increasing problem for the growing global population

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the foundation of the first volcano observatories throughout the world, these institutions have integrated monitoring, surveillance, and research activities. Over time, observatories have evolved under pressures from continuously evolving societal demands, from national and local strategies for increasing societal resilience in the face of natural hazards, and from techniques for data acquisition, transmission, storage, and treatment.  Some observatories are in very remote locations, engaged in time-consuming activities which are often conducted in unfavourable contexts, such that it is not possible to prioritize research and publishing. However, these monitoring and research centres play the most fundamental role within geophysical and volcanological communities: they collect high-quality data organized in time series; they develop/optimize acquisition and data treatment techniques; and they identify new physicochemical or dynamic processes which comprise the core of the evolution of volcanological science.

In this Special Issue, we propose a collation of papers surrounding the activities of volcanological (sensu lato) observatories, focusing on the following areas: their evolution over time in meeting societal demand, their developments in the technical and scientific paradigm, their monitoring systems and implementations, the key scientific results which have changed their vision and strategies, and their challenges and perspectives in relation to monitoring hazards in their geological settings/regional context of interest. Contributions concerning the perspectives that involve the synergy between observatories and stakeholders and civil defence authorities and their mission in facing geophysical hazards and risks—their visions of how volcanic and seismic monitoring will change and evolve in a changing world—will be highly appreciated. Contributions from all kinds of geophysical observatories are welcome, including space observatories/labs that deal with global seismic and geodetic networks and/or satellite systems.

Prof. Dr. Roberto Moretti
Prof. Dr. Andrea Di Muro
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • volcanological observatories and their missions
  • volcanic hazards and risks
  • volcano monitoring networks and protocols
  • innovative monitoring techniques
  • data quality, data acquisition, and data treatment
  • surveillance and communication procedures
  • links to civil defence and societal issues

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

34 pages, 13584 KiB  
Article
Twisting Theory: A New Artificial Adaptive System for Landslide Prediction
by Paolo Massimo Buscema, Weldon A. Lodwick, Masoud Asadi-Zeydabadi, Francis Newman, Marco Breda, Riccardo Petritoli, Giulia Massini, David Buscema, Donatella Dominici and Fabio Radicioni
Geosciences 2023, 13(4), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13040115 - 12 Apr 2023
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Abstract
Landslides pose a significant risk to human life. The Twisting Theory (TWT) and Crown Clustering Algorithm (CCA) are innovative adaptive algorithms that can determine the shape of a landslide and predict its future evolution based on the movement of position sensors located in [...] Read more.
Landslides pose a significant risk to human life. The Twisting Theory (TWT) and Crown Clustering Algorithm (CCA) are innovative adaptive algorithms that can determine the shape of a landslide and predict its future evolution based on the movement of position sensors located in the affected area. In the first part of this study, the TWT and CCA will be thoroughly explained from a mathematical and theoretical perspective. In the second part, these algorithms will be applied to real-life cases, the Assisi landslide (1995–2008) and the Corvara landslide (2000–2008). A correlation of 0.9997 was attained between the model estimates and the expert’s posterior measurements at both examined sites. The results of these applications reveal that the TWT can accurately identify the overall shape of the landslides and predict their progression, while the CCA identifies complex cause-and-effect relationships among the sensors and represents them in a clear, weighted graph. To apply this model to a wider area and secure regions at risk of landslides, it is important to emphasize its operational feasibility as it only requires the installation of GNSS sensors in a predetermined grid in the target area. Full article
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