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Physical Performance and Recovery during Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
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Physical Performance and Recovery during Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 15045

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kenji Doma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sport and Exercise Science, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
Interests: effect of supplementation on recovery following strenuous exercises; effect of supplementation during periods of exercise-induced muscle damage; effect of supplementation on muscular strength and hypertrophy; effect of supplementation on acute performance improvement; effect of hydration status on performance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is a common occurrence following strenuous exercise, particularly with unfamiliar activities involving eccentric contractions. The signs and symptoms of EIMD may include muscle soreness, local oedema, elevated enzymes (e.g., creatine kinase), reduced joint mobility, and compromised muscular contractility, which typically continues for 24–96 hours post-exercise. Thus, inadequate recovery following strenuous training sessions may impair the quality of training or augment the risks of physical injuries. In fact, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that physical performance measures pertinent in sport are impaired during periods of EIMD, including jumping capabilities; cycling and running performance; and sprint and agility performance in individuals from various training backgrounds. However, there is still a dearth of literature on the type of sport-specific activities that induce muscle damage, the duration of EIMD following various exercise protocols and the mode of exercise that are impaired due to EIMD and recovery strategies to minimise the signs and symptoms of EIMD following strenuous exercises. Expanding our understanding in these areas will assist in managing the signs and symptoms of EIMD, improve athlete monitoring during strenuous training periods and enhance athlete readiness for each training session.

In this Special Issue, papers on all methods and approaches with respect to acute and chronic responses of EIMD will be considered. Empirical papers are preferred, but reviews and theoretical papers will also be considered.

Dr. Kenji Doma
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Creatine kinase
  • Myoglobin
  • Lactate dehydrogenase
  • Delayed onset of muscle soreness
  • Fatigue
  • Physiological stress
  • Recovery
  • Sport performance

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 978 KiB  
Article
Resistance Training Acutely Impairs Agility and Spike-Specific Performance Measures in Collegiate Female Volleyball Players Returning from the Off-Season
by Kenji Doma, Jonathan Connor, Daniel Gahreman, Daniel Boullosa, Juha P. Ahtiainen and Akinori Nagata
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(18), 6448; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186448 - 4 Sep 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4084
Abstract
This study examined the acute effects of resistance training (RT) on volleyball-specific performance. Sixteen female volleyball players undertook their initial, pre-season RT bout. Countermovement jump (CMJ), delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), and sport-specific performances (i.e., run-up jump, agility, and spiking speed and [...] Read more.
This study examined the acute effects of resistance training (RT) on volleyball-specific performance. Sixteen female volleyball players undertook their initial, pre-season RT bout. Countermovement jump (CMJ), delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), and sport-specific performances (i.e., run-up jump, agility, and spiking speed and accuracy) were measured before, 24 (T24), and 48 (T48) hours after RT. A significant increase in DOMS was observed at T24 and T48 (~207.6% ± 119.3%; p < 0.05; ES = 1.8 (95% CI: 0.94–2.57)), whilst agility was significantly impaired at T48 (1.7% ± 2.5%; p < 0.05; ES = 0.30 (95% CI: −0.99–0.40)). However, there were no differences in CMJ (~−2.21% ± 7.6%; p > 0.05; ES = −0.11 (95% CI: −0.80–0.58)) and run-up jump (~−1.4% ± 4.7%; p > 0.05; ES = −0.07 (95% CI: −0.76–0.63)). Spiking speed was significantly reduced (−3.5% ± 4.4%; p < 0.05; ES = −0.28 (95% CI: −0.43–0.97)), although accuracy was improved (38.3% ± 81.4%: p < 0.05) at T48. Thus, the initial, preseason RT bout compromised agility and spiking speed for several days post-exercise. Conversely, spiking accuracy improved, suggesting a speed–accuracy trade-off. Nonetheless, at least a 48-h recovery may be necessary after the initial RT bout for athletes returning from the off-season or injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Performance and Recovery during Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage)
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8 pages, 301 KiB  
Article
Myostatin A55T Genotype is Associated with Strength Recovery Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
by Jooyoung Kim, Kwanghoon Park and Joohyung Lee
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(13), 4900; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134900 - 7 Jul 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2824
Abstract
Myostatin A55T genotype is one of the candidates showing inter-individual variation in skeletal muscle phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the myostatin A55T genotype on markers of muscle damage after eccentric exercise. Forty-eight young, healthy male college [...] Read more.
Myostatin A55T genotype is one of the candidates showing inter-individual variation in skeletal muscle phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the myostatin A55T genotype on markers of muscle damage after eccentric exercise. Forty-eight young, healthy male college students (age = 24.8 ± 2.2 years, height = 176.7 ± 5.3 cm, weight = 73.7 ± 8.3 kg) were enrolled in this study, and muscle damage was induced through 50 reps of maximal eccentric muscle contraction. As markers of muscle damage, maximal isometric strength (MIS), muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK), and aspartate transaminase (AST) were measured. Myostatin A55T genotypes were classified into homozygous myostatin A55T allele (AA, n = 34, 72%), heterozygous myostatin A55T allele (AT, n = 13, 26%), and homozygous mutant carriers (TT, n = 1, 2%). After eccentric exercise, the subjects with heterozygous for AT showed markedly quicker MIS recovery compared to the AA group (p = 0.042). However, there were no significant variations in muscle soreness (p = 0.379), CK (p = 0.955), and AST (p = 0.706) among the groups. These results suggest that AT in myostatin A55T genotype may be associated with quicker strength recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Performance and Recovery during Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage)
9 pages, 335 KiB  
Article
Effect of Body Fat Percentage on Muscle Damage Induced by High-Intensity Eccentric Exercise
by Eun-Jung Yoon and Jooyoung Kim
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(10), 3476; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103476 - 16 May 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3813
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of percent body fat (%BF) on muscle damage after high-intensity eccentric exercise. Thirty healthy male undergraduates (mean age: 22.0 ± 2 years, height: 176.9 ± 5 cm, weight: 75.8 ± 11.6 kg) participated in this study, [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of percent body fat (%BF) on muscle damage after high-intensity eccentric exercise. Thirty healthy male undergraduates (mean age: 22.0 ± 2 years, height: 176.9 ± 5 cm, weight: 75.8 ± 11.6 kg) participated in this study, and they were classified according to their %BF into a high %fat group (HFG, ≥20%, n = 15) and a low %fat group (LFG, ≤15%, n = 15). For eccentric exercise, two sets of 25 reps were performed on a modified preacher curl machine using the elbow flexor muscle. Maximal isometric strength, muscle soreness (passive and active), creatine kinase (CK), and myoglobin (Mb) were measured as indices of muscle damage. The data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA. The results show that there is a significant group–time interaction for both CK and Mb after eccentric exercise (p = 0.007, p = 0.015, respectively), with a greater increase in the HFG than in the LFG. However, there was no significant group–time interaction for maximal isometric strength and muscle soreness (passive and active) (p > 0.05). These results suggest that %BF is a factor that alters the muscle damage indices CK and Mb, which indicate membrane disruption, after eccentric exercise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Performance and Recovery during Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage)
9 pages, 2046 KiB  
Article
Consumption of a Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) during Days 2–10 of Pregnancy Causes Abnormal Fetal and Placental Growth: Implications for BCAA Supplementation in Humans
by Chiu Yuen To, Muriel Freeman and Lon J. Van Winkle
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(7), 2445; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072445 - 3 Apr 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3734
Abstract
A relatively large branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplement, consumed for more than 10 days, appears to be especially effective at alleviating muscle damage and soreness during intense human training. However, perturbations in amino acid and protein consumption could have unwanted transgenerational effects on [...] Read more.
A relatively large branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplement, consumed for more than 10 days, appears to be especially effective at alleviating muscle damage and soreness during intense human training. However, perturbations in amino acid and protein consumption could have unwanted transgenerational effects on male and female reproduction. This paper hypothesizes that isoleucine consumption by female mice from days 2 to 10 of pregnancy will alter fetal and placental growth later in gestation. Mice that had received 118 mM isoleucine in their drinking water delivered pups on day 19 of pregnancy that were 9% larger than normal, whereas the reverse was true for pups born on day 20. Moreover, the inverse correlation between birth weight and litter size was lost in mice that previously consumed excess isoleucine. Similarly, the normal correlations between fetal and placental weights were lost by day 18 of pregnancy in mice that had consumed excess isoleucine. Mice that consumed excess isoleucine had placentas smaller than, and fetuses larger than normal on day 18 of pregnancy, but the reverse was true on day 15. Other unintended and unexpected effects of BCAA consumption should be studied more thoroughly due to the increasing use of BCAAs to alleviate muscle damage and soreness in athletes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Performance and Recovery during Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage)
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