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Geriatrics
Special Issues
Nutrition Care and Support in Geriatrics
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Nutrition Care and Support in Geriatrics

A special issue of Geriatrics (ISSN 2308-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2024) | Viewed by 5741

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Olof Gudny Geirsdottir

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Aragata 14, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Interests: geriatric nutritional care; nutritional status; physical function; cognitive function; PEM; hospital malnutrition; frailty; nutritional care process

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Malnutrition referring to undernutrition is one of the most harmful co-morbidities among older adults and substantially burdens health, social, and aged care systems. It is estimated that around a quarter of older adults are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. This number is expected to rise alongside the rapid increase in the ageing population. The adverse effects of malnutrition are complex, such as frailty, delirium, decreased immunocompetence, muscle waste, hypothermia, osteoporosis, mood changes, cognitive impairment, lowered quality of life, and premature mortality regardless of the specific cause of death. This means evidence-based nutritional practice is important, including optimising nutritional pathways and incorporating dietary guidelines for older adults.

This Special Issue focuses on the importance of healthy nutritional status among older adults in the community, hospitals, or residential care. For older adults with or without malnutrition, a healthy nutritional status is a fundamental contributor to healthy ageing, rehabilitation, and preventing functional loss in frailty, sarcopenia, and pathological ageing.

Prof. Dr. Olof Gudny Geirsdottir
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Geriatrics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutritional care
  • geriatric nutrition
  • physical function
  • cognitive function
  • malnutrition
  • PEM
  • frailty

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 403 KiB  
Article
The Association of Cognitive Impairment and Depression with Malnutrition among Vulnerable, Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Large Cross-Sectional Study
by George Karam, Nada Abbas, Lea El Korh, Alexander Abi Saad, Lara Nasreddine and Krystel Ouaijan
Geriatrics 2024, 9(5), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9050122 - 19 Sep 2024
Viewed by 980
Abstract
(1) Background: Mental health issues in older adults, particularly cognitive impairment and depression, can affect nutritional status. This study investigates the prevalence of malnutrition among community-dwelling older adults at risk of social exclusion and dependency in Lebanon and its association with cognitive impairment [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Mental health issues in older adults, particularly cognitive impairment and depression, can affect nutritional status. This study investigates the prevalence of malnutrition among community-dwelling older adults at risk of social exclusion and dependency in Lebanon and its association with cognitive impairment and depression. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the TEC-MED project, involving 1410 older adults aged 60 and above in Beirut. Nutritional status was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment _Short Form (MNA_SF), cognitive impairment with the AD8 Dementia Screening Interview, and depression with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). (3) Results: 87.2% of participants were at risk of malnutrition, and 2.5% were malnourished. Cognitive impairment was present in 82.2% of the sample and 45% experienced moderate to severe depression. Malnourished individuals had significantly higher rates of cognitive impairment (96.7% vs. 57.8%) and depression (85.7% vs. 23.2%). Significant associations were found between the risk of malnutrition, decreased food intake, cognitive impairment, and depression; however, no significant association was found with BMI. Logistic regression analysis indicated that older age, cognitive impairment, and depression were significant predictors of malnutrition, while having a caregiver was protective. (4) Conclusions: The high prevalence of risk of malnutrition among vulnerable older adults with cognitive impairment and depression underscores the need for policies integrating nutritional screening into routine health check-ups for older adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Care and Support in Geriatrics)
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14 pages, 545 KiB  
Article
Relationships among Physical Activity, Physical Function, and Food Intake in Older Japanese Adults Living in Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Takashi Fushimi, Kyoko Fujihira, Hideto Takase and Masashi Miyashita
Geriatrics 2023, 8(2), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics8020041 - 3 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2503
Abstract
Japan is experiencing a super-ageing society faster than anywhere else in the world. Consequently, extending healthy life expectancy is an urgent social issue. To realize a diet that can support the extension of healthy life expectancy, we studied the quantitative relationships among physical [...] Read more.
Japan is experiencing a super-ageing society faster than anywhere else in the world. Consequently, extending healthy life expectancy is an urgent social issue. To realize a diet that can support the extension of healthy life expectancy, we studied the quantitative relationships among physical activities (number of steps and activity calculated using an accelerometer), physical functions (muscle strength, movement function, agility, static balance, dynamic balance, and walking function), and dietary intake among 469 older adults living in the Tokyo metropolitan area (65–75 years old; 303 women and 166 men) from 23 February 2017 to 31 March 2018. Physical activities and functions were instrumentally measured, and the dietary survey adopted the photographic record method. There was a significant positive association (p < 0.05) between physical activities (steps, medium-intensity activity, and high-intensity activity) and physical functions (movement function, static balance, and walking function), but no association with muscle strength. These three physical functions were significantly positively correlated with intake of vegetables, seeds, fruits, and milk; with magnesium, potassium, and vitamin B6; and with the dietary fibre/carbohydrate composition ratio (p < 0.05). Future intervention trials must verify if balancing diet and nutrition can improve physical activities in older adults through increased physical functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Care and Support in Geriatrics)
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Review

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10 pages, 256 KiB  
Review
Impact of Gut Microbiota on Aging and Frailty: A Narrative Review of the Literature
by Selene Escudero-Bautista, Arianna Omaña-Covarrubias, Ana Teresa Nez-Castro, Lydia López-Pontigo, Maribel Pimentel-Pérez and Alonso Chávez-Mejía
Geriatrics 2024, 9(5), 110; https://doi.org/10.3390/geriatrics9050110 - 31 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1238
Abstract
Aging is a natural, complex, and individual process that focuses on the progressive decay of the body and a decrease in cell function that begins in approximately the sixth decade of life and ends with death. Current scientific evidence shows that the aging [...] Read more.
Aging is a natural, complex, and individual process that focuses on the progressive decay of the body and a decrease in cell function that begins in approximately the sixth decade of life and ends with death. Current scientific evidence shows that the aging process is mostly related to genetic load and varies because of the environment. Therefore, aging can be adjusted through the intervention of factors that control homeostasis in genetic, biochemical, and immunological processes, including those involving the gut microbiota. Indeed, the diversity of the gut microbiota decreases during aging, based on the presence of modifications in the hormonal, immunological, and operational processes of the gastrointestinal tract. These modifications lead to a state of dysbiosis. However, altering bacterial communities remains complicated due to the great diversity of factors that influence their modification. Alterations caused by the aging process are known to foster dysbiosis and correspond to conditions that determine the degree of frailty in senior citizens. Consequently, the microbial structure can be used as a biomarker for geriatric care in the promotion of healthy aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Care and Support in Geriatrics)
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