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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Sport and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 15819

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tomasz Gabryś

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Guest Editor

1. Sport Centrum, Faculty of Pedagogy, West Bohemia University, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
Interests: sport training; sport physiology; physical activity; sport games; winter sports; cycling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Kazimierz Mikołajec

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Guest Editor

The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Institute of Sport Sciences, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
Interests: playing position; body composition; youth athletes; weight loss; basketball players
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Physical Activity, Sport and Health" is dedicated to the publication of the results of research conducted in the field of physical activity as a basic antidote to the dangers of civilization associated with unnatural lifestyles. The last two years of the COVID-19 pandemic have shown the negative impact, in all aspects of health, of reducing or eliminating physical activity. The Special Issue will publish research papers linking health issues to sport and other forms of physical activity. We look forward to research papers that use sport as a venue for creating health-promoting habits and acquiring the skills to prepare for and participate in various forms of physical activity independently. We invite researchers to submit innovative research papers that address the relationship between physical activity and the demands placed on soldiers, firefighters, police officers and other special services. We look forward to receiving papers that link preparation for physical activity in these populations with training methods developed in sport. Health and safety in professional work of different social groups is determined by the level of physical fitness and ability to participate in different forms of physical activity. We also look forward to receiving papers on research related to the contribution of psychological factors on motivation and effectiveness of participation in various forms of physical activity, especially sport. "Physical Activity Sport and Health" offers an opportunity to publish high-quality, multi-disciplinary research relating physical activity to sport and health

Dr. Tomasz Gabryś
Dr. Kazimierz Mikołajec
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

physical activity
sport activity
health
professional physical activity
psychological factors of physical activity

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 331 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparing Musculoskeletal Injuries across Dance and Gymnastics in Adolescent Females Presenting to Emergency Departments

by Yixuan A. Pei, Mattia A. Mahmoud, Keith Baldwin and Corinna Franklin

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 471; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010471 - 28 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2293

Abstract

(1) Background: Studies have yet to identify if there are any differences in musculoskeletal injury patterns between dance and gymnastics. This study aimed to determine if different injury patterns exist in adolescent females participating in those two popular sports. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected from patients presenting to U.S. emergency departments participating in the publicly available, de-identified U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission’s National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) throughout the year 2020. Regression analyses were performed to explore if injury patterns were predictive of gymnastics or dancing participation. (3) Results: 518 adolescent females with dance-related injuries and 597 adolescent females with gymnastics-related injuries in 2020 were examined. Strain/sprains (33.3%) and fractures (37.3%) were the most reported dance- and gymnastics-related diagnoses, respectively. Participants were 74% less likely to have a strain/sprain diagnosis in gymnastics compared to dance (OR = 0.26, 95% CI [0.18, 0.38]) and were 3.84 times more likely to have a fracture diagnosis from gymnastics compared to dance (OR = 3.84, 95% CI [2.67, 5.57]), even after adjusting for body party injured. (4) Conclusions: Dance is associated with more sprains while gymnastics typically resulted in a greater likelihood for fractures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sport and Health)

9 pages, 926 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity, Family Support, Peer Support, and Screen Time: An Explanatory Model

by Daniel Sanz-Martín, José Luis Ubago-Jiménez, Germán Ruiz-Tendero and Félix Zurita-Ortega

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 16177; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316177 - 3 Dec 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1840

Abstract

It is important to investigate how the different factors of physical activity and screen time influence each population group in order to design effective proposals for health promotion. This study aims to: (1) create an explanatory model to establish the relationships between moderate-vigorous physical activity time, screen time, family support, and peer support of adolescents in the region of Soria (Spain); (2) contrast the explanatory structural model according to the intensity of physical activity. A representative sample of 694 adolescents, aged 12–17 years, from the region of Soria was selected. The Four by One-Day Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Parent Support Scale, and the Peer Support Scale were administered. The data were treated according to a structural equation model to demonstrate the relationships between the study variables. The Chi-square p-values and standardised fit indices (CFI, NFI, IFI, TLI, and RMSEA) were appropriate. Moreover, acceptable parameters were obtained in the general equations. The theoretical model is useful to explain the relationships between moderate-vigorous physical activity, family support, peer support, and screen time. In addition, models that differentiate between moderate and vigorous physical activity independently are also useful. Peer support plays a particular role relative to physical activity time, and family support plays a specific role regarding screen time. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sport and Health)

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16 pages, 2896 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Self-Esteem, Meaningful Experiences and the Rocky Road—Contexts of Physical Activity That Impact Mental Health in Adolescents

by John Murphy, Bronagh McGrane, Rhiannon Lee White and Mary Rose Sweeney

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 15846; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315846 - 28 Nov 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2848

Abstract

Abundant evidence shows that physical activity benefits adolescents’ mental health and wellbeing. Quantitative evidence has shown that adolescents engaging in leisure time physical activity, a number of sports, and team sport, display better mental health outcomes than their peers. The specific contextual factors that contribute to increased mental health and wellbeing through physical activity are, as yet, unconfirmed. The purpose of this study was to identify the contexts of physical activity and sport that positively impact mental health and wellbeing as perceived by adolescents. A sample of 58 adolescents participated in 13 focus groups discussing various factors related to physical activity, sport and mental health. Participants brought an object that represented physical activity and an image that represented wellbeing to each focus group to aid in the discussion and representation of both. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of the focus groups using a six-phase approach. Five key themes were identified: (1) achievements and improvements leading to increased self-esteem; (2) the importance of meaningful experiences, a sense of belonging and contributions to identity; (3) development of resilience and responding to setbacks; (4) social connectedness and relatedness, and (5) an opportunity to experience mindfulness, distraction and flow-states. In order to enhance and support wellbeing through physical activity, adolescents should be encouraged and provided with opportunities to engage in enjoyable activities with people with whom they experience a sense of belonging, where there is an opportunity to experience mastery and improvement and that includes an element of autonomy or choice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sport and Health)

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10 pages, 350 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Thirty-Minute Nap Enhances Performance in Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Tests during and after Ramadan Observance

by Fatma Hilal Yagin, Özgür Eken, Ramazan Bayer, Vaclav Salcman, Tomasz Gabrys, Hürmüz Koç, Burak Yagin and İsmihan Eken

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 14699; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214699 - 9 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1934

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a 30 min nap (N30) on the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) both during and after Ramadan. Ten physically active kickboxers (age: 21.20 ± 1.61 years, height: 174.80 ± 4.34 cm, body mass: 73.30 ± 7.10 kg and body mass index (BMI): 24.00 ± 2.21 kg/m²) voluntarily performed the RAST test after an N30 and in a no-nap condition (NN) during two experimental periods: the last ten days of Ramadan (DR) and ∼3 weeks after Ramadan (AR). During each DR-NN, DR-N30, AR-NN and AR-N30 protocol, kickboxers performed RAST performance. A statistically significant difference was found between Ramadan periods (DR vs. AR) in terms of max power (W) (F = 80.93; p₁ < 0.001; η²_p = 0.89), minimum power (W) (F = 49.05; p₁ < 0.001; η²_p = 0.84), average power (W) (F = 83.79; p₁ < 0.001; η²_p = 0.90) and fatigue index (%) results (F = 11.25; p₁ = 0.008; η²_p = 0.55). In addition, the nap factor was statistically significant in terms of the max power (W) (F = 81.89; p₂ < 0.001; η²_p = 0.90), minimum power (W) (F = 80.37; p₂ < 0.001; η²_p = 0.89), average power (W) (F = 108.41; p₂ < 0.001; η²_p = 0.92) and fatigue index (%) results (F = 16.14; p₂ = 0.003; η²_p = 0.64). Taking a daytime nap benefits subsequent performance in RAST. The benefits of napping were greater after an N30 opportunity for DR and AR. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sport and Health)

15 pages, 355 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Adult Men and Women with Distorted Perception of Weight Status: Nationwide Surveys (KNHANES 2016–2018)

by Su-Jin Lee, Min-Gyu Lim, Jung hee Kim, Chulyong Park, YoungJi Ko, Myung-Gwan Kim, Chul-Hyun Kim, Aeryoung Kim and Jong-Moon Hwang

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(16), 10417; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610417 - 21 Aug 2022

Viewed by 2012

Abstract

This study analyzed the distorted perception of weight in adults aged 20 years or older and investigated the difference in the amount of physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study examined 21,326 adults regarding their body mass index (BMI), subjective body recognition (SBR), physical activity (according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire; GPAQ), and HRQOL (EuroQol-5 Dimension; EQ-5D) from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018). Independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square test, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. The group with the same BMI and SBR significantly showed a long time of activity vigorous-intensity (F = 21.25, p = 0.003) and moderate-intensity time (F = 17.24, p < 0.001). In the ‘BMI = SBR’ group, the sub-group with normal BMI and normal SBR showed the highest vigorous-intensity (mean ± SD = 7.20 ± 26.05, F = 37.86, p < 0.001) and moderate-intensity (mean ± SD = 13.89 ± 30.18, F = 43.27, p < 0.001) activity times. The sub-group with normal BMI and normal SBR had the highest percentage of responding as normal in the five EQ-5D sub-items. For the score of the EQ-5D Index, the highest score was shown in the group that felt subjectively more obese than the actual BMI (F = 56.83, p < 0.001). In the ‘BMI = SBR’ group, these factors related to physical activity (vigorous-intensity, moderated-intensity, and walking) are factors influencing health-related quality of life in this regression model (F = 396.57, p < 0.001, R² = 0.165). Various health promotion programs and policy recommendations to reduce the distorted perception of weight are required. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sport and Health)

Other

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12 pages, 707 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Risk Factors Associated with Grip Lock Injuries in Artistic Gymnasts: A Systematic Review

by Erhan Kara, İsa Sağıroğlu, Hikmet Vurgun, Özgür Eken, Halil İbrahim Ceylan, Tomasz Gabrys, Magdalena Barasinska, Urszula Szmatlan-Gabrys and Peter Valach

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3589; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043589 - 17 Feb 2023

Viewed by 3944

Abstract

Artistic gymnastics (AG) is a sport that demands grace, strength, and flexibility, leading to a broad spectrum of injuries. The dowel grip (DG) is widely used by gymnasts to securely hold onto the high bar or uneven bars. However, incorrect usage of the DG can result in grip lock (GL) injuries. This systematic review aims to (1) identify studies that have investigated the risk factors related to GL injuries among gymnasts and (2) synthesize the key evidence. A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, SportDiscus, and Google Scholar, covering the period from their inception until November 2022. The data extraction and analysis were independently completed by two investigators. A total of 90 relevant studies were initially identified, out of which seven clinical trials met the eligibility criteria. For the quantitative synthesis, five studies were included. The details extracted from each article include: the sample characteristics (number, gender, age, and health status), the study design, the instrumentation or intervention used, and the final results. Our results revealed that the underlying causes of the risk factors of GL injuries were the irregular checking of the dowel grip and the mating surface of the bar, the tearing of the dowel of the leather strap, and the use of the dowel grip in different competition apparatuses. In addition, GL injuries may occur either as severe forearm fractures or mild injuries. Excessive flexion of the forearm and overpronation of the wrist during rotational movements, such as the swing or backward/forward giant circle, may increase the possibility of GL injury on the high bar. Future studies should focus on GL injury prevention strategy and rehabilitation protocol for GL injuries. Further high-quality research is required to establish the validity of these findings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity, Sport and Health)

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