Submit to Healthcare Review for Healthcare Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease

Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue
Published Papers

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2016) | Viewed by 90239

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Clare Collins

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

1. School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
2. Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
Interests: nutrition; dietary assessment; e&mHealth; precision and personalised nutrition; systematic review
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Louisa J. Ells

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Reader in Public Health and Obesity, Specialist Advisor in Public Health England, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
Interests: obesity; service evaluation; public health nutrition; e-health; systematic reviewing

Dr. Sharon Kirkpatrick

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
Interests: dietary assessment; dietary patterns; food policy; food security; food literacy; food environments
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Megan Rollo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, ATC 309H, ATC Building, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
Interests: dietary assessment methods; ehealth; mhealth; behavioural nutrition interventions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Although genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors are important determinants of CVD, dietary intake is a major modifiable risk factor. Diet influences both development of CVD and secondary prevention. Historically, the focus of dietary modification to lower CVD risk was on manipulation of fat intake, with an emphasis on lowering saturated fat intake. In more recently, other approaches to dietary management have been the subject of research.

Recent studies have taken a number of approaches, including manipulation of macronutrient ratios; altering ratios of specific fatty acid; focusing on overall dietary patterns and diet quality; and the use of bioactive foods, functional foods, and supplements. Less attention has been paid to the relative contributions of diet versus medication in improving CVD outcomes. Further, additional attention is needed related to the translation of findings from efficacy trials to testing effectiveness of dietary interventions in appropriate settings in order to examine the feasibility of interventions to help individuals optimize dietary intake to lower their CVD risk. For example, how can we foster improved dietary patterns among people participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs and what type of supports are required to achieve sustained improvements in eating habits? Evaluations of the impact of dietary interventions to improve CVD health are needed to provide an evidence base for dietary recommendations and guide policy makers and clinicians in the development of public health and clinical guidelines to prevent and treat CVD.

The focus of this Special Issue is on how nutrition affects CVD risk in humans and the dietary management of this risk. Increasing our knowledge in this area will be helpful for the development of evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of CVD.

This Special Issue will include original research and reviews on the relationship between dietary intake and CVD. This can include epidemiological studies of the association between dietary patterns and CVD, effectiveness of primary and secondary prevention programs and intervention studies, and studies examining factors associated with optimizing adherence to dietary advice across a range of healthcare and population settings.

Prof. Dr. Clare Collins
Dr. Louisa J. Ells
Dr. Sharon Kirkpatrick
Dr. Megan Rollo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
cholesterol
hypertension
LDL
HDL
nutrition
dietary interventions
dietary patterns
polyphenols
functional foods
lipids
dietary fat
fatty acids
omega-3 fat
cholesterol-lowering
nutrition epidemiology
primary prevention
secondary prevention
dietary guidelines

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (8 papers)

Download All Papers

Order results

Result details

Show export options Show export options

Select all

Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

608 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Vitamin D Status and Coronary Heart Disease among Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study

by Najlaa M. Aljefree, Patricia Lee, Jamal M. Alsaqqaf and Faruk Ahmed

Healthcare 2016, 4(4), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4040077 - 17 Oct 2016

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 6822

Abstract

Recent evidence has pointed out an association between vitamin D deficiency and coronary heart disease (CHD). Due to the growing epidemic of CHD and vitamin D deficiency in Saudi Arabia, exploring the role of vitamin D in the prevention of CHD is crucial. The aim of this study was to examine the association between vitamin D status and CHD in Saudi Arabian adults. This case-control study included 130 CHD cases and 195 age-sex matched controls. Study subjects were recruited from three hospitals in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Study participants were interviewed face-to-face to collect data on their socio-demographic characteristics and family history of CHD. Fasting blood samples were collected, and serum levels of vitamin D, glucose, and total cholesterol were measured. Body weight, height, and blood pressure measurements were also recorded. Severe vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL) was much more prevalent in CHD cases than in controls (46% and 3%, respectively). The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was associated with CHD, with an odds ratio of 6.5 (95% CI: 2.7–15, p < 0.001). The current study revealed that vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with CHD, suggesting an important predictor of CHD among Saudi adults. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

566 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effectiveness of a Brief Dietetic Intervention for Hyperlipidaemic Adults Using Individually-Tailored Dietary Feedback

by Tracy L. Schumacher, Tracy L. Burrows, Megan E. Rollo, Neil J. Spratt, Robin Callister and Clare E. Collins

Healthcare 2016, 4(4), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4040075 - 11 Oct 2016

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 9201

Abstract

Dietary modifications can improve serum lipids and reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, attendance at multiple dietary consultations can be a barrier to achieving behaviour change. This study investigated the effectiveness of a brief dietetic intervention on CVD risk factors in hyperlipidaemic adults. Adults with total cholesterol ≥ 5.0 mmol/L or low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol ≥ 4.0 mmol/L and not currently taking lipid-lowering medication were eligible for a minimum 6-week dietary intervention. Dietary intake data and blood lipids were acquired prior to a single counselling session with an Accredited Practising Dietitian (APD). The intervention used targeted feedback with purpose-developed education materials to supplement advice. CVD risk factors and dietary intakes were used to assess pre-post intervention change using linear mixed model regression analyses. Thirty-nine participants (59.3 ± 11.1 years, n = 28 female) were analysed. Mean ± SD follow-up from baseline time was 9.5 ± 2.5 weeks. Significant (p < 0.05) reductions in total cholesterol (−0.51 mmol/L), total:HDL (high density lipoprotein) ratio (−0.27 mmol/L), triglycerides (−0.38 mmol/L), total energy (−870 kJ/day), energy from nutrient-poor foods (−1006 kJ/day) and sodium (−325 mg/day), and improved dietary fat quality (−5.1% of energy/day saturated, +5.0% of energy/day polyunsaturated) and body mass index (−0.4 kg/m2) were achieved. A brief intervention by an APD incorporating targeted, personalised dietary feedback and education in a single counselling session can improve lipid profiles in adults with hyperlipidaemia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

216 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Role of Family in a Dietary Risk Reduction Intervention for Cardiovascular Disease

by Tracy L. Schumacher, Tracy L. Burrows, Deborah I. Thompson, Robin Callister, Neil J. Spratt and Clare E. Collins

Healthcare 2016, 4(4), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4040074 - 30 Sep 2016

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5644

Abstract

Diet is an essential strategy for the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. The objectives were to examine: how families at increased risk of CVD perceived personal risk, their motivations to make dietary changes, their understanding of diet, and the influence of other family members. Individuals (>18 years) who completed an Australian family-based CVD risk reduction program were invited to a semi-structured telephone interview. Responses were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a systematic deductive approach with coding derived from key concepts developed as part of the interview structure. Seventeen participants from eight families were interviewed (aged 18–70 years, 47% male, five with CVD diagnosis). Key themes indicated both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations to improve heart health, variations in risk perception, recognition of the role diet plays in heart health, and the extent of family influences on eating patterns. Discrepancies between perceived and actual CVD risk perception impacted on perceived “need” to modify current dietary patterns towards heart health recommendations. Therefore, strategies not reliant on risk perception are needed to engage those with low risk perception. This could involve identifying and accessing the family “ringleader” to influence involvement and capitalising on personal accountability to other family members. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

242 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Associations between Unhealthy Diet and Lifestyle Behaviours and Increased Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Young Overweight and Obese Women

by Megan C. Whatnall, Clare E. Collins, Robin Callister and Melinda J. Hutchesson

Healthcare 2016, 4(3), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4030057 - 19 Aug 2016

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 8471

Abstract

Unhealthy lifestyle behaviours are known modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This cross-sectional analysis aimed to describe lifestyle behaviours and CVD risk markers in young overweight and obese Australian women and explore associations between individual and combined lifestyle behaviours with CVD risk markers. Lifestyle behaviours assessed were diet quality, alcohol intake, physical activity, sitting time and smoking status, and were combined to generate a Healthy Lifestyle Score (HLS) (0–5). Objectively measured CVD risk markers were body mass index (BMI), %body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, and plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. Analysis included 49 women aged 18–35 years, with BMI 25.0 to 34.9 kg/m². The mean ± SD Australian Recommended Food Score was 33.5 ± 9.3 points, alcohol 3.3 ± 2.4 standard drinks/day, physical activity 207 ± 225 min/week and sitting time 578 ± 213 min/day. All participants were non-smokers. The proportion of participants outside normal reference ranges was 83.7% for waist circumference (n = 41), blood pressure 0% (n = 0), total cholesterol 26.2% (n = 11), HDL cholesterol 38.6% (n = 17), LDL cholesterol 22.7% (n = 10), and triglycerides 4.2% (n = 2). Physical activity was inversely associated with body fat (β = −0.011%, p = 0.005), diastolic blood pressure (β = −0.010 mmHg, p = 0.031) and waist circumference (β = −0.013 cm, p = 0.029). Most participants (59.2%, n = 29) had a HLS ≤ 2. No significant associations were found between HLS and CVD risk markers. Insufficient physical activity was the primary lifestyle factor associated with increased CVD risk markers, which suggests interventions targeting physical activity in young women may potentially improve cardiovascular health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

Review

Jump to: Research

322 KiB

Open AccessReview

Saturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Replacements for Saturated Fat to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk

by Michelle A. Briggs, Kristina S. Petersen and Penny M. Kris-Etherton

Healthcare 2017, 5(2), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5020029 - 21 Jun 2017

Cited by 272 | Viewed by 29851

Abstract

Dietary recommendations to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have focused on reducing intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) for more than 50 years. While the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans advise substituting both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids for SFA, evidence supports other nutrient substitutions that will also reduce CVD risk. For example, replacing SFA with whole grains, but not refined carbohydrates, reduces CVD risk. Replacing SFA with protein, especially plant protein, may also reduce CVD risk. While dairy fat (milk, cheese) is associated with a slightly lower CVD risk compared to meat, dairy fat results in a significantly greater CVD risk relative to unsaturated fatty acids. As research continues, we will refine our understanding of dietary patterns associated with lower CVD risk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

923 KiB

Open AccessReview

UK Dietary Policy for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

by Louis Levy and Alison Tedstone

Healthcare 2017, 5(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5010009 - 20 Feb 2017

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 14131

Abstract

Nutrition advice is devolved within each of the four UK countries, but share a common evidence base provided through the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). Current UK dietary recommendations to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) is based upon recommendations from SACN and its predecessor committee. Dietary advice in the UK has recently been revised in relation to intakes of free sugar and fibre. This paper highlights current UK recommendations for the prevention of CVD, in particular related to energy intake, saturated fat, free sugars, salt, fruit, vegetables, oily fish and fibre. It describes how this advice is promulgated including the refresh of the Eatwell Guide and wider action that will impact on CVD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

877 KiB

Open AccessReview

Effect of Flavonoids on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Adults at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

by Jenni Suen, Jolene Thomas, Amelia Kranz, Simon Vun and Michelle Miller

Healthcare 2016, 4(3), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4030069 - 14 Sep 2016

Cited by 46 | Viewed by 9552

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory processes initiate the first stage of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Flavonoid consumption has been related to significantly improved flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms are thought to be involved. The effect of flavonoids on markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, in at risk individuals is yet to be reviewed. Systematic literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases. Randomised controlled trials in a Western country providing a food-based flavonoid intervention to participants with one or two modifiable risk factors for CVD measuring a marker of OS and/or inflammation, were included. Reference lists were hand-searched. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess study quality. The search strategy retrieved 1248 articles. Nineteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Eight studies were considered at low risk of bias. Cocoa flavonoids provided to Type 2 diabetics and olive oil flavonoids to mildly-hypertensive women reduced OS and inflammation. Other food sources had weaker effects. No consistent effect on OS and inflammation across patients with varied CVD risk factors was observed. Study heterogeneity posed a challenge for inter-study comparisons. Rigorously designed studies will assist in determining the effectiveness of flavonoid interventions for reducing OS and inflammation in patients at risk of CVD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

220 KiB

Open AccessReview

Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Is a Well Established Mediating Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality—Should Patients with Elevated Levels Be Supplemented with Citrulline?

by Mark F. McCarty

Healthcare 2016, 4(3), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4030040 - 8 Jul 2016

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 5506

Abstract

The arginine metabolite asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a competitive inhibitor and uncoupler of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), an enzyme that acts in multifarious ways to promote cardiovascular health. This phenomenon likely explains, at least in part, why elevated ADMA has been established as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events, ventricular hypertrophy, and cardiovascular mortality. Fortunately, the suppressive impact of ADMA on eNOS activity can be offset by increasing intracellular arginine levels with supplemental citrulline. Although the long-term impact of supplemental citrulline on cardiovascular health in patients with elevated ADMA has not yet been studied, shorter-term clinical studies of citrulline administration demonstrate effects suggestive of increased NO synthesis, such as reductions in blood pressure and arterial stiffness, improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation, increased erection hardness, and increased ejection fractions in patients with heart failure. Supplemental citrulline could be a practical option for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular events and mortality, as it is inexpensive, has a mild flavor, and is well tolerated in doses (3–6 g daily) that can influence eNOS activity. Large and long-term clinical trials, targeting patients at high risk for cardiovascular events in whom ADMA is elevated, are needed to evaluate citrulline’s potential for aiding cardiovascular health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease)

Show export options Show export options

Select all

Export citation of selected articles as:

Displaying articles 1-8

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

Published Papers (8 papers)

Research

Review

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI