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Effect of Differences in Access to Screening, Healthcare, and Treatment on Cancer Disparities

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Care Sciences & Services".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (7 April 2023) | Viewed by 7985

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 8901, USA
Interests: health disparities; germline predisposition to cancer; environmental carcinogens

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer incidence, pathology and outcomes vary widely between different populations. For example, transgender men have an increased risk for ovarian cancer, Black women are more likely to develop triple-negative breast cancer than White women, and cancer mortality rates in people with lower socioeconomic status (SES) are higher than those with higher SES. Understanding the factors that contribute to these disparities is critical in reducing cancer burdens and improving outcomes.

While biological differences, such as the BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutations in people of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry or deletion of the LSAMP gene in prostate tumors from African American men, have been associated with cancer disparities,  non-biological factors also play a critical role in cancer disparities.  Differences not only in access to but in quality of cancer screening may contribute to later-stage diagnoses and variability in provision of healthcare, and underlying institutional biases may influence patient compliance, while comorbidities may alter patient treatment. 

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers in public health, epidemiology, health economics, biostatistics, psychology, and sociology to submit high-quality empirical papers or systematic reviews that will further broaden our understanding of the healthcare factors that contribute to cancer disparities in different populations.

Dr. Rachel E. Ellsworth
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cancer disparities
  • screening
  • diagnosis
  • healthcare
  • access
  • provision
  • treatment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 238 KiB  
Editorial
Effect of Differences in Access to Screening, Healthcare, and Treatment on Cancer Disparities
by Rachel E. Ellsworth
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 14747; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214747 - 9 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1135
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease with over 100 recognized types that differ by organ site and cellular origins [...] Full article

Research

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14 pages, 352 KiB  
Article
Knowledge and Attitudes towards Prostate Cancer and Screening among Males in Limpopo Province, South Africa
by Ndivhuwo Maladze, Angelina Maphula, Mzamani Maluleke and Lufuno Makhado
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 5220; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065220 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4429
Abstract
Inadequate knowledge and poor attitudes about prostate cancer (PC) negatively affect early screening practices among males. The PC mortality rate is increasing due to late reporting, screening, and treatment. This study explored the awareness, attitudes, and PC screening behaviours among males in the [...] Read more.
Inadequate knowledge and poor attitudes about prostate cancer (PC) negatively affect early screening practices among males. The PC mortality rate is increasing due to late reporting, screening, and treatment. This study explored the awareness, attitudes, and PC screening behaviours among males in the Limpopo, Thulamela municipality. This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 245 males that were randomly selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the association between sociodemographic variables, awareness, and attitudes towards PC. Our findings revealed that 64.1% demonstrated inadequate awareness about PC. The overall score (84.9%) showed a positive attitude towards PC. However, 87.4% had a negative attitude towards the effectiveness of treatment for PC. The majority (96.7%) of respondents had never undergone a PSA test, although 53.1% were willing to undergo a PSA test. There was a significant positive correlation between awareness of prostate cancer and attitudes toward prostate cancer (r = 0.280, p < 0.001). Health status predicted awareness about PC, while age and health status predicted attitudes towards PC among men. Rural community-based programmes and heightened awareness campaigns are needed to conscientize men about the risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of PC in rural areas of Limpopo. Full article

Review

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15 pages, 383 KiB  
Review
Survival Disparities in US Black Compared to White Women with Hormone Receptor Positive-HER2 Negative Breast Cancer
by Leann A. Lovejoy, Craig D. Shriver, Svasti Haricharan and Rachel E. Ellsworth
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 2903; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042903 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2049
Abstract
Black women in the US have significantly higher breast cancer mortality than White women. Within biomarker-defined tumor subtypes, disparate outcomes seem to be limited to women with hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer, a subtype usually associated with favorable prognosis. [...] Read more.
Black women in the US have significantly higher breast cancer mortality than White women. Within biomarker-defined tumor subtypes, disparate outcomes seem to be limited to women with hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer, a subtype usually associated with favorable prognosis. In this review, we present data from an array of studies that demonstrate significantly higher mortality in Black compared to White women with HR+/HER2-breast cancer and contrast these data to studies from integrated healthcare systems that failed to find survival differences. Then, we describe factors, both biological and non-biological, that may contribute to disparate survival in Black women. Full article
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