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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Fruit Tree Physiology and Molecular Biology
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Fruit Tree Physiology and Molecular Biology

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Developmental Physiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 1896

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dajiang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crops Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, No. 98 Xinghai South Street, Xingcheng 125100, China
Interests: fruit gremplasm resources; fruit tree; apple; rootstock
Prof. Dr. Yuan Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crops Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, No. 98 Xinghai South Street, Xingcheng 125100, China
Interests: fruit gremplasm resources; fruit tree; apple; genetic breeding

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In fruit trees, physiological changes such as flower bud differentiation, fruit and seed development, fruit sugar and acid quality formation, color formation and regulation, the influence of rootstock on tree and fruit quality, and response to stress are the keys to guiding fruit tree production. The analysis of molecular biological mechanisms related to these changes has always been the focus of scientific research, and the successful analysis of molecular biological mechanisms can promote production guidance.

The purpose of this Special Issue “Fruit Tree Physiology and Molecular Biology” is to present the latest research about fruit tree physiology and molecular biology by researchers worldwide. Innovative studies about fruit tree physiology and molecular biology (growth and development, fruit quality formation, stress response physiology and molecular biology, etc.) are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Dajiang Wang
Prof. Dr. Yuan Gao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fruit tree physiology
  • molecular biology
  • fruit germplasm resources
  • stress response
  • rootstock

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6842 KiB  
Article
Isolation and Identification of Pear Ring Rot Fungus and Resistance Evaluation of Different Pear Varieties
by Chen Wang, Yanjie Zhang, Chunqing Ou, Fei Wang, Li Ma, Caihong Wang and Shuling Jiang
Horticulturae 2024, 10(11), 1152; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10111152 - 30 Oct 2024
Viewed by 347
Abstract
Botryosphaeria dothidea is a significant plant pathogen responsible for causing ulcers, wilt, and fruit decay across a wide range of host plants. One notable fungal disease attributed to B. dothidea is pear tree ring rot, which currently ranks among the most severe diseases [...] Read more.
Botryosphaeria dothidea is a significant plant pathogen responsible for causing ulcers, wilt, and fruit decay across a wide range of host plants. One notable fungal disease attributed to B. dothidea is pear tree ring rot, which currently ranks among the most severe diseases affecting pear trees in China. This pathogen primarily targets branches and fruits, occasionally impacting leaves as well, leading to tree weakening, fruit rot, and leaf drop. The annual repercussions of this disease severely affect both the yield and quality of pear fruits, thereby impeding the healthy development of the pear industry. Recent studies have indicated that other species within the B. dothidea complex can also induce pear ring rot; however, specific physiological strains of B. dothidea remain unreported. Consequently, this study collected tissues from pear trees infected with ring rot from orchards located in Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, and other regions throughout China. Through morphological characterization combined with pathogenicity assessments and DNA sequence comparisons involving partial internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor (TEF), and β-tubulin (TUB) genes, 21 strains belonging to the Botryosphaeria spp. were identified. These 21 strains served as research subjects for inoculating dormant annual branches from 30 germplasm resources of pear trees in vitro. The results demonstrated that all tested strains could induce lesions on the branches which were characterized by dark brown spots. Furthermore, inoculation experiments involving these 21 strains were conducted to evaluate the resistance levels of various pear varieties against ring rot disease. The resistance was assessed by inoculating different isolates onto distinct pear varieties; this approach established the criteria for evaluating resistance while minimizing identification errors stemming from the variable responses exhibited by certain varieties towards individual strains. Ultimately, this study aims to provide a theoretical foundation for effective prevention and treatment strategies against pear ring rot. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fruit Tree Physiology and Molecular Biology)
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17 pages, 1524 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Changes in Polyphenols in Fruit Development of Red Flesh Apple ‘Hongxun 2’
by Dajiang Wang, Guangyi Wang, Xiang Lu, Zhao Liu, Simiao Sun, Hanxin Guo, Wen Tian, Zichen Li, Lin Wang, Lianwen Li, Yuan Gao and Kun Wang
Horticulturae 2024, 10(11), 1125; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10111125 - 22 Oct 2024
Viewed by 549
Abstract
In this study, fruits of the red flesh Malus plant ‘Hongxun 2’ (Malus neidzwetzkyana (Dieck) Langenf.) and green flesh Malus plant ‘Xinye 13-11’ (Malus sieversii (Led.) Roem.) were used as experimental materials. Both of them came from Xinjiang, China, and Malus [...] Read more.
In this study, fruits of the red flesh Malus plant ‘Hongxun 2’ (Malus neidzwetzkyana (Dieck) Langenf.) and green flesh Malus plant ‘Xinye 13-11’ (Malus sieversii (Led.) Roem.) were used as experimental materials. Both of them came from Xinjiang, China, and Malus neidzwetzkyana (Dieck) Langenf. is believed to be a variant of Malus sieversii (Led.) Roem. The components and contents of polyphenols in the peel and pulp of the two kinds of fruit during the development period were detected, and the dynamic changes and differences in the polyphenols between the two kinds of fruit were discussed. The results showed that the total polyphenol content of ‘Xinye 13-11’ was higher in the peel and pulp than that of ‘Hongxun 2’, and the content of peel was higher than that of pulp in the two kinds of fruit. An analysis of five types of polyphenols showed that anthocyanins were only contained in the peel and pulp of ‘Hongxun-2’, and the peel had a higher content than the pulp. Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside was the main anthocyanin component. Four other types of substances, except hydroxycinnamics, were higher in ‘Hongxun-2’ than ‘Xinye 13-11’, while the contents of other substances in ‘Xinye 13-11’ were higher than those of ‘Hongxun 2’. The accumulation of major polyphenol components in the peel and flesh of ‘Hongxun 2’ and ‘Xinye 13-11’ apples was significant in the period before and after 65 days after flowering, and the contents of procyanidin B1 and procyanidin C1 were the highest in this period. In addition to the difference in anthocyanin content between ‘Hongxun 2’ and ‘Xinye 13-11’, the chlorogenic acid content in the peel and pulp of ‘Hongxun 2’ was significantly higher than that of ‘Xinye 13-11’, and the contents of other components were lower than those of ‘Xinye 13-11’. Moreover, based on the components and contents of polyphenol components, this paper supports the viewpoint that Malus neidzwetzkyana (Dieck) Langenf is a separate species to Malus sieversii (Led.) Roem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fruit Tree Physiology and Molecular Biology)
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14 pages, 5175 KiB  
Article
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Mature Leaves of Dimocarpus longan cv. ‘Sijimi’ Provides Insight into Its Continuous-Flowering Trait
by Shilian Huang, Xinmin Lv, Junbin Wei, Dongmei Han, Jianguang Li and Dongliang Guo
Horticulturae 2024, 10(9), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10090974 - 14 Sep 2024
Viewed by 487
Abstract
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an important tropical and subtropical fruit, and most of its cultivars bloom once a year (once-flowering, OF). Dimocarpus longan cv. ‘Sijimi’ (SJ) is a tropical ecotype variety that blooms several times a year (continuous-flowering, CF) without the [...] Read more.
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) is an important tropical and subtropical fruit, and most of its cultivars bloom once a year (once-flowering, OF). Dimocarpus longan cv. ‘Sijimi’ (SJ) is a tropical ecotype variety that blooms several times a year (continuous-flowering, CF) without the need for low-temperature induction. Several studies have focused on the mechanism of continuous flowering in SJ longan; however, none used leaves as research material. As leaves are a key organ in sensing floral-induction signals, we compared gene-expression differences between mature leaves of CF (SJ) and OF (D. longan cv. ‘Shixia’ (SX) and D. longan cv. ‘Chuliang’ (CL)) longan by transcriptome sequencing. An average of 47,982,637, 43,833,340 and 54,441,291 clean reads were obtained for SJ, SX and CL respectively, and a total of 6745 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Following Metabolic pathways, Plant-pathogen interaction and Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, most of the other genes were assigned to the KEGG classifications of MAPK signaling pathway- plant, Plant hormone signal transduction, Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism and Starch and sucrose metabolism. WGCNA analysis clustered genes into 27 modules, among which bisque4 and darkorange2 module genes specifically were expressed at low and high levels in SJ, respectively. Different gene-expression patterns were detected between CF and OF longan in bisque4 and darkorange2 modules, especially the high levels of transcription factor (TF) expression and the large number of gibberellic acid (GA)-signaling-pathway-specific genes expressed at high levels in CF longan (SJ). Floral-induction-gene expression levels in CF longan, such as levels of GA-signaling-related and FT genes, were always high. In CF longan, after vegetative-growth accumulation, flowers could be directly induced, thereby eliminating the need for low-temperature induction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fruit Tree Physiology and Molecular Biology)
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